1、1everyone 相当于 everybody，后面所跟谓语动词应为单 数Is everyone here today ?Everyone likes watching TV .everyone 与否定词连用表示部分否定。Everyone cant be a singer . 并不是每个人都能成为歌手everyone 与 everybody 只能指人，不能指物，后面不能接表示范 围的 of 短语every one 可以指人，也能指物，后面可接表示范围的 of 短语Every one of the windows is open .used to do sth. 过去常常做某事be used t
2、o do sth. 被用于做某事He used to get up early . 过去他经常早起The meat is used to feed the tigers . 肉被用来喂老虎be 后面一般跟四种形式：名词，表示是什么； 形容词，表示状态或者态度；动词 ing，表示 动作 正在进行的动作；动词过去分词被动语态He is a student .He is very happy .The window is broken .大部分动词过去式与过去分词相同，少部分不同：He broke the window yesterday .be 动词在一般疑 问句的肯定回答中不能 缩写Yes ,
3、hes . () Yes , he is . ()2grade 也可表示“ 等级、成绩”She got good grades . 她取得了好成绩over adv. 超过；遍及；翻倒；结束There are over fifty students in Class 6 . 六班有五十多名学生We have friends all over the world . 我们的朋友遍天下Dont knock over the glasses . 不要把那些玻璃杯子打翻了Class is over . 下课了look、see、watch、read 的区别look 指集中注意力地看，强调“看”的动作。 单
4、独使用时，用来引起 对方的注意；如果跟宾语，要和 at 连用。例如：Look ! Tom is over there . 看！汤姆在那儿Look at the blackboard , please . 请看黑板see 强调 “看”的结果，意为“看见、看到”。例如：How many birds can you see in the tree ? 你能看到 树上有多少只鸟儿？watch 强调“ 专注地看”，有欣赏的意味，常用于看电视、看球赛等。例如：Do you watch TV at night ? 你晚上看电视吗？read 指“看” 时实指“阅读” ，常用于看书、看报等。例如：I like
5、reading at home . 我喜欢在家看书put on、dress、wear、have on、in 的用法小结put on、dress、wear、have on、in 都含有“穿、戴”之意，但用法不同。put on、dress 主要表示动作；wear、have on、in 主要表示状态。put on“穿上、戴上”，强调“穿”“戴”的动作，后接衣服、鞋帽等。例如：Put on your heavy winter coat if you are going out. 如果你要出去，穿上你的厚冬衣3dress 的宾语通常是人，意思是“给穿衣服 ”。dress oneself 表示给自己穿衣服
6、。My son is now able to dress himself. 我儿子现 在自己会穿衣服了。be dressed in 的意思是“穿着”，表示状态。She is dressed in a fur coat. 她穿着毛皮大衣。wear“穿着；戴着” ，表示状态，宾语可以是衣帽，也可以是 饰物等。例如：Why does he often wear dark glasses? 他为什么 经常戴着深色的眼镜？have on 的意思是“ 穿着，戴着”，例如：Ill have on black pants tomorrow . 明天我会穿一条黑色的长裤。in 后接表示衣服或颜色的词，所构成的短
7、语只能作表语或定语。例如：This is a picture of a young man in a black coat .这是一张穿着黑色外套的年轻人的照片。 （in a black coat 是 young man 的定语）walk to 后面如果接副词，则省略 to；例如： walk home、walk therelisten 是指听的过程：听；hear 是指听的结果：听 见make sb. / sth. + adj.（形容词） 使某人 / 某物 The news makes us very happy .sometime 某个时候some time 一段时间sometimes 有时C
8、ome to see you sometime . 某个时候来看你We lived in the country for some time . 我们在农村住过一段时间He sometimes writes to me . 他有 时写信给我4fun 是不可数名词，没有复数形式I go to Shanghai only four times .How many times do you go to Shanghai ?She comes to our class three times a week .How often does she come to your class ?favourit
9、e 用作形容词时，没有比较级、最高级favourite = like bestWhat / How about ? （你觉得）怎么样？Why not do ？ 为什么不做呢？Shall we do ？ 我们做怎么样？Lets do , shall we ？ 我们做，怎么 样？What / How about a glass of milk ?What / How about going fishing this afternoon ?Why not go fishing this afternoon ?Shall we go fishing this afternoon ?Lets go fi
10、shing this afternoon , shall we ？else 可以带s 所有格形式This is someone elses book . 这是其他某个人的 书动名词做主语表示抽象动作；不定式做主语表示具体动作Smoking is prohibited（禁止） here .It is not very good for you to smoke so much .be free to do sth. 自由做某事5be free of sth. 远离；免于Nick is free to go into the teachers office. 尼克可以自由进入教师的办公室。The
11、area will be free of pollution by the year 2020 . 这个地区 2020 年将远离污染。今天是几月几号？Whats the date today ? = Whats todays date ? = What date is it today ?今天星期几？What day is it today ? = What day is today ?几点钟了？What time is it ? = Whats the time ?- Whats the date today ? -Its 1 October .- What day is it today
12、? -Its Friday .- What time is it ? -Its seven oclock .there be = have / hasThere are five rooms in the house . = The house has five rooms .on the wall 在墙上（在 墙表面）in the wall 在墙上（在 墙体内部）There is a picture on the wall .There is a window in the wall .get to 到达（后接地点）reach、arrive、get to 的区别reach 是及物 动词，后面
13、无须介词。arrive、get to是不及物动词；arrive 后面跟 at 或 in。如果后面是副 词，arrive、get to 省略介词（省略 at、in、to）。Please get here at six .6borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物Can I borrow a book from you ?辨别：May I borrow the book for two weeks ? ()May I keep the book for two weeks ? ()be interested in sth. 对某事感兴趣be interested in doing s
14、th. 对做某事感兴趣take a bus to = go by bus（某人）花费时间做某事It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. = Sb. spend some time doing sth.every day 每天（是一般现在时的标志）He does his homework every day .study 与 learn 的区别：learn学 习，学会（强调学习的结果）study学习，研究（强调学习的过程）listen to 与 hear 的区别：hear听见，听到（ 强调听的结果）listen to注意听（强调 听的动作）I would = Id
15、You would = Youdwould like 想would like to do sth. 想要做某事would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事7Would you like to dance with me ?肯定回答： Yes , Id love to . 否定回答： No , thank you . / No , I cant .so + 主语 + be / 助动词 / 情态动词 的确如此So he will / is . 的确如此in front of 在前面（外面）in the front of 在前面（内部）单数人称代词按“231” 排序；复数人称代
16、词按 “123”排序：You , he and I We , you and theyfew / a few 修饰可数名词，后面接可数名词 的复数形式；little / a little 修饰不可数名词。few / little几乎没有，表示否定；a few / a little几个、一些，表示肯定。It is from (place 1) to (place 2) 表示距离（从一个地方到另一个地方 ）It is a long way from my home to the school .help sb. do / with sth 帮助某人做某事（和某人一起做）help sb. to do
17、 sth. 帮助某人做某事（替某人做）be late for 迟到（后面跟名词）Im never late for it . 我从不迟到wake up sb. / wake sb. up 唤醒某人当 sb.为代词时，必 须放在 wake 和 up 之间8wake me upIts time to do sth. = Its time for sth. = Its time for doing sth. 该做某事的时候了to 后面跟单词原型，for 后面跟名词或者动名词Its time to have class . = Its time for class . = Its time for h
18、aving class .Its time for sb. to do sth. 该某人做某事的时候了Its time for him to go home . 是（该）他回家的时候了。at first 起先first of all 首先，最初At first we go to the zoo on foot . 起先我们步行去动物园。First of all , you should decide how to get there . 首先你应该决定怎样到那儿。practise sth. 练习某事practise doing sth. 练习做某事practise 后接动词：practise
19、doing（）；practise do（）；practise to do（）She usually practices running with me .look forward to (doing) sth. 期待（做）某事I look forward to your good news .Look forward to hearing from you .be good for 对有好处Running is good for us .wish sb. sth. 祝愿某人怎 样wish to do sth. 希望做某事9hope / wish to do sth. 希望做某事hope / w
20、ish doing （）hope sb. to do sth. （） wish sb. to do sth. （）always (100%) usually (80%) often (60%) sometimes (40%) seldom (20%) never (0%)What time 与 When 的区 别：What time 一般用来询问点钟，或具体哪个时刻发生（比较精准的时间）When 可以对点钟、日、月、年等进行提问（比较宽泛的时间）What time do you go to bed ? = When do you go to bed ?start 与 begin 的区别：大部分
21、情况可以互换，区别在于：（1）表示（机器）开始、启动时，只能用 start；（2）表示创办、开设时，只能用 startThe man cant start the car .He started a new shop last year .get ready 准备get ready for sth. / get ready to do sth. 为（做）某事作准备（强调动作）be ready for sth. / be ready to do sth. 为（做）某事作好准备（强调状态）They are getting ready for the trip .Please get ready t
22、o have a lesson .Are you ready for the trip .We are ready to welcome you .10need sb. or sth. 需要某人或某物need a good rest 需要好好休息一下need doing 需要/必须 （被）做 【用主动形式表达被动语态】need to do 需要/必须 做The bird needs looking after . = The bird needs to be looked after .Does anybody need to see the doctor ?一句话中，有两个或更多的时间状语时
23、，表示小范围的时间在前面，大的在后at eight in the morning from Monday to Fridaygo to bed 去睡觉go to sleep 入睡（强调由醒着到睡着的瞬间动作）be sleeping （一直）睡着between and 在和之间Im free between 8:00 a.m. and 10:00 a.m.too、as well、either、also 的用法：He studies hard and I study hard , too .She not only sings , and she plays the piano as well .
24、I cant speak French and cant write it , either .He is good at English . He is also good at French .Hows it going ? 近况如何have lunch 吃午饭go roller skating 去溜旱冰have fun doing sth. 愉快、有兴趣地做某事11each other 相互learn about sth. 学习有关 的东西learn from sb. 向某人学 习chat with / to sb. 与某人聊天meet with sb. / meet up with s
25、b. 和某人碰面、遇到be nice / good to 对很好（友好）thanks = thank youthank sb. for doing sth. 感谢某人做某事would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事would like to do sth. = want to do sth. 想要做某事too much / many 太多have time to do sth. 有时间做某事have much time to do sth. 有许多时间去做某事have no time to do sth. 没有时间做某事at the age of = at years
26、old 在岁时at Christmas / on Christmas Day 在圣诞节because 用于回答 why 引导的特殊疑问句-Why are you late ? -Because I get up late .对 by 提问用 how-How does your father go to work every day ? -By car .seem：看起来。四种用法 (1)主语 + seem + (to be) + 名词/形容词(2)主语 + seem + to do sth.(3)It seems that + 从句12(4)There + seem + (to be) + 名
27、词You seem very happy .Tom seems (to be) a very clever boy .Mrs Green doesnt seem to like the idea . = Mrs Green seems not to like the idea .It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park .There doesnt seem to be much hope . 看起来没有多大希望There seems no need to wait longer . 看起来没有再等的必要了eve n.前夜如
28、果节假日中有 Day / Eve，一般用介词 on，否则用介词 aton New Years Day 在新年on New Years Eve 在除夕at Christmas动词 + 副词 + 代词做 宾语时，代词必须放在动词和副词之间wake him up、pick it up、look it upbe on holiday 在度假go on holiday 去度假go to a place for a/ones holiday 去某地度假They are on holiday in Beijing .Theyll go on holiday at the seaside .Theyll go
29、 to the seaside for a holiday .be made of sth. 用某物做成（能看出原材料）be made from sth. 用某物做成（不能看出原材料）The kite is made of paper .13The paper is made from wood .make sth2 out of sth1 用某物 1 制成某物 2主将从现：在含有条件状语从句或时间状语从句的复合句中，如果主句表示将来，那么从句用一般现在时。If it is fine tomorrow , we will go to the park .I will tell him abou
30、t it when he comes .在下面below 、under（正下方）在上面above、over（正上方）、on（有接触面）paint sth. 用颜料涂某物paint sth. + colour 用颜料把某物涂成某种颜 色They paint the walls blue .Which is your favourite ? = Which do you like best ? 哪一个是你最喜欢的感叹句通常有 What、How 引导，意思为：多么 。What 修饰名词，How 修饰形容词或副词。句子结构主要有以下几种：(1)How + 形容词或副 词 + 陈述语序How cleve
31、r he is !(2)What + a + 形容词 + 名词 + 陈述语序What a clever boy he is !(3)What + 形容词 + 复数名词 + 陈述语序What wonderful ideas we have !(4)What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 陈述语 序14What cold weather it is !感叹句的省略形式为：What a clever boy ( he is ) !数词 + more + 名词 = another + 数词 + 名词：再多一点five more minutes = another five minutes 再多五分
32、钟five more books 再多五本 书one more time 再来一次get together 聚会do sth. together with sb. 和某人一起做某事exciting adj.令人兴奋 的 excited adj.感到兴奋的worrying adj.令人担心的 worried adj.感到担心的tiring adj.令人疲倦的 tired adj.感到疲倦的celebrate (for) sth. 庆 祝某事celebrate sth. with sb. 和某人一起庆祝某事thank sb. for (doing) sth. 因为（做）某事而感 谢某人Thank
33、you for (doing) sth. = Thanks for (doing) sth. 因为（做）某事而感谢你give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 给某人某物give sb. sth. as a treat = give sb. a treat of sth. = treat sb. with sth. 给某人某物作为招待tell sb. (about) sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不）做某事around the world = all over the world
34、全世界go to by bus = go to on the bus = take the bus to 乘公交车去let off = set off 放烟花；使爆炸15reach = arrive at / in = get toshout at / to sb. 对某人大喊大叫have sth. for breakfast / lunch / supper /dinner 吃某物作为早餐 / 午餐 / 晚餐take a photo / photos 拍照find out 找出；发现dress up as 装扮成 play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人at present 现在，目
35、前have shows about sth. 举办关于某物的表演Its ones first time to do sth. 那是某人初次做某事be full of sth. 充满某物；装满某物full moon 圆月；满月after 与 in 的用法区别：均可与一段时间连用。after 表示以过去时间为起点的一段时间以后，因此通常与过去时连用；而 in 则表示从现在算起的一段时间以后，通常用于将来时或含有将来意义的句子。He came back after three days . 三天后他回来了。Ill come back in three days . 我三天后回来。I think he
36、 can come back in three days . 我想他三天后可以回来。after 除与时间段连用外，还可与时间点连用，此时则可用于将来时（但是 in 不能与时间点连用）。He will arrive after five oclock . 他五点钟以后到。形容词修饰 something / anything / nothing / everything 等不定代词，形容词必须摆在不定代词后面。something hard16give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.给某人某物；如果 sb.和 sth.都是代词，那么只能用 give sth. to sb.形式
37、Please give me them . () Please give them to me . ()Give me ten . 给我十个。more and more 结构（比较级重复），意思为“越来越”In spring , days get longer and longer .some 和 any 的区别：some 常用在肯定句中，any 常用在否定句和疑问句中；但是在表示建议、请求、反问的疑问句中，用 some 而不用 any。疑问句中，如果没有或者可能没有物品，用 any；否则用 some。I have some tea .I cant see any tea .Do you ha
38、ve any friends at school ?Would you like some coffee ? 你要不要来点咖啡？change sth. for 用某物换来change sth. into 将某物变成Im thinking of changing my car for a new one. 我想用我的车换一辆新车。He changed his dollars into RMB . 他把美元换成了人民币。need sth. 需要某物need to do sth. 需要做某事need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事sth. need doing = sth. need
39、to be done 某物需要被做17上述 sth. need doing 用主动形式表示被动意义The radio needs mending . 这台收音机需要修理。对 must 引导的一般疑问句，否定回答常用 No , neednt .-Mom , must I finish my home work now ? -No , you neednt .kilo 的复数为 kilostwo kilos of sth. 两公斤某物表示地点时，at 后面一般跟小地点，in 后面一般跟较大的地方；但是，小地方如果看作地点用 at，看作场所用 inI met him at the post-offi
40、ce . Im now working in the post-office .make sb. / sth. + adj. 使某人/某物达到某种状态keep sb. / sth. + adj. 使某人/某物保持某种状 态keep doing sth. 继续做某事；反复做某事keep sb. doing sth. 使某人持续不停地做某事We should keep our classroom clean .Why do you keep laughing all the time ? 为什么你一直在笑？keep fit = keep healthy 保持健康keep sb. / sth. aw
41、ay 使某人/某物离开；使某人 /某物不接近keep away from 远离We use fire to keep the animals away .plan to do sth. 计划/打算做某事plan 还可以做名 词，常用形式为：plan for + 名词 / 动名词；意思为“有关的计划”We are planning to start next week .18I have a plan for overcoming the difficulty. 我有了一个克服困难的计划。be important for sb. 对 某人很重要It is + adj. + for / of sb
42、. to do sth. 对某人而言，做某事是的It is dangerous for / of us to play on the street .all 与 whole 在表示“整个的 ”意思时， all 要放在限定词之前，whole 要放在限定词之后；常用的有：all the + 名词、the whole + 名词。all the night = the whole night 整个晚上feel like doing sth . 想做某事He feels like going to bed . 他想去睡觉。too much 太多much too 太；特别Dont eat too much
43、 fast food .The question is much too difficult .less than 少于more than = over 多于less than 与 more than 都放在数词之前health：n.健康healthy：adj.健康的healthily：adv.健康地We should eat healthily .give sb. energy for 给某人提供的能量give sb. energy for doing sth. 给某人提供做某事的能量Breakfast can give me energy for the whole morning .19
44、order sb. (not) to do sth. 命令某人（不）做某事in order 整整齐齐out of order 混乱stop doing sth. 停止做某事；指停止做原来的事stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事；指停下原来的事而做其它事，后面接的事是要去做的事be good for sb. 对某人有益be bad for sb. = be not good for sb. 对某人不好point out 指出point to 指向point at 指着（某一物体）let sb. (not) do sth. 使某人（不）做某事buy sb. sth. = buy sth.
45、 for sb. 给某人买某物(the) number of 的数量at noon 在中午tasty adj.味道好的be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事没有这种用法be busy to do sth.；但是有：be too busy to do sth. 太忙而不能做某事too to 太而不能here 用于倒装句时，如果主语是名词，那么主语放在谓语动词之后；如果主语是20代词，那么主语放在谓语动词之前。Here is my kite .Here comes the bus .Here they are .have an idea 有主意；认为have no idea 不知道ide
46、a 在表示“关于的想法/主意” 时，后面要用 of 介词短语来修饰，不可以用 to do 的形式来修饰。Do you like the idea to go swimming now ? ()Do you like the idea of going swimming now ? ()be interested in (doing) sth. = take an interest in (doing) sth.对（做）某事感兴趣Im interested in the TV play .We take an interest in the TV play .cost v.花费；值（多少钱）co
47、st 的主 语只能是物不能是人；后接金钱、时间sth. cost sb. + money / time 某物花了某人金钱/时间spend 的用法：spend 的主语只能是人sb. spend money / time on sth. 某人在某事/某物上花费金钱/时间sb. spend money / time (in) doing sth. 某人在做某事上花 费金钱/时间take 的用法（只能用于时间）做某事花了某人 时间：It takes sb. some time to do sth.Doing sth. takes sb. some timeI spent two hours on th
48、is Maths problem .21They spent two years (in) building the bridge .pay只能用于金 钱pay sb. 付款给某人pay for sth. 付款买某物pay for sb. 替某人付款pay（sb.）some money for sth. 付（某人）钱买 某物He paid me five yuan . 他付了我五元钱。He cant pay for the TV set at the moment . 他现在还不能付款买这台电视机。Ill pay for you . 我会给你付钱的。I paid 10 yuan for the book . 我付了十元钱买这 本书。I paid the shopkeeper 10 yuan for the book . 我付了店主十元钱买这本书。How much do/does sth. cost ? = How much is/are sth. ? = Whats the price of sth. ?某物多少钱？How much do the apples cost ? = How much are the apples ? = Whats the price of the apples ?enough 修饰 名词时可以放在名 词的前面或后
