1、Ecotourism 生态旅游Planning an eco-friendly holiday can be a minefield for the well-meaning traveller, says Steve Watkins. But help is now at hand. 史蒂夫沃特金斯说，对善意的旅客而言 规划一个环保的假期可能是一个雷区，但是现在即将有帮助。If there were awards for tourism phrases that have been hijacked, diluted and misused, then ecotourism would ea
2、rn top prize. The term first surfaced in the early 1980s reflecting a surge in environmental awarene ss and a realization by tour operators that many travelers wanted to believe their presence abroad would not have a negative impact. It rapidly became the hottest marketing tag a holiday could carry.
3、 如果有旅游短语的奖励被劫持，稀释和滥用，那么生态旅游将获得一等奖。 这个词首次出现在 20 世纪 80 年代初，反映了环保意识的提高，旅游经营者意识到许多旅行者希望相信他们在国外的存在不会产生负面影响。 它迅速成为假日可以携带的最热的营销标签。These days the ecotourism label is used to cover anything from a two-week tour living with remote Indonesian tribes, to a one-hour motorboat trip through an Australian gorge. In
4、 fact, any tour that involves cultural interaction, natural beauty spots, wildlife or a dash of soft adventure is likely to be included in the overflowing ecotourism folder. There is no doubt the original motives behind the movement were hono rable attempts to provide a way for those who cared to ma
5、ke informed choices, but the lack of regulations and a standard industry definition left many travelers lost in an ecotourism jungle. 这些天，生态旅游标签用于覆盖从远程印尼部落居住的两周旅游到通过澳大利亚峡谷的一小时摩托艇之旅。 事实上，任何涉及文化互动，自然美景，野生动物或一系列软冒险的旅游都可能被包括在充满生态旅游的文件夹中。 毫无疑问，运动背后的原始动机是为那些关心做出知情选择的人们提供一种方法的可笑尝试，但是缺乏法规和标准的行业定义使许多旅行者失去了生态
6、旅游丛林。It is easier to understand why the ecotourism market has become so overcrowded when we look at its wider role in the world econ omy. According to World Tourism Organization figures, ecotourism is worth U. S. $20 billion a year and makes up one-fifth of all international tourism. Add to this an
7、annual growth rate of around five per cent and the pressure for many operators, both in developed and developing countries, to jump on the accelerating bandwagon is compelling. Without any widely recognized a ccreditation system, the consumer has been left to investigate the credentials of an operat
8、or th emselves. This is a time-consuming process and many travelers usually take an operators claims at face value, only adding to the proliferation of fake ecotours. 更容易理解为什么生态旅游市场已经变得如此拥挤，当我们看它在世界经济共同体的更广泛的作用。 根据世界旅游组织的数字，生态旅游每年价值 200 亿美元，占所有国际旅游业的五分之一。 除此之外，年增长率约为 5，许多发达国家和发展中国家的经营者都面临着加速增长的压力。 没
9、有任何广泛认可的认证系统，消费者已被留下调查操作员的凭证。 这是一个耗时的过程，许多旅行者通常采取面值的经营者的索赔，只增加了假的生态旅游的扩散。 However, there are several simple questions that will provide qualifying evidence of a companys commitment to minimize its impact on the environment and maximize the benefits to the tourism areas local community. For example,
10、does the company use recycled or sustainable locally harvested materials to build it s tourist properties? Do they pay fair wages to all employees? Do they offer training to employees? It is common for city entrepreneurs to own tour companies in country areas, which can mean the money you pay ends u
11、p in the city rather than in the community being visited. By taking a little extra time to investigate the ecotourism options, it is not only possible to guide your custom to worthy operators but you will often find that the experience they offer is far more rewarding. 然而，有几个简单的问题将提供合格的证据，证明公司承诺最小化其
12、对环境的影响，并最大限度地利用旅游区的当地社区。 例如，公司是否使用回收或可持续的当地收获材料来建造旅游产业？ 他们是否向所有员工支付公平的工资？ 他们为员工提供培训吗？ 城市企业家通常在国家区域拥有旅游公司，这意味着你支付的钱最终会在城市而不是在被访问的社区。 通过花一点额外的时间来调查生态旅游的选择，它不仅可以指导你的定制为值得的运营商，但你会经常发现，他们提供的经验是更有益的。The ecotourism business is still very much in need of a shake-up and a standardized approach. There are a f
13、ew organizations that have sprung up in the last ten years or so that endeavor to educate travelers and operators about the benefits of responsible ecotourism. Founded in 1990, the Ecotourism Society (TES) is a non-profit organization of travel industry, conservation and ecological professionals, wh
14、ich aims to make ecotourism a genuine tool for conservation and sustainable development. Help ing to create inherent economic value in wilderness environmentsand threatened cultures has undoubtedly been one of the ecotourism movements mostnotableachievements. TES organizes an annual initiative to fu
15、rther aid development of the ecotourism industry.生态旅游业务仍然非常需要一个调整和标准化的方法。 有几个组织在过去十多年来一直在发展，努力教育旅行者和运营商负责任的生态旅游的好处。 成立于 1990 年，生态旅游社会（TES）是一个旅游业，保护和生态专业人士的非营利组织，旨在使生态旅游成为保护和可持续发展的真正工具。 帮助在荒野环境和受威胁的文化中创造固有的经济价值无疑是生态旅游运动最不可取的成就之一。 TES 组织了一项年度倡议，以进一步协助生态旅游业的发展。This year it is launching Your Travel Choi
16、ce Makes a Difference, an educational campaign aimed at helping consumers understand the potential positive and negative impacts of their travel decisions. TES also offers guidance on the choice of ecotour and has established a register of approved ecotourism operators around the world. 今年，它推出了“旅行之旅
17、” ，一个旨在帮助消费者了解旅行决定的潜在积极和消极影响的教育活动。 TES 还提供了选择生态旅游的指导，并建立了一个在世界各地批准的生态旅游运营商的注册。A leading ecotourism operator in the Un ited Kingdom is Tribes, which won the 1999 Tourism Concern and Independent Travelers World Award for Most Responsible Tour Operator. Amanda Marks, owner and director of Tribes, belie
18、ves that the ecotourism industry still has some way to go to get its house in order. 无国界的主要生态旅游运营商是部落，获得 1999 年旅游关注和独立旅行者世界最负责任的旅行社奖。 部落的所有者和主任阿曼达马克斯（Amanda Marks）认为，生态旅游业仍然有一些方法去获得它的房子。Until now, no ecotourism accreditation sc heme has really worked, principally because there has been no systematic
19、 way of checking th at accredited companies actually comply with the code of practice. Amanda believes that the most promising syst em is the recently re-launched Green Globe 21 scheme. The Green Globe 21 award is based on the sustainable development standards contained in Agenda 21 from the 1992 Ea
20、rth Summit and was originally coordinated by the World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC). The scheme is now an independent concern, though the WTTC still supports it. Until recently, tour companies became affiliates and could use the Green Globe logo merely on payment of an annual fee, hardly a suitab
21、le qualifying standard. However, in November 1999 Green Globe 21 introduced an annual, independent check on op erators wishing to use the logo. 到目前为止，没有生态旅游认证工作真正发挥作用，主要是因为没有系统的方法检查认可的公司实际遵守实践规范。 Amanda 认为，最有前途的系统是最近重新推出的绿色地球 21 计划。 绿色地球 21 奖是基于 1992 年地球峰会上 “21 世纪议程” 所载的可持续发展标准，最初由世界旅游和旅游理事会（WTTC）协调
22、。 该计划现在是一个独立的关注，虽然WTTC 仍然支持它。 直到最近，旅游公司成为附属公司，可以使用绿色地球标志，只是支付年费，几乎不是合适的资格标准。 然而，1999 年 11 月，绿色地球 21 对希望使用该标志的操作者进行了年度独立检查。Miriam Cain, from the Green Globe 21 marketing development, explains that current and new affiliates will now have one year to ensure that their operations comply with Agenda 21
23、standards. If they fail the first inspection, they can only reapply once. The inspection process is not a cheap option, especially for large comp anies, but the benefits of having Green Globe status and the potential operatio nal cost savings that complying with the standards can bring should be sig
24、nificant. We have joint ventures with organizations around the world, including Australia and the Caribbean, that will allow us to effectively check all affiliate operators, says Miriam. The scheme also allows destination communities to become Green Globe 21 approved. 来自 Green Globe 21 营销发展部的 Miriam
25、 Cain 解释说，目前和新的关联公司现在有一年时间来确保其运营符合“21 世纪议程”标准。 如果他们第一次检查失败，他们只能重新申请一次。 检查过程不是一个便宜的选择，特别是对大型企业来说，但是具有绿色地球状态和符合标准可能带来的潜在运营成本节约的好处应该是重要的。 我们与世界各地的组织（包括澳大利亚和加勒比地区）建立了合资企业，这将使我们能够有效地检查所有关联运营商，Miriam 说。 该计划还允许目的地社区成为绿色地球 21 批准。For a relatively new industry it is not surprising that ecotourism has undergon
26、e teething pains. However, there are signs that things are changing for the better. With a committed and unified approach by the travel industry, local communities, travelers and environmental experts could make ecotourism a tag to be proud of and trusted. 对于一个相对较新的行业来说，生态旅游已经经历了牙齿疼痛并不奇怪。 然而，有迹象表明，事情正在改变更好。 通过旅游业的承诺和统一的方法，当地社区，旅行者和环境专家可以使生态旅游成为一个骄傲和信任的标签。
