1、 形容词的比较级和最高级一、比较级的定义：大多数的形容词都有三个级别：原级、比较级、最高级。其中比较级表示“更”，用于两者之间的比较，用来说明“前者比后者更”，比较级前面一般用 much, even, a little 修饰，其中 even, much 只能修饰比较级。二、比较级的构成：（1）规则变化：单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加-er Eg: calm-calmer tall-taller smart-smarter以字母 e 结尾的直接在词尾加-r Eg: nice-nicer fine-finer large-larger以“辅音+y 结尾的词，变 y 为 i，再加-er” E
2、g: early-earlier happy-happier busy-busier以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写辅音字母，再加-er Eg: big-bigger thin-thinner hot-hotter多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加 more Eg: popular-more popular important-more important（2）不规则变化：少数形容词的比较级变化是不规则的：good-better bad/ill-worse many/much-more little-less far-farther/further old-older/elder三
3、、比较级的用法:(一) 当两个人或事物（A 和 B）进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的原级或者比较级1表达“A 和 B 一样”，用 asas 的结构。公式: A+be 动词+as+形容词原级+as+B; A+实义动词+as+副词原级+as+BEg:I am as tall as you.我和你一样高。 He runs as fast as I. 他跑得和我一样快。2表达“A 不如 B”用 not asas 的结构。公式: A+be 动词的否定形式+as+形容词原级+as+B; A+助词的否定形式+动词+as+形容词原级+as+BEg:I am not as tall as you.我没有
4、你高。 He doesnt run as fast as I. 他没有我跑得快。3表达“A 大于 B”用“比较级+than”的结构。公式: A+be 动词+形容词比较级+than+B; A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+BEg：I am taller than you.我比你高。 He runs faster than I. 他跑得比我快。(二) 关于形容词、副词比较级的更多用法1比较级前面可以加上表示“优劣程度”的词或短语，是“更”，“ 得”。常见 much, a little, even, a lot, a great deal 等。Eg：He is much taller than I
5、.他比我要高得多。I jump a little higher than he.我跳得比他高一点点。想一想，这些词能修饰形容词或副词的原级吗？2.比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构,表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“ 长多少”，“短多少”等。Eg：I am two years older than he.我比他大两岁。 This building is 20 meters higher than that one. 3“比较级+and+ 比较级”表示“越来越”。It is getting warmer and warmer天气越来越暖和。 He is running faster and
6、 faster他跑得越来越快。0ur country is becoming more and more beautiful我们祖国越来越美了。4“the more， the more”表示“越，就越”，The more，the better.多多益善。The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心，犯错就越少。5“the moreof the two”表示“两个当中较。的一个”The taller of the two boys is my brother.四、当三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时，我们需要用到形容
7、词（副词）的最高级1表达“是中最的”,用“the+形容词（副词）的最高级 ”的结构。后面可以加上表示范围的介词短语或从句。公式：主语+be 动词+the +形容词最高级+（名词）+表示范围的介词短语或从句主语+实义动词+ （the ） +形容词最高级+ 表示范围的介词短语或从句Eg:He is the tallest (student) in our class. He jumps the highest of the three boys. This is the best book that I have ever read.2表示“最的中一个”，用“one of +the +最高级+ 复
8、数名词”的结构来表达。Eg：He is one of the best students in our class.他是我们班最好的学生之一。This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden.这是花园里最漂亮的花之。注意：(一) 形容词的最高级前面有定冠词 the , 而副词的最高级前面定冠词 the 可以省略。但在形容词最高级前有物主代词时，不能要定冠词 the.（二）常见的用来表示范围的介词有 in, of, among五、运用形容词、副词比较级应当注意的问题：(一) 、按语法规则，than 后面的人称代词应当用主格，但口语当中
9、有时会用宾格代替主格。Eg：He is more careful than I (me).(二) 、只有同类的事物才能比较Eg：Her bag is bigger than mine. 不能说 Her bag is bigger than I.The weather of Kunming is much better than that of Shenyang.不能说 The weather of Kunming is much better than Shenyang.形容词副词比较级和最高级专练用所给词的正确形式填空：1.He ran _ than all the others. He r
10、an _ of all. ( fast )2. James played as _ as you. Mary played _of all. ( well )3. She waited _ than she usually did. ( long )4. I walked _ than the rest. I walked _ of all. ( far )5.My friend came _ than Pual and Mike. ( late )6.Among the three boys he works _. ( hard )7.Bob left school _ in his cla
11、ss yesterday. ( late )8.He swims as _ as I do. ( badly )9.Who did _ in the 100-metre race, Jim or Tim? ( badly )10. Both Li Ming and Li Hong sang _, but I sang _ of all. ( badly )11. Peter is as _ as Tom. Benny is _ than Tom. David is _ of all. ( fat )12. Li Li found _ mushrooms than I did. ( many )
12、13. The elephant is _ than any other animals. ( big )14. Man is _ than animals. ( much clever )15. Lesson Two is a bit _ than Lesson One. ( easy )16. Im _ boy under the sun. ( happy )17. Today is _ than yesterday. ( hot )18. An elephant is _ than a tiger. It is _ animal on land. ( big )19. Mr. Li is
13、 _ than your uncle. ( thin )20. Which book is _, yours or mine? ( thick )21. This park is much _ than that one. ( beautiful )22. The first book is more useful than the second one.The second book is _ than the first one. ( useful )23. Allan is _ of the three boys. ( strong )24. His marks are _ than h
14、is friends ( bad )25. It is _ to do this maths problem than to do that one. ( easy )26. My house is _ to the farm than yours. ( far )27. My work is more important than yours. Your work is _ than mine. ( important )28. Climbing this hill is _. Climbing that hill is _. Climbing Mt. Everest is _ of all
15、. ( dangerous )29. Mt. Everest is _ than the Mont-Blanc. ( high )30. My mother drives very carefully. She is a _ driver than my father. ( careful ).31. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _ (clever).32. Gold(黄金) is _ (little) useful than iron(铁).33. My sister is two years _ (old ) than I.34. Johns par
16、ents have four daughters, and she is the _ (young) child.35. The _ (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones.36. The short one is by far _ expensive of the five.37. The boy is not so _ (interesting) as his brother.38. Dick sings _ (well), she sings _(well) than John, but Mary sings_(well) in her class.39. She will be much _ (happy) in her mew house.40. This dress is _ that.(twice, asas, expensive)
