1、1IELTS, TOEFL 考试必备之 AWL IntroductionThe Academic Word List was developed by Averil Coxhead as her MA thesis at the School of Linguistics and Applied Language Studies at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand. The list contains 570 word families which were selected according to principles out
2、lined below. The list does not include words that are in the most frequent 2000 words of English. The AWL was primarily made so that it could be used by teachers as part of a programme preparing learners for tertiary level study or used by students working alone to learn the words most needed to stu
3、dy at tertiary institutions. The Academic Word List replaces the University Word List.Sublists of the Academic Word ListEach word in italics is the most frequently occurring member of the word family in the Academic Corpus. For example, analysis is the most common form of the word family analyse. Br
4、itish and American spelling is included in the word families, so contextualise and contextualize are both included in the family context.Sublist 1 contains the most common words in the AWL. Sublist 2 contains the next most common words, and so on. There are 60 families in each sublist, except for su
5、blist 10 which has 30.Sublist 1 of the Academic Word Listanalyseanalysedanalyseranalysersanalysesanalysinganalysisanalystanalystsanalyticanalyticalanalyticallyanalyzeanalyzedanalyzesanalyzingapproachapproachableapproachedapproachesapproachingunapproachableareaareas assessassessableassessedassessesas
6、sessingassessmentassessmentsreassessreassessed reassessing reassessmentunassessedassumeassumedassumesassumingassumptionassumptionsauthorityauthoritative authoritiesavailableavailabilityunavailable2benefit beneficialbeneficiarybeneficiariesbenefitedbenefitingbenefits concept conception conceptsconcep
7、tualconceptualisationconceptualiseconceptualisedconceptualisesconceptualisingconceptuallyconsistconsistedconsistencyconsistentconsistentlyconsistingconsistsinconsistencies inconsistencyinconsistentconstitute constituencies constituencyconstituent constituents constitutedconstitutes constitutingconst
8、itutionconstitutions constitutionalconstitutionallyconstitutiveunconstitutionalcontextcontextscontextualcontextualise contextualised contextualising uncontextualised contextualize contextualized contextualizing uncontextualized contractcontractedcontractingcontractorcontractorscontracts createcreate
9、dcreatescreatingcreationcreationscreativecreativelycreativitycreatorcreatorsrecreaterecreatedrecreatesrecreatingdatadefinedefinabledefined definesdefiningdefinitiondefinitionsredefineredefinedredefinesredefiningundefinedderivederivationderivationsderivative derivatives derived derivesderivingdistrib
10、utedistributeddistributingdistribution distributional distributionsdistributivedistributor distributorsredistributeredistributedredistributesredistributingredistributioneconomyeconomiceconomicaleconomicallyeconomics economieseconomisteconomistsuneconomicalenvironment environmental environmentalist e
11、nvironmentalists environmentallyenvironmentsestablishdisestablish disestablisheddisestablishesdisestablishingdisestablishmentestablishedestablishesestablishingestablishmentestablishmentsestimate 3estimatedestimates estimatingestimationestimationsover-estimateoverestimateoverestimatedoverestimatesove
12、restimatingunderestimateunderestimatedunderestimatesunderestimatingevidentevidencedevidenceevidential evidentlyexportexportedexporterexportersexportingexportsfactorfactoredfactoringfactorsfinancefinancedfinancesfinancialfinanciallyfinancier financiersfinancingformulaformulaeformulasformulateformulat
13、edformulatingformulationformulationsreformulatereformulatedreformulatingreformulationreformulationsfunctionfunctionalfunctionallyfunctionedfunctioningfunctionsidentifyidentifiable identification identifiedidentifies identifyingidentitiesidentityunidentifiable incomeincomesindicate indicatedindicates
14、 indicating indication indicationsindicativeindicatorindicatorsindividual individualisedindividualityindividualismindividualistindividualistsindividualisticindividuallyindividuals interpretinterpretationinterpretations interpretative interpretedinterpreting interpretiveinterpretsmisinterpretmisinter
15、pretationmisinterpretationsmisinterpretedmisinterpretingmisinterpretsreinterpretreinterpretedreinterpretsreinterpretingreinterpretationreinterpretationsinvolveinvolvedinvolvementinvolvesinvolvinguninvolvedissueissuedissuesissuinglabourlaborlaboredlaborslabouredlabouringlabourslegalillegal illegality
16、illegallylegalitylegallylegislatelegislatedlegislateslegislatinglegislationlegislativelegislator4legislatorslegislaturemajor majoritiesmajoritymethodmethodicalmethodologicalmethodologiesmethodologymethods occuroccurredoccurrence occurrencesoccurringoccursreoccur reoccurred reoccurringreoccurs percen
17、t percentagepercentagesperiodperiodicperiodicalperiodicallyperiodicalsperiodspolicypolicies principleprincipledprinciplesunprincipledproceedproceduralprocedureproceduresproceededproceedingproceedingsproceedsprocessprocessedprocessesprocessing requirerequiredrequirementrequirements requiresrequiringr
18、esearchresearchedresearcherresearchers researchesresearchingrespondrespondedrespondentrespondentsrespondingrespondsresponseresponsesresponsiveresponsivenessunresponsive rolerolessectionsectionedsectioningsections sectorsectorssignificantinsignificantinsignificantlysignificancesignificantly signified
19、signifiessignifysignifyingsimilardissimilarsimilaritiessimilarity similarlysourcesourcedsources sourcingspecificspecificallyspecification specificationsspecificityspecificsstructurerestructurerestructuredrestructuresrestructuringstructuralstructurallystructured structuresstructuringunstructuredtheor
20、ytheoreticaltheoreticallytheoriestheoristtheoristsvaryinvariableinvariablyvariabilityvariable variablesvariablyvariancevariantvariantsvariationvariations variedvariesvarying56Sublist 2 of the Academic Word Listachieve achievableachievedachievementachievementsachievesachievingacquireacquired acquires
21、acquiringacquisitionacquisitionsadministrateadministratesadministration administrations administrative administrativelyadministratoradministratorsaffectaffectedaffectingaffectiveaffectivelyaffectsunaffectedappropriate appropriacyappropriatelyappropriatenessinappropriacy inappropriateinappropriatelya
22、spectaspectsassistassistance assistantassistantsassistedassistingassistsunassistedcategory categoriescategorisationcategorisecategorisedcategorisescategorisingcategorizationcategorizedcategorizescategorizing chapterchapterscommissioncommissionedcommissionercommissionerscommissioningcommissionscommun
23、itycommunitiescomplex complexitiescomplexity compute computationcomputationalcomputationscomputablecomputercomputedcomputerisedcomputerscomputingconcludeconcludedconcludesconcludingconclusionconclusions conclusiveconclusivelyinconclusiveinconclusivelyconductconducted conductingconductsconsequentcons
24、equenceconsequencesconsequentlyconstruct constructed constructing constructionconstructionsconstructive constructsreconstructreconstructedreconstructingreconstructionreconstructsconsumeconsumedconsumer consumers consumesconsumingconsumptioncreditcreditedcreditingcreditorcreditorscreditsculturecultur
25、al culturallyculturedcultures uncultureddesign7designed designerdesignersdesigningdesigns distinct distinctiondistinctions distinctive distinctivelydistinctlyindistinctindistinctlyelementelements equate equated equatesequatingequationequationsevaluateevaluatedevaluatesevaluatingevaluation evaluation
26、sevaluativere-evaluate re-evaluated re-evaluatesre-evaluating re-evaluationfeaturefeaturedfeatures featuringfinalfinalisefinalisedfinalisesfinalisingfinalizefinalizedfinalizesfinalizingfinalityfinallyfinalsfocusfocusedfocusesfocusingfocussedfocussingrefocusrefocusedrefocusesrefocusingrefocussed refo
27、cussesrefocussingimpactimpactedimpactingimpactsinjure injuredinjuresinjuriesinjuringinjuryuninjuredinstitute institutedinstitutesinstitutinginstitutioninstitutionalinstitutionalise institutionalised institutionalises institutionalising institutionalizedinstitutionalizes institutionalizing institutio
28、nallyinstitutionsinvestinvestedinvestinginvestmentinvestmentsinvestorinvestorsinvestsreinvestreinvestedreinvestingreinvestmentreinvestsitemitemisationitemiseitemiseditemises itemisingitemsjournal journalsmaintainmaintained maintaining maintainsmaintenancenormalabnormalabnormallynormalisationnormalis
29、enormalisednormalisesnormalisingnormalizationnormalizenormalizednormalizesnormalizingnormalitynormallyobtainobtainableobtained obtainingobtains8unobtainable participate participantparticipantsparticipatedparticipatesparticipating participationparticipatoryperceiveperceived perceivesperceiving percep
30、tion perceptions positive positively potentialpotentially previouspreviously primary primarily purchase purchasedpurchaserpurchaserspurchasespurchasingrange rangedrangesrangingregionregionalregionallyregionsregulatederegulatedderegulatesderegulatingderegulationregulatedregulatesregulatingregulation
31、regulationsregulatorregulatorsregulatoryunregulated relevant irrelevanceirrelevantrelevancereside residedresidenceresidentresidentialresidentsresidesresidingresourceresourcedresourcefulresourcesresourcingunresourcefulunder-resourcedrestrictrestricted restrictingrestriction restrictionsrestrictiveres
32、trictively restrictsunrestrictedunrestrictivesecureinsecureinsecuritiesinsecuritysecuredsecurelysecuressecuringsecuritiessecurity seekseekingseekssoughtselectselectedselectingselection selectionsselectiveselectivelyselectorselectorsselectssitesitesstrategy strategic strategiesstrategicallystrategist
33、strategistssurveysurveyedsurveyingsurveystexttextstextualtradition non-traditionaltraditionaltraditionalisttraditionallytraditionstransfertransferabletransferencetransferred transferringtransfers9Sublist 3 of Academic Word List alternativealternativelyalternativescircumstancecircumstances commentcom
34、mentariescommentarycommentatorcommentatorscommentedcommentingcommentscompensatecompensated compensatescompensatingcompensationcompensationscompensatory component componentrycomponentsconsentconsensusconsentedconsentingconsentsconsiderableconsiderablyconstant constancyconstantlyconstantsinconstancyin
35、constantlyconstrainconstrainedconstrainingconstrainsconstraint constraintsunconstrained contribute contributed contributescontributing contributioncontributionscontributorcontributorsconvene conventionconvenesconvenedconveningconventionalconventionallyconventions unconventionalcoordinatecoordinated
36、coordinatescoordinatingcoordinationcoordinator coordinatorsco-ordinateco-ordinated co-ordinatesco-ordinatingco-ordination co-ordinatorco-ordinatorscorecorescoringcored corporate corporates corporationcorporations correspondcorrespondedcorrespondencecorrespondingcorrespondingly corresponds criteriacr
37、iteriondeducededuceddeducesdeducingdeductiondeductionsdemonstrate demonstrabledemonstrably demonstrateddemonstrates demonstratingdemonstration demonstrationsdemonstrativedemonstrativelydemonstratordemonstratorsdocumentdocumentationdocumenteddocumentingdocuments dominatedominancedominantdominateddomi
38、natesdominatingdominationemphasis emphasiseemphasisedemphasisingemphasizeemphasizedemphasizesemphasizingemphatic10emphaticallyensureensuredensuresensuringexcludeexcludedexcludesexcludingexclusionexclusionaryexclusionistexclusionsexclusiveexclusively framework frameworksfundfunded funderfundersfundin
39、gfundsillustrate illustrated illustrates illustratingillustration illustrationsillustrativeimmigrateimmigrantimmigrantsimmigratedimmigratesimmigratingimmigrationimplyimpliedimpliesimplyinginitial initiallyinstance instances interactinteractedinteractinginteractioninteractionsinteractiveinteractively
40、interactsjustify justifiablejustifiablyjustificationjustificationsjustifiedjustifiesjustifyingunjustifiedlayerlayeredlayeringlayerslinklinkagelinkageslinkedlinkinglinkslocatelocatedlocatinglocationlocationsrelocaterelocatedrelocatesrelocatingrelocationmaximisemax maximisedmaximisesmaximisingmaximisa
41、tionmaximize maximizedmaximizes maximizingmaximization maximumminorminoritiesminorityminorsnegate negativenegatednegatesnegatingnegativelynegativesoutcomeoutcomespartnerpartnerspartnershippartnerships philosophy philosopherphilosophersphilosophicalphilosophically philosophiesphilosophise philosophis
42、edphilosophisesphilosophisingphilosophizephilosophizedphilosophizesphilosophizingphysical physicallyproportion disproportiondisproportionatedisproportionatelyproportionalproportionallyproportionateproportionately 11proportionspublishpublished publisher publisherspublishespublishingunpublishedreact r
43、eacted reactsreactingreactionreactionariesreactionaryreactionsreactivereactivatereactivationreactorreactorsregisterderegister deregistered deregisteringderegisters deregistration registered registeringregistersregistration relyreliability reliablereliablyreliancereliant reliedreliesrelyingunreliable
44、removeremovableremovalremovalsremovedremovesremovingschemeschematicschematicallyschemedschemesschemingsequencesequencedsequencessequencingsequentialsequentiallysexsexes sexism sexualsexualitysexuallyshiftshiftedshiftingshiftsspecifyspecifiablespecified specifiesspecifyingunspecifiedsufficientsuffici
45、encyinsufficientinsufficientlysufficientlytasktaskstechnical technicallytechniquetechniquestechnologytechnologicaltechnologicallyvalidinvalidateinvalidityvalidatevalidatedvalidatingvalidationvalidityvalidlyvolumevolumes vol 12Sublist 4 of the Academic Word Listaccessaccessedaccessesaccessibilityacce
46、ssibleaccessinginaccessibleadequateadequacyadequatelyinadequaciesinadequacyinadequateinadequatelyannualannuallyapparentapparently approximateapproximatedapproximatelyapproximatesapproximatingapproximationapproximationsattitudeattitudes attributeattributable attributed attributesattributingattributio
47、ncivilcodecoded codescoding commitcommitment commitmentscommitscommittedcommittingcommunicatecommunicablecommunicatedcommunicatescommunicatingcommunicationcommunicationscommunicativecommunicativelyuncommunicative concentrate concentrated concentratesconcentratingconcentrationconferconference confere
48、ncesconferredconferringconferscontrast contrastedcontrastingcontrastivecontrastscyclecycledcyclescycliccyclicalcyclingdebatedebatabledebateddebatesdebatingdespite dimensiondimensionaldimensions multidimensionaldomestic domesticallydomesticatedomesticateddomesticatingdomesticsemerge emerged emergence
49、 emergent emerges emerging errorerroneouserroneouslyerrorsethnicethnicitygoalgoalsgrantgrantedgrantinggrantshencehypothesis hypotheseshypothesisehypothesisedhypothesiseshypothesisinghypothesizehypothesizedhypothesizeshypothesizinghypothetical hypotheticallyimplementimplementationimplemented implementing implementsimplicate13implicatedimplicatesimplicatingimplication implicationsimposeimposedimposesimposingimpositionintegrateintegrated integratesintegratingintegrationinternal internaliseinternalisedinternalisesinternalisinginternalize internalized internalizesinternalizinginternallyinvestigate
