1、Unit One,A Young Boys AmbitionMark Twain,I. Warm-up,Discuss your greatest ambition in groups and then select one student to present it.,1. About the author,2. Background information,3. Rhetoric in the text,4. Text Learning,5. Translation Practice,Contents,II. Background Information,Mark Twain-Samuel
2、 Langhorne Clemens Personal data Pseudonym (s): Mark Twain Born: November 30, 1835 Florida, Missouri Died: April 21, 1910 Redding, Connecticut Occupation(s): American humorist, novelist, writer, and lecturer Nationality: American Genre(s): Historical fiction, non-fiction, satire,Quotations by Mark T
3、wain,A banker is a fellow who lends you his umbrella when the sun is shining, but wants it back the minute it begins to rain. By trying we can easily learn to endure adversity - another mans I mean. Clothes make the man. Naked people have little or no influence on society. Always do right. This will
4、 gratify some people and astonish the rest. Do something every day that you dont want to do; this is the golden rule for acquiring the habit of doing your duty without pain. Dont go around saying the world owes you a living. The world owes you nothing. It was here first.,Mark Twain House, 351 Farmin
5、gton Avenue, Hartford, Hartford County, CT - Interior, first floor, library, east wall with fireplace and mantle, without scale.,Background Information,Life on the Mississippia memoir by Mark Twain detailing his days as a steamboat pilot on the Mississippi River before and after the American Civil W
6、ar.,Mississippi River Map,Steamboat,Steamboat,A Young Boys Ambition,When I was a boy, there was but one permanent ambition ,1. Please describe the streets of the village before the steamboat arrived.Dead & empty,II. Text learning,2. What changes took place in the village when the steamboat arrived?T
7、he dead town is alive and moving.,II. Text learning,II. Text learning,3. Why did Mark Twain want to be a cabin-boy, and later, a deck-hand?He wanted to be more conspicuous.,II. Text learning,4. What things did the boy do that made the others “wish he were dead”?His showy behaviors irritated other bo
8、ys.,II. Text learning,5. Did the narrator/author find a job on the river shortly after he left his hometown?No, its not easy, and he was treated with great indifference and with rude and angry words.,III. Assignment,i. Review Unit 1ii. Preview Unit 2iii. Translation practice,Figures of speech,Person
9、ification is a figure of speech that gives non-humans and objects human traits and qualities.e.g. The bear was talking to the little girl.,Figures of speech,A simile is a figure of speech in which the subject is compared to another subject. Frequently, similes are marked by use of the words like or
10、as. e.g. The snow was like a blanket.,tenor本体,vehicle喻体,simile marker比喻词,Figures of speech,Metaphor (from the Greek: - metaphora, meaning “transfer“) is language that directly compares seemingly unrelated subjects. In the simplest case, this takes the form: “The first subject is a second subject.“ e
11、.g. All the worlds a stage.,tenor本体,vehicle喻体,The white town drowsing in the sunshine of a summers morning. I went meekly aboard a few of the boats that lay packed together like sardines at the long St.Louis wharf. The snow blanketed the earth. The snow was a blanket over the earth.,Identify the rhe
12、toric device.,Vocabulary Quiz,spread all around (cause people or things to) come together lasting for only a short time easily seen state of being famous or distinguished technical term be well known for bad quality bravely make sth. Easy or less difficult of little importance,A spelling bee is a co
13、mpetition where contestants, usually children, are asked to spell English words. A contest in which competitors are eliminated as they fail to spell a given word correctly.,Guidelines for Writing Good Descriptions,Organization OVERVIEW. Begin with a brief overview that reveals the objects (a) overal
14、l framework, arrangement, or shape, and (b) purpose or function. PARTS. Divide the object into parts and describe each part (a) in enough detail to use, make, or draw it, and (b) in a way that reveals its role, its relation to other parts. ORDER. Organize the part descriptions to help your reader: (
15、a) spatial order (top to bottom, outside to inside), or (b) priority order (most to least important), or (c) chronological order (order of disassembly).,Guidelines for Writing Good Descriptions,Content SPECIFICS. Include relevant specific features (such as size, shape, color, material, technical nam
16、es). Omit irrelevant background, confusing details, and needless words. COMPARISON. Compare features or parts with other things already familiar. CONTRAST. Contrast properties with different ones to reveal their significance. Signals for Your Reader FORMAT. Clarify your text with: Heads. Identify to
17、pics with clear, nested section headings. Lists. Itemize related features with indenting and marks. Figures. Integrate figures and text with labels and references. VERBAL CUES. Guide your readers expectations with: Parallelism. Use parallel words and phrases for parallel ideas. Proleptics. Use verba
18、l links (also, but, however, etc.) to signal how your description fits together.,Vocabulary Quiz,be well known for bad quality;decorate sth.;state of being famous or distinguished;moving, touching the feelings of;weak, fragile.,Vocabulary Quiz,lasting for only a short time, brief;greatness, magnific
19、ence;sincerely, warm-heartedly;deliberate infliction of injury upon the persons form whom injury has been received;suffering or death caused by lack of food.,Vocabulary Quiz,very great in size, amount or degree;make sb. higher in rank;a public entertainment consisting typically of a variety of perfo
20、rmances by acrobats, clowns, and trained animals. strike with the palm of the hand, smack;get sb. To do sth. By kindness or patience.,Vocabulary Quiz,make sth. easy or less difficult;calm, quiet and undisturbed;someone who works for a skilled person for a fixed period in order to learn his or her trade;move forward suddenly and quickly;too tired to show interest or do anything.,Vocabulary Quiz,be half asleep;very beautiful, wonderful;meditate, consider the possibility of;suppose, consider;seeming likely to succeed, having good results.,
