1、- 1 -八年级英语（上）重难点归纳Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation？1，一般过去时基本结构：主语+动词过去式+其他；否定形式：was / were + not; 在行为动词前加 didnt，同时还原动词；一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+其他？Did+主语+ 动词原形+其他？2， 动 词 过 去 式 规 则 变 化 ： 直 接 加 ed； 以 不 发 音 e 结 尾 的 单 词 ， 直 接 加 d； 以 辅 音 字母 +y 结 尾 的 ， 变 y 为 i 加 ed； 以 元 音 字 母 +y 结 尾 的 ， 直 接 加 ed； 以 重 读 闭 音 节结
2、 尾 的 ， 双 写 最 后 的 辅 音 字 母 +ed不 规 则 变 化 的 动 词 过 去 式 （ 见 书 本 最 后 一 页 ）3， go on vacation 去度假 be on vacation 在度假4， anyone 任何人，只用于指人，一般用在否定句、疑问句中，后面不接 of 短语。做主语时位于动词用单数。Eg：Is there anyone at home？any one 任何一个，指人或物，后面接 of 短语。Eg： You can take any one of these books.5，adj 修饰不定代词后置 anything special something
3、importantenough 作 adv，修饰 adj/ adv 后置 old enough fast enoughelse 作 adj，修饰疑问代词和不定代词后置 what else who else something else6，quite a few/ little 相当多7，How/ what about+V-ing/ n/ 代词 怎么样？（表建议、询问）8，most students= most of the students“one of +the most +adj +n 复数”表示“最之一”Eg：He is one of the most famous writers in
4、 China.A most +adj +n 非常 Eg： Hangzhou is a most beautiful city.9，buy/ get sb sth= buy/ get sth for sb10，what do you think of/ about？= how do you like？你认为怎么样？11，have fun，enjoy oneself， have a good/ great/ wonderful time+V-ing,12，主语+ seem+（to be ）+表语（ n/adj） eg：Tom seems to be a smart boy/ happy.It se
5、ems that 从句 eg：It seems that he understand.主语+ seem to do sth eg： He seems to understand.13，adj 以-ing 结尾“令人的”exciting，interesting，relaxing，boring以-ed 结尾“人感到的”excited ，interested，relaxed，bored14，询问价格：How much is ? Whats the price of ?表示价格高低：be expensive/ cheapThe price of is high/ low15，get to, arriv
6、e in/at, reach,到达（如果后面接地点的副词 home，here 或 there ,就不用介词 in ,at, to）16，decide （not）to dodecide that 从句decide+疑问词+不定式17，try（not）to do sth 尽力try doing sth 尝试try/ do ones best to do sthtry it on 试穿（动副结构） try out 试验 have a try 试一试18，feel like 感觉像 feel like doing sth/ want to do sth/ would like to do sth- 2
7、 -19，a lot of= lots of =plenty of20，in the past 在过去21，enjoy/ like doing22，感叹句：How+adj+主谓！How+adj+a/an +n 单+主谓！What+ a/an +adj+ n 单+主谓！What+ adj+ n 复/ 不可数+主谓！23，more than=over 超过 less than 少于 more or less 或多或少24，wait for 等待25，too many“ 太多”修饰可数名词复数too much“太多 ”修饰不可数名词much too“实在太 ”修饰形容词或副词26，because+从
8、句 because of +n/ V-ing /代词27，enough 作 adj 修饰 n， enough time enough moneyhave enoughto do sth eg：I have enough time to finish the work.enough 作 adv 修饰 adj/ adv old enough fast enoughenough for sb to do sth eg：The job is easy enough for me to do.notenough to do The book isnt easy enough for me to read
9、.tooto The book is too difficult for me to read.sothat The book is so difficult that I cant read.28，the next day 第二天29，remember/ forget+to do 要做+doing 做过30，Stop sb from doing sth 阻止Stop to do 停下来去做其他事Stop doing 停止正在做的事31，another two hours=two more hours32，at the top of 在顶端，名列之前 强调点on the top of 在 上面
10、 强调面33，find out 查明，弄清 find 找到（结果） look for 寻找（过程）34，go on with/ doing sth 继续原来的事go on to do sth 继续做别的事35，so +adj +that + 结果状语从句 “如此以致”eg：I was so busy that I didnt go to sleep for 3 days.so that 引导目的状语从句，以便，为了（in order to）eg：they got up early so that they could catch the early bus.so +adj +（a/ an+n
11、单数） that It is so important a meeting that I cant miss it.such+ a/ an+ adj + n 单数+that It is such an important meeting that I cant miss it.such+ adj+n 复数/不可数+thatUnit 2 How often do you exercise？1，How 如何（方式）how long 多长（时间）答语常用“（For/ about +）时间段”how far 多远（距离）答语常用“（Its +）数词 +miles/ meters/ kilometers
12、”- 3 -how often 多久一次（频率）答语常用“Always/ often/ every day/”或 “次数+时间”等表频率的状语How soon 多快，多久以后，常用在将来时中。答语常用“in +时间段”how many 多少（接可数名词） how much（接不可数名词）2，exercise 作 v 锻炼，运动作c 操，练习 do morning/ eye exercises作uc 锻炼 take much/ more exercise3，at+钟点 at 7 oclock at noon/ at night（during/ in the day） at this/ that
13、time at the age ofon+ 具体某天、星期、特指的一天、纪念日、节日 on April 1st on Sunday on a cold winter morning on Teachers Dayin +上午、下午、晚上、年、月、季节、年代、世纪 in the morning/ afternoon/ evening in 1999 in August in autumn in 1960s in the 21st century4，help sb （to）do sthhelp sb with sthwith sbs help= with the help of sb5，do（th
14、e）housework= do chores6，频度副词（行前 be 后）Always usually often sometimes seldom hardly never7，sometimes 有时（频度副词） sometime（将来）有朝一日， （曾经）某天 Some times 几次，几倍 some time 一段时间（前面用介词 for）8，go shopping= do some shopping9，once twice three times10，at once，right now，right away， in a minute，in a moment，in no time 立刻
15、，马上once more 再一次，重新 once upon a time 从前，曾经11，every day 每天 everyday 日常的，每天的12，on the internet13，whats your favorite program？=what program do you like best？14，free 空闲的 in ones free time be free自由的 as free as a fish freedom n.自由免费的 The best things in life are free.15，be full =be busy 忙的 be busy doing s
16、th/ be busy with sthbe full of 充满 eg：The bottle is full of milk.16，How come？怎么会？为什么？ 17，may be 为情态动词+动词原形，在句子中做谓语，maybe 是副词，表示可能，大概，一般放在句首(perhaps)。18，stay up doing sth 熬夜做某事19，stay/ keep healthy be in good/ bad/ poor health be good/ bad for ones health20，at least=no less than at most=no more than21
17、，ask sb about sth ask sb（not）to do sth ask sb for help/ advice/ information22，the result of的结果 as a result 结果23，be surprised that/ be surprised at/ be surprised to do 对 很惊讶To ones surprise 另某人惊讶的是 in surprise 惊讶地24，the answer to the question，a key to the door，a ticket to the ball game- 4 -25，althoug
18、h=though（与 but 不能连用）Even though/ if 即使，尽管 as though/ if 仿佛，好像26，by 介词+n/ v-ing/ 代词 通过方式by oneself 独自地 by the way 顺便问/说一下 by chance/ accident 偶然地 by mistake 错误地 learn by heart 记住27，the best way/ time to do 做某事最好的方式/ 时间28，4 个花费：人+spend/ spends/ spent+时间/钱+（in）doing sth/ on sth spend time with sb人+pay/
19、 pays/ paid +钱+for sthIt takes/ took sb +时间+to do sth物+cost/ costs/ cost +sb + 钱29，die v.死亡，消失 died 过去式dead adj 死亡的，无生命的 dead dog have/ has been dead for=diedagodying adj 垂死的，快死的death n 死亡 the death of30，before its too late 趁来得及31， “数字+percent of+ n”作主语，谓语动词取决于 nEg：Twenty percent of the students exe
20、rcise every day.Twenty percent of time passes.32，no one =nobody 指人，回答 who，anyone，anybody 的提问None 指人或物，可接 of 短语， （all 3）回答 how many/ much，any，及有特定范围（which）的提问nothing 指物，回答 what，anything 的提问Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister.1，比较级，最高级变化规则一般在词尾+ er 或 est；以 e 结尾的加 r 或 st；重读闭音节双写辅音字母+ er 或 est；辅音字母+y
21、 结尾的，改 y 为 i+ er 或 est；多音节词和部分双音节词，加 more 或 most。不规则变化见书本 P1142，比较级用法 基本句型：主语+be+比较级+than+比较对象 两者相比较用比较级 eg：Who do you think is more outgoing，Lily or Lucy？ Very，more，quite ，so， too 等修饰原级；much，a little，a lot，a bit，far ，even 等修饰比较级 eg：Im much/ a little / a lot / a bit /far more outgoing than my sister
22、.Im even worse now. 不能与人或事物自身相比较eg：He is taller than any other student in his class.- 5 -China is larger than any country in Africa. 比较对象要一致（that 代替不可数名词，those 代替可数名词复数，所有格，ones）eg：The weather in Harbin is much colder than that in Wuhan.The students of Class One study harder than those of Class Two.
23、My bike is newer than Toms. 比较级中出现 of the two/ twins 结构时，adj 比较级前要+the，不可用 thanEg：Tom is the taller of the two brothers. “get/ become+ 比较级+and +比较级”表示“变得越来越” （多音节或部分双音节用“more and more+原级）Eg: It gets warmer and warmer when spring comes.Youre getting more and more beautiful. “the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越，就越”E
24、g: The more you exercise, the stronger you will be. “Asas”中间接原级，表示“与一样” ，否定为 “not as/ soas”表示“不如”Eg: He is as tall as his father.He is not as/ so tall as his father. “比较级+than”(more/ less +原级+than)与“not as/ soas”可以互换Eg: Im taller than you. Chinese is more important than Biology.Youre shorter than me
25、. Biology is less important than ChineseYoure not as/ so tall as me. Biology is not as/ so important as Chinese 比大/多/长/宽几倍，用“主语+be+times+比较级+than+ 比较对象”Eg: Our classroom is twice larger than yours. 重几斤，高几公分，大几岁，用“主语+be+数量词+比较级+than+比较对象”Eg: Im six years older than you.3，loudly 大声地，响亮地（多含噪音之意）aloud 大
26、声地，出声地（强调出声）read aloud call aloud for helploud 大声地，高声地，常与 speak，shout ，laugh，talk 连用响亮的，大声的 loud voice4，fast 强调速度快 run/ drive fastquickly 强调动作、行动快soon 强调时间间隔短5，competition 体育，书法，朗读，音乐等比赛match 体育竞技比赛，球类比赛race 速度方面的竞赛，赛跑，赛龙舟等6，win+比赛，奖项beat+人，团队7，ago 以前，用于一般过去时，放在一段时间后before 在 以前，通常用于完成时，放在时间点或事件之前8，t
27、he same asbe different from be similar to =be like9，be good at+ V-ing=do well in 擅长于be good for 对有益 （be bad for 对有害）be good to 对友好 （good 可用 friendly，nice ，kind 替换）be good with 和相处好=get on/ along well with10，true/ truly 指故事、说法、答案等与标准事实、实际情况相符- 6 -real/ really 指人或事客观存在，不是想象的11，take care of=look after
28、照顾care for 照料、关心某人，喜欢某人、某物care about 关心，计较，在乎12，make sb do sthmake sb/ sth +adj make me happymake sb +n. We made him monitor.make sb +过去分词 She spoke aloud to make herself heard.make it 约定时间，做成某事，及时抵达 Lets make it at 10:00. Dont worry. Hell make it.13，both 位置：行前 be 后both of them/ us=they/ we bothboth
29、 作主语，谓语动词用复数not both 为部分否定，全部否定要用 eithernot 或者 neitherbothand=not onlybut（also） 否定为：neither nor14，be popular with sb 受某人欢迎 be popular in/ at 在某地受欢迎15，it is +adj+for sb +to do sth （adj 修饰 to do sth）It is important for me to learn English.it is +adj+of sb +to do sth （adj 修饰 sb） It is kind/ friendly/ n
30、ice of you to help me.16，bring out 使显现出17，share sth with sb 和某人分享18，other “其他的，另外的” ，后接名词复数，有时 other+n 复数=othersanother “又一（个） ，另一（个） ”，泛指总数为三个或三个以上中的任意一个，后接名词单数。the other“（两者中的）另一个” ，常与 one 连用， “onethe other”表示“一个，另一个”19，heart learn sth by heart 用心记 lose heart 灰心20，break the law/ rules/ world recor
31、d 违法/违规/ 打破世界纪录Break off 打断 break away from 摆脱，脱离 break into 破门而入 break in 插嘴Break down 出故障 break out 爆发 break up 散火 break ones words 食言Have a break/ rest 休息会儿21，laugh 发笑 laugh at 嘲笑Smile 微笑 smile at 对微笑22，定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。引导定语从句的词称为关系词。关系词位于先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分
32、。定语从句的关系词引导定语的关系代词有：that, who (whom, whose), which; 关系副词（在定语从句中只能作状语，且不能省略）有：when, where, why 等。关系词的选择主要取决于两个因素：(1)先行词是什么(2)先行词在定语从句中作什么成分。关系代词（that，who，which，whose，whom）引导的定语从句。that/ who 在从句中作主语，先行词为人。Eg：The girl that/ who is reading is my sister.that/ which 在从句中作主语或宾语，先行词为物。- 7 -Eg：The book that/
33、which is on the desk belongs to Tom.(主)He came back for the book that/ which he had forgotten.（宾）whose 在从句中作定语，先行词为人或物。Eg：This is the pencil whose point is broken.That is the girl whose mother died two years ago.whom/ that 在从句中作宾语，先行词为人。Eg：The girl whom/ that I spoke to is my cousin.关系副词（when/ where
34、/ why）引导的定语从句。When 在从句中作时间状语，其先行词是表示时间的词（ day/ year/ season 等） 。例如：我永远不会忘记我入团的那一天。I shall never forget the day_I joined the League.解放军战士在人们最需要的时刻来到。The PLA men come at the time _ the people need them most.Where 在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词是表示地点的词（place/ town/ home/ house）例如：你还记得我们初次见面的地方吗？Do you still remember
35、the place _we first met?近来你去过你成长的小城吗？Have you been to the town _ you grew up recently?Why 在从句中作原因状语，其先行词是 reason。例如：没有人知道他为什么上学总迟到。Nobody knows the reason _ he is often late for school23，call sb at +电话号码24，information【UC】通过学习、阅读、观察等得到的信息、情报、资料（侧重内容）news【 UC】 广播、电视等报道的新闻、消息（强调新鲜、及时）a piece of newsmes
36、sage【C 】 口信、短信、信息（强调传递）take a message for sbleave a message to sb25，who do you think should get the job ？=in your opinion，who should get the job？Unit 4 Whats the best movie theater？1， 最高级的用法 用于三者或三者以上的比较 eg：Which do you like best，Chinese，Math or English？ “one of+最高级+n.复数”表示“最之一”Eg：Lu Xun is one of t
37、he greatest writers last century. “the +序数词+最高级+n.单数+ 范围”表示“在范围内是第几”Eg：Hainan is the second largest island in China. 先行词被最高级或序数词修饰，只能用 that 引导定语从句Eg：My cousin is the funniest person（that ） I know.This is the first letter（that）I received from my sister. Of all +n.复数；of the +数（3）+ n.复数；in/ at+ 地点2， Co
38、mfort v.使舒适，安慰 comfortable adj. 舒适的(uncomfortable) comfortably adv. 舒适地3， Voice 嗓音（说话声、歌声、笑声、鸟鸣声） in a low voice 小声地Noise 杂音- 8 -Sound 任何可以听到的声音4， be close to 靠近5， choose-chose choose from 从中选择 choose to do sth 选择做某事6， Can I ask you some/ a few questions?7， Welcome to+地点8， So far= until now= up to n
39、ow 至今为止9， Around/ near here= in the neighborhood10，thanks for +n/ V-ingThanks for your help/ thanks for helping me.Thanks for your invitation/ thanks for inviting/ asking me.Thank you/ Thanks No problem/ Youre welcome/ Thats all right/ Not at all/ Its a pleasure/ My pleasure/ Thats OK.11，talent n.天资
40、，才能 talented adj.有天赋的 (untalented)Have a talent for (doing) sth. 对（做）某事有天赋12，around the world= all over the world13，havein common 有相同特征 in common with 同一样14，Kind of 相当于副词，修饰形容词或副词，意为 “稍微，有点” ，与 a little/ bit 相近A kind of 意为“一种” ，some kinds of 意为“几种” ，different kinds of 意为“不同种类的” ，all kinds of 意为“各种各样
41、的” 。这里的 kind 是 “种，类，属”的意思。15，and so on 等等16，be up to 是 的职责，由决定 be up to sb to do sth 应由某人做某事17，play a role/ part in doing sth 在中扮演角色，在中发挥作用，有影响18，部分否定：all，both，everyone，everybody，everything，everywhere，every ，each，always 等与 not 连用表示部分否定。全部否定：allnone，both neither，everyoneno one/ nobody/ not anyone，eve
42、rythingnothing/ not anything，everyno，alwaysnever19，make up 编造（故事、谎言）20，takeseriously 认真对待21，for example 例如 follow the example of以为榜样 give an example 举例 set an example to 给树立榜样 such as 例如22，come true23，finish+ n/ v-ing24，crowd v.拥挤 eg：They crowd into the room.n.人群 eg：There was a big crowd at the foot
43、ball match.A crowd of students are waiting for the busCrowded adj. 拥挤的.Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show？1， 不定式做宾语：want/ hope/ expect/ plan to do2， Learnfrom 从学习 learn sth by heart 熟记 learn sth by oneself 自学3， Plan to do sth/ plan on sth 计划、打算做某事- 9 -Plan for sth 考虑到某事 make a plan for 为制定计划4，
44、Hope to do/ hope that 希望 （没有 hope sb to do 的表达）I hope so/ I hope not5， Happen to sb/ sth 某人/物发生不幸的事 eg：What happened to him？Happen to do/ it happens that 碰巧Happen 偶然发生 take place 事先安排的、人为的发生6， Expect (sb) to do/ expect that 期待7， One day 某天（过去、将来）some day 某天（将来） the other day=a few days ago 前几天8， Mea
45、n v.意味着（三单为 means）Means n.方法、工具、手段 by means ofMeaning n. 意义、含义 the meaning ofMeaningless adj. 毫无意义的9， Mind v.介意 would/ do you mind (ones)(not) doing sth?I dont mind them.make up ones mind 下决心 change ones mind 改变主意 never mind 没关系、不必担心 keep in ones mind 记住10，think of 认为、想起 think about 认为、考虑 think over
46、 仔细考虑11，be famous for 因为而著名 be famous as 作为而著名12，appear v.出现（disappear 消失） appearance n. 出现、露面、外表13，come out 出版、发表，出来，开花14，succeed v.成功 succeed in (doing) sth 成功地做某事Success n.成功 Successful adj.成功的 be successful in (doing) sth 成功地做某事Successfully adv.成功地15，reason 结论性原因 cause 起因 excuse 借口16，danger n.危险
47、 be in great danger 处于极大危险中 out of danger 脱离危险endanger v. 使遭遇危险，危及dangerous adj. 危险的 endangered adj.有灭绝危险的17，luck n.运气lucky adj.幸运的（ unlucky 不幸的）luckily adv. 幸运地18，be ready to do sth 愿意做某事 get ready to do sth 准备去做某事 get ready for 为做准备19，a pair of+ n 复数 做主语，谓语动词用单数 eg：A pair of glasses is enough for
48、me.20，Take ones place to do sth 代替某人做某事21，do a good job 干得好22，wear 表状态，接服装、手套、眼镜、香水等put on 表动作，接服装（take off）dress 表动作，接 sb/ oneself get dressed 穿衣 dress up 盛装打扮try on 试穿（动副结构） try it on(be) in+颜色或衣服 eg：The girl in a red coat is my sister.Unit 6 I am going to study computer science1，be going to 表将来（计划、打算）- 10 -肯定：主语+ be going to+ V 原否定：主语+ be not going to+ V 原疑问：be+主语+ going to+ V 原There be 的将来时：there is/ are going to be2，practice （doing）sth3，grow up 长大4，keep doing sth 继续不断地做某事Keep on
