1、初二英语动词不定式用法小结动词不定式是动词的一种特殊形式， 它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能做谓语；它由 “to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to+ 动词原形”. 在句子中可作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等句子成分。为使同学们更好地掌握其用法，现总结如下：一、动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语，例如 To think of the animals in danger is sad .为避免句子的头重脚轻，常用 it 作为形式主语，而真正的主语动词不定式后置，如 It is sad to think of the animals in danger . 常用句型 :It +
2、be+adj./n to do sth./It takes sb. some time to do sth.二、动词不定式作宾语一些动词，如 want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare,等，常接动词不定式作宾语。 应注意有些动词后面可接不定式作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，但所表达的意义不同。常见的有：（1）stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事；stop doing sth. .停止正在做的事（2）try to do sth. 尽力做某事； try doing sth.尝试做某事（3
3、）remember/forget to do sth.记住忘记去做某事； remember/forget doing sth. 记得忘记做过某事。下列动词（enjoy finish keep mind practice spend advise suggest allow）后面不能用不定式，用动名词作宾语三、动词不定式作宾语补足语有些动词，如 tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call 等可接带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成 tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. to do sth.结构。而表示使役动词和感官动词后面的宾
4、语补足语时应省去 to， （在被动语态中应加上 to） 。这些动词可归纳为 “一感(feel)，二听(listen to, hear)，三让(let, make, have,，四看(look at, see, watch, notice)，半帮助(help)(即在动词 help 后面作宾语补足语时，to 可有可无)”。 四、动词不定式作状语动词不定式作状语主要用来修饰动词，表示目的 they did lots of work to save the candas 等。 ，表结果，常用结构有 too + adj./adv. + to do sth. adj./adv.enough + to do
5、 sth，表原因 be +形容词 + to do sth 如 I am surprised to hear the news.为了强调目的，有时可以把动词不定式放在句首，或在不定式前加 in order 或 so as to。 五、动词不定式作后置定语时，与被修饰的名词逻辑上有动宾关系。如果动词不定式是不及物动词时，则要带上与之搭配的介词，构成及物动词短语。动词不定式作后置定语常用于“have/has 某事 to do”（some words to say, nothing to do,enough place to live） “Its time to do sth.”等结构中。六、特殊疑问
6、词+不定式特殊疑问词 what when why how where 等可以和不定式连用在句子做各种成分。如 How to use compurers is a problem. I cant decide when to do it .动词不定式专项训练题：一、单项选择。1. _ is difficult to work out the maths problem.A. This B. That C. It D. Its2. We decided _ at the end of this month.A. travel B. not start out C. to leave D. goin
7、g3. They have no paper_.A. to write B. to write with C. write on D .to write on4. Let him _ a rest. I think he must be tired after the long walk.A. has B. have C. to have D. having5. _the computer is a problem.A. How to use B. What to use C. Where to use D. Which to use6. The teacher told us _in bed
8、.A. dont read B. read not C. to not read D. not to read7. The old man was _angry _ say a word.A. so, that B. as, as C. too, to D. very, to8. Why _home tomorrow?A. not go B. not going C. not to go D. didnt go9. The TV set is too loud. Will you please _?A. turn down it B. turn it down C. to turn it do
9、wn D. to turn down it10. Its cold outside. You had better _ your coat.A. to put on B. putting on C. puts on D. put on二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。1. It took half an hour _(get) to the World Park from Kittys school.2. It was interesting _(see) so many places of interest from all over the world.3. They want _(save)
10、 time by using shorter words and phrases. 4. Kittys classmate, Daniel, taught himself how _(make) a home page.5. Im glad _(see) you in Beijing6. He put his photos on it for everyone _(look) at.7. Help him _(put) the photos in the correct order.8. He made the girl _(cry) yesterday.9. Its time for class. Please stop _(talk).10. Id like _(go) to the Temple of Heaven.
