1、1【高中语法状语从句专辑】状语从句和名词性从句、定语从句一样是高考的高频考点。通过对近年高考题的分析，可以预测2012年对状语从句的考查仍将集中在对引导几大状语从句的连词的考查上。状语从句是一种作状语用的从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词或修饰全句，补充说明时间、地点、原因、条件、方式、程度、状态等。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点。九种状语从句及常见的引导词1、【时间状语从句】：when,while,as,before,after,since（自从以来）,till(until),assoonas(刚一马上就),once(一旦),whenever等。特殊
2、引导词：theminute,themoment,thesecond,everytime,theday，theinstant=instantly,immediately,directly, nosoonerthan, hardlywhen, scarcelywhen(1)while引导的时间从句的谓语必须是延续性动词，常用进行时态。如果while表示“然而”的时候，就不是时间状语从句；表示“虽然”的时候，是让步状语从句，这是必须放句首且不能倒装。(2)when除了表示“当时”（两个短暂性动作同时发生），还可以表示“就在那时”，在前一个动作刚结束时就发生的新动作。如Ijustlockedmydoo
3、rwhenthepostmanarrived.(3)as和when一样，表示两个短暂性动作同时发生，还可表示“一边一边”“随着”(4)党表示“一就”的连接词时，可以用到nosoonerthan, hardlywhen, scarcelywhen，但是当hardly,scarcely,nosooner放于句首时，主句必须部分倒装；主句时态用过去完成时，从句用一般过去式。如：Nosoonerhadhesatdownthanthebellrang. HardlyhadIarrivedtherewhenitbegantorain. (5)before是高考常考的连接词，表示“在做成某事前，需要多久”，
4、常用过去时和将来时中。(6)notuntil，在强调句中，要用到Itis(was)notuntilthat；而notuntil置于句首时，需要部分倒装。(7)since常用的句型是：Itis(hasbeen)+时间since+过去时从句。表示从过去的某时开始持续到现在的影响。如果主句用过去时，从句则一般使用过去完成时。(8)在时间状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，那么从句需要用一般现在时（主将从现）。(9)whenever引导时间状语从句，如Giveusacallwheneveryouneedourservice.虽然此处可以等于nomatterwhen,意义一致，但nomatterwhen只
5、能引导让步状语从句，意为“不管什么时候”。(10)时间状语从句也可用分词来表示。如Thinkingofhim,shecouldnthelpweeping.此时thinkingofhim=whenshethoughtofhim.（2011四川卷）6Asitreported,itis100years_TsinghuaUniversitywasfounded【D】Awhen Bbefore Cafter Dsince2、【地点状语从句】：where和wherever。(1)where引导的状语从句常放谓语动词之后，没有先行词！(有了先行词就是定语从句了，所以状语从句中的where不能和inwhich
6、等互换)（2）wherever表示“无论什么地方”，既可引导地点状语从句，也可做让步状语从句=nomatterwhere，引导地点状语时，它总是放主句的谓语动词后，做让步状语从句时，它总是放主句前。Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.Generally,airwillbeheavilypollutedwheretherearefactories.Whereveryougo,youshouldworkhard.whatIlikemostisthatyoucanuseEnglishwhereveryougointheworld.3、【原因状语从句】：because,as,f
7、or,since,nowthat.(1)回答why的疑问句，只能用because回答；并且强调句中，对原因状语强调时，只能用because引导，如ItwasbecauseIgotuplatethatIwaslateforclass.(2)as语气比because弱(3)since=nowthat，表“既然”，表明显的原因或事实，总是位于主句前。Nowthat具有时间概念，所引导的谓语动词多为现在时态。(4)for引导的从句只能放在主句之后，且常常用逗号隔开。还可表示把结果为原因，倒果为因的用法。如：Itismorningnow,forthebirdsaresinging再如：2Itmustha
8、verainedlastnightforthegroundiswetthismorning（两句中for都表结果，倒果为因）特殊引导词：seeingthat,inthat,consideringthat,giventhat。(1)inthat是复合连词，表示“在于，在方面”;(2)consideringthat=seeingthat意为“既然；”“考虑到”，如：consideringthatIcantaffordanothertestfee,Imustpassitthistime. (3)所有引导原因状语的单词，都不能和so连用。（2010辽宁）29.The old man asked Luc
9、y to move to another chair _ he wanted to sit next to his wife.【C】Aalthough Bunless Cbecause Dif4、【目的状语从句】：sothat（以便）,inorderthat（以便），lest, incase, forfearthat,inthehopethat,forthepurposethat, totheendthat等。(1)lest,incase,forfearthat意为“以防万一”，引导的目的状语从句经常要使用虚拟语气；(2)sothat从句常放主句后，inorderthat放在主句前或后都可以。
10、(3)sothat既可做目的状语从句，也可作结果状语从句。关键看是否有情态动词。当从句谓语动词有情态动词时，为目的状语从句，如JusttellmewhatsubjectyoudlikemetotalkonsothatIcouldgetsomenotesready.若从句谓语不用情态动词，而多用过去时，则该句是结果状语从句。如：ItookanearlybussothatIgotthereintime. Wecleanedoffthefallenleaves,sothatthegardenlookedtidier.（2011山东卷）28Hehadhiscameraready_hesawsometh
11、ingthatwouldmakeagoodpicture【C】Aevenif Bifonly Cincase Dsothat5、【结果状语从句】：sothat, sothat, suchthat (1)sothat做目的状语从句和结果状语从句的区别，上面已经讲到了。(2)so+形容词(副词)+that.; such+(形容词)+名词+that; (3)遇到many,much,few,little表数量的形容词时，不管后面有没有名词，前面都要用so。注意例外：suchalittleboy(此处little是“小”的意思)(4)sothat或suchthat置于句首时，则要部分倒装。Hegotup
12、soearlythathecaughtthefirstbus.Itssuchagoodchancethatwemustnotmissit.SuchacolddaywasthatSundaythatwehadtostayathome.Somuchdidtheyeatthattheycouldnotmoveforthenexthour.6、【条件状语从句】：if, unless, ifonly, as(so)longas, supposingthat, providingthat, onconditionthat, giventhat都可引导条件状语从句。(1)unless意为“除非，如果不”=i
13、fnot (2)ifonly必须用虚拟语气。(3)as(so)longas意为“只要”，没区别，但除非表示“与一样长”的时候，这时solongas则常用于否定句。(4)supposingthat=supposethat表假设(5)providingthat=providedthat,意为“如果，只要”。(6)onconditionthat表示“以为条件”。(7)giventhat意为“倘若考虑到”。(8)if条件句有时可以用祈使句或分词来替换，如：Thinkhard,youllcomeupwithagoodidea.Notgivingup,youwillbeabletosucceed. (8)
14、条件状语从句的主句是将来时的时候，从句一般使用一般现在时。（主将从现）（2010上海）39. ourmanageobjectstoTomsjoiningtheclub,weshallaccepthimasamember.【B】A.Until B.Unless C.If D.After7、【方式状语从句】：as,asif/though,theway。(1)asif=asthough,意为“好想，仿佛”，用法相同，从句即可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气(非真实假设)。(2)as意为“像，犹如，正如”。(3)theway意为“的样子”，相当于“theway(that/inwhich)”引导的定语从句。W
15、heninRome,doastheRomando. Shebehavedasifsheweretheboss.Sometimesweteachourchildrenthewayourparentshavetaughtus（2011湖南卷）33Jackwasntsayinganythingbuttheteachersmiledathim_hehaddonesomethingveryclever【A】A.asif B.incase C.while D.though38、【比较状语从句】：这个状语从句和形容词、副词的比较级关系很大，常见的关系词有：asas,notso/asas,than等引导。在这
16、种状语从句中如果谓语动词与主句一致时，或省略，或用替代词do,does,did特殊引导词：themorethemore;justas，so;AistoBwhat/asXistoY;nomorethan;notAsomuchasB表示倍数的表示法：(1)Aistwice/threetimesbigger/longer.thanB; (2) Aistwice/threetimesasbig/longasB (3)Aistwice/threetimesthesize/length/height/ageofB.请同学们写：我的年龄可是你的两倍哦。(1)(2) (3)翻译：Sheisasbad-temp
17、eredashermother.Thehouseisthreetimesasbigasours.Themoreyouexercise,thehealthieryouwillbe.Foodistomenwhatoilistomachine.（2010全国）26.Ihaveseldomseenmymother_pleasedwithmyprogressassheisnow.【A】A.so B.very C.too D.rather9、【让步状语从句】：though, although, even if, even though, despite the fact that, whoever, wh
18、atever,whichever,whenever,wherever,however,nomatterwho/what/which/when/where/how,whether都可以引导让步状语从句。(1) as用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装，常倒装表语，没有表语倒装状语，没有状语，倒装部分谓语。如果表语是名词，倒装时不能加任何冠词，如Teacherasheis,hecantinstructhisownchildwell.再如：MuchasIrespecthim,Icantagreetohisproposal.(状语提前) (2)while=although，从句只能用在句首，而且不能倒装。(3
19、)evenif=eventhough，意为“即使”。如：Theoldmanalwaysenjoysswimmingeventhoughtheweatherisrough. (4)although引导的让步状语从句常放句首，不能倒装。(5)though引导的让步状语从句可倒装，也可以不倒装，句前句后都可以。(6)despitethefactthat=inspiteofthefactthat意为“不管”。(7)whetherornot意为“无论（是否）”，如：Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue. (8)however+形容词/副词=nomatterhow+形容词/副
20、词.意为“无论多么”，如：Nomatterhowhardhetried,shecouldnotchangehermind.(9)whever等一系列连词，都可以等于nomatterwh-，但是whever既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。而nomatterwh只能引导让步状语从句，绝不能引导名词性从句。如：Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.=Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.再如：（错）No matter what you say is of no use now.（对）Whatever you say is of n
21、o use now.(Whateveryousay是主语从句)；再看：（错）Prisonershavetoeatnomatterwhattheyregiven,（对）Prisonershavetoeatwhatevertheyregiven.（10）让步状语从句都不能和but连用，但有时可与yet连用。（2011天津卷）5. regular exercise is very importantIts never a good idea to exercise too close tobedtime【C】AIt BAs CAlthough DUnless【状语从句高考真题练习】1.（2011江西
22、卷）29Pleasecallmysecretarytoarrangeameetingthisafternoon,or_itisconvenienttoyouAwhenever Bhowever Cwhichever Dwherever答案【A】考查状语从句。句中thisafternoon指时间,所以or_itisconvenienttoyou也指时间。故选择A。2.（2011辽宁卷）25Nomatterhow ,itisnotnecessarilylifelessAadesertmaybedry Bdryadesertmaybe Cmayadesertbedry Ddrymayadesertb
23、e答案【D】考查状语从句。Nomatterhow修饰形容词，并且从句倒装，所以选择D。43.（2011全国新课标卷）22Try shemight,SuecouldntgetthedooropenAif Bwhen Csince Das答案【D】考查状语从句。As引导让步状语从句倒装，所以选择D。4.（2011福建卷）33ItwasApril29,2011 PrinceWilliamandKateMiddletonwalkedintothepalacehalloftheweddingceremonyAthat Bwhen Csince Dbefore答案【B】考查状语从句。主句ItwasApri
24、l29,2011后是时间状语从句。所以选择B。5.（10福建）26.Thegirlhadhardlyrungthebell thedoorwasopenedsuddenly,andherfriendrushedouttogreether. A.before B.until C.as D.since答案：A6.（10上海）39. ourmanageobjectstoTomsjoiningtheclub,weshallaccepthimasamember.A.Until B.Unless C.If D.After答案：B7.（10安徽）29.Theengineersaresobusythatthe
25、yhavezerotimeforoutdoorsportsactivities,_theyhavetheinterest. A.wherever B.whenever C.evenif D.asif答案：C.8Justusethisroomforthetimebeing,andwellofferyoualargerone_itbecomesavailableA.assoonas B.unless C.asfaras D.until答案：A.9.（10江西）22Ourholidaycostalotofmoney.Didit?Well,thatdoesntmatter_youenjoyedyour
26、selves.A.aslongas B.unless C.assoonas D.though答案：A10.（10全国）25.Marymadecoffee_herguestswerefinishingtheirmeal.A.sothat B.although C.while D.asif答案：C11.Thelittleboywontgotosleep_hismothertellshimastory.A.or B.unless C.but D.whether答案：B12.（10辽宁）29.TheoldmanaskedLucytomovetoanotherchair_hewantedtositnex
27、ttohiswife.Aalthough Bunless Cbecause Dif答案：C13.（10辽宁）34.Itsnousehavingideasonly.Dontworry.Petercanshowyou_toturnanideaintoanact. A.how B.who C.what D.where答案：A14.（10北京）theydecidewhichcollegetogoto,studentsshouldresearchtheadmissionprocedures.A.As B.While C.Until D.Once答案：D15.（2011天津卷）regular exerci
28、se is very importantIts never a good idea to exercise too closetobedtime【C】AIt BAs CAlthough DUnless16.（2011江西卷）29Pleasecallmysecretarytoarrangeameetingthisafternoon,or_itisconvenienttoyou【A】Awhenever Bhowever Cwhichever Dwherever17.（2011四川卷）4Frankinsistedthathewasnotasleep Ihadgreatdifficultyinwaki
29、nghimup【B】Awhether Balthough Cfor Dso18.（2011北京卷）volleyballishermainfocus,shesalsogreatatbasketball【D】5ASince BOnce CUnless DWhile19.（2011四川卷）Asitreported,itis100years_TsinghuaUniversitywasfounded【D】Awhen Bbefore Cafter Dsince20.（2011全国II）Itwasanicemeal,_alittleexpensive【A】Athough Bwhether Cas Dsinc
30、e21.（2011陕西卷）_allofthemarestrongcandidates,onlyonewillbechosenforthepost【B】ASince BWhile CIf DAs22.（2011辽宁卷）25Nomatterhow ,itisnotnecessarilylifeless【D】A.adesertmaybedry B.dryadesertmaybe C.mayadesertbedry D.drymayadesertbe23.（2011辽宁卷）29Hehadnosoonerfinishedhisspeech thestudentsstartedcheering【D】A.s
31、ince B.as C.when D.than24.（2011全国新课标卷）22Try shemight,Suecouldntgetthedooropen【D】A.if B.when C.since D.as25.（2011浙江卷）OneFriday,wewerepackingtoleaveforaweekendaway_ mydaughterbeardcriesforhelp【D】Aafter Bwhile Csince Dwhen26.（2011湖南卷）33 Jack wasnt saying anything but the teacher smiled at him _ he had donesomethingveryclever【A】Aasif Bincase Cwhile Dthough27.（2011山东卷）28Hehadhiscameraready_hesawsomethingthatwouldmakeagoodpicture【C】Aevenif Bifonly Cincase Dsothat28.（2011重庆卷）30Toshow ourrespect, weusually have to take ourgloves off we areto shakehandswith【C】Awhichever Bwhenever Cwhoever Dwherever
