1、This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor.专题二 考点突
2、破考点五 欣赏散文形象 穷形尽相,察情悟理现代文阅读第二章 文学类文本阅读 第二节 散文阅读 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core compon
3、ents of the system are AT89C51 m sensor. 如何分析概括人物形象特点和作用 如何分析概括物象特点 (内涵 )和作用This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip m
4、icrocomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor. 如何分析概括人物形象特点和作用一、认识散文中的人物形象,掌握其分析方法1.基本概念散文中的人物与小说中的有所不同。小说是以塑造人物为中心的,反映社会的主要手段是塑造人物形象。小说中的人物,是作者根据现实生活中的人物原型加工提炼而成的,是艺术的真实,通过这样典型的人物形象反映生活,更集中也更有This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system
5、 which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor.普遍的代表性。散文中的人物形象是为表达散文主旨服务的,它并非塑造人物,而是借助人物形象表达作者某种思想感情,所以散文中可以没有中心人物,也可以有多位中心人物,而人物本身往往是真实的。
6、当然,散文中的人物形象同样具有艺术性和思想性,艺术性体现在其人物形象塑造的基本方法上,而思想性则包括人物形象的性格特征和社会意义两个方面。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcom
7、puter. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor.2.分析方法(1)掌握人物形象分类,准确把握作者情感散文写人,重在表达某种思想感情,如写历史之人,写功成名就之人,写作者敬仰之人,作者的思想感情除了敬仰之外,更重要的是对这一人物所具有的精神品质的推崇。所以,掌握人物形象的分类,在分析作者思想感情上就可以事半功倍。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the fu
8、nction of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor. 从时间上分,有历史之人、追忆之人、现实之人等。 从身份上分,有功成名就之人、对作者产生重要影响之人、生活中平凡之人等。 从作者态度上分,有作者敬仰之人、批判之人、同情之人、褒贬不一之人等。 从写作目的上分,有追念亡人、激励后
9、人、引人深思、博人同情等。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m s
10、ensor.(2)掌握分析人物的手法,理解、概括人物性格、品质、精神等特点散文分析人物的方法同小说一样,即要抓住正面描写 (语言、动作、心理、外貌、神态等 )和侧面描写 (正衬、反衬等 )。所不同的两点是: 散文中的人物形象往往不像小说中的那样丰满、完整,而是集中突出其中的一个或几个方面,因此,在分析概括时,要根据散文中重点描写人物的段落,用几个词语集中概括; 散文中作者经常会有议论、抒情,而这些议论、抒情句可以帮助我们完成对人物的分析、概括。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature contro
11、l system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor.二、掌握考查人物形象的两种题型规范1.分析概括人物形象特点题(2013天津 )阅读下面的文字,完成文后题目。胡杨人家日出之前赶到二道桥,当走到四道桥,已接近晌午时分,
12、刚过了一座新修的木桥,想找个地方交个 “ 地税 ” ,见一处茂密的胡杨林掩映下有毗邻的两座蒙古包,就直奔过去。蒙古包里的一位中年妇女和一位年轻姑娘热情地接待了我。(本段文字编者有改动 )This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20
13、and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor. 我就纳了闷了,这哪像是不期而遇,明明是到亲戚家里。便回身招呼伙伴们钻进了一座摆着一张折叠餐桌的蒙古包。不一会儿,蒙古包外由远而近传来一阵摩托车的马达声,循声望去,一个男人出现在门口。老代。这是我真真切切在额济纳近距离见到的第一位蒙古汉子,不高的个头,但十分的壮实,一样的黝黑发亮得让城里人无比艳羡的肤色,健康阳光。不曾想到的是,在后面的交谈里我才发现,之前印在我脑海里的蒙古汉子应该是端着苍鹰的姿势,个顶个儿膀大腰圆的摔跤手模
14、样,而老代很浓缩且很腼腆。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m s
15、ensor.关系就这么在你一句我两句的沟通中变得融洽起来,就像一壶好茶,浸出物是慢慢地释放出来的。但我还是心里没底,提到了餐费的问题。老代憨憨地说昨天也有人要吃手抓,给了 60元。我没说啥,心里有底了,见他们开始包饺子了,我说:“ 让我媳妇儿来帮忙包可以吗? ”“ 可以啊,来吧。 ”This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by usi
16、ng single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor. 我又认真地 “ 调侃 ” 了一句: “ 俺们山东人包饺子,肉馅儿要塞得满满的。 ”老代乐呵呵地回了一句: “ 没事啊,包成包子都行。”饺子是用搁在外面空地上的炉子煮的,到了晚间这炉子就得抬进蒙古包生火烧水取暖。姑娘在煮饺子,我就开始拍照,这时才开始观察老代家周边的一切。荒漠深处的额济纳,秋天显得十分的短促,犹如礼花般绽放的黄色
17、叶片或繁如花海或星星点点,映衬着千年胡杨那遒劲的枝干,美得让人窒息。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the s
18、ystem are AT89C51 m sensor. 手抓羊肉上来了,是一整块羊胛骨肉,在甘肃,在青海,在陕西,没少吃手抓羊肉,这回真长见识了。毫不夸张地说,这是我吃到的最棒的手抓!问起老代,为啥会给我们上这块肉。“ 家里来了尊贵的客人我们就会杀一只羊,用最好吃的肉来招待客人,你们吃完走了,这块骨头,我们洗一洗,拴上一根麻绳要挂在蒙古包上的。 ”呜呜,我差点没感动得冒泡儿。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the functio
19、n of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor. 慢慢聊着,我这才知道,之前最先打招呼的那位中年妇女是老代的丈母娘,而那位年轻的姑娘是老代媳妇儿,我的眼镜差点儿没掉地上,这关系一时我都没反应过来。老实说,刚开始我把他媳妇儿当他女儿了。老代没生气,反而开怀大笑,蒙古人的豪情和大度一览无
20、余。因为忙活我们这顿饭,等我们吃完了,人家一家才开始用餐,怪不好意思的。又等了一袋烟工夫,才最后过去把饭钱硬塞给了老代。之前说好了的:两盘羊肉饺子、一This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip mi
21、crocomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor.份手抓羊肉,共 60元。给老代一张,没让他找钱,老代有点不好意思收,这时候,我的态度有点强硬了,必须收下!见他们也喝茶,也不管他们喜不喜欢,留下我摄影包里带的所有的 “大红袍 ” ,挥一挥衣袖,与老代一家人道别,没有相约来年,轻轻地带着一份纯真,我们走了,还觉得有点儿豪迈。回来的路上,在想一件事儿,如果戴望舒是蒙古族的,他还会不会潇洒地轻轻挥一挥衣袖,撑着那把油纸伞去幽会那丁香般的姑娘?扑哧。 (选文有删改 )This paper mainly introdu
22、ces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor.1.请概括老代的性格特点,并加以分析。解析 本题考查归纳人物的性
23、格特点。从文中找出描写老代的内容进行概括,要抓关键词语,如 “ 憨憨地 ”“ 豪情和大度 ” 等。文中作者初次见到老代时,对老代的外貌描写显出其淳朴的特点;在作者与老代商量钱和包饺子时,老代的语言都显出憨厚的特点;从 “ 刚开始我把他媳妇儿当他女儿了”“ 老代没生气,反而开怀大笑 ” 可看出老代的豪爽和大度。答案 (要点 )淳朴、憨厚、豪爽、大度等。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperat
24、ure measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor.【精要点拨】(1)审题审题同小说中的人物形象题差不多,主要审清: 是分析还是概括。 是形象特点还是性格特点。 (“ 分析 ” 必须结合文中材料)This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent t
25、emperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor.(2)答题答题的核心是对人物的性格特征和精神面貌作出准确的概括和分析。为此,宜从以下几方面入手: 将人物置于文中的具体事件和特写中去
26、把握。掌握文章写作背景与作者的情感倾向,特别要学会借助文中的关键词、句来解读人物言行,找出其独特性。 人物的精神风貌由人物的思想、人物的社会价值组成,特别要关注其思想特征。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and sin
27、gle chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor. 善于结合生活实际,调动自己的生活阅历和感悟,设身处地地站在文中主人公的角度品味和感受人物的心理和感情。 掌握答题模式: a.概括型,直接用一些人物思想、性格方面的语言答出即可; b.分析型,应结合作品中的材料分析概括其人物的思想性格,可用 “ 分析概括 ” 式或 “ 概括分析 ” 式。 注意使用术语。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature
28、 control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor.2.分析概括人物形象作用题(2010江西 )阅读下面的文字,完成文后题目。饮一口汨罗江熊召政汨罗一水,迤迤逦逦,在中国的诗史中,已经流了两千多年。诗人如
29、我辈,视之为愤世嫉俗之波的,不乏其人;取它一瓢饮者,更是大有人在。当然,饮的不是玉液琼浆,而是在漫长的春秋中浊了又清,清了又浊的苦涩。这苦涩,比秋茶更酽。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip
30、microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor. 这会儿,我正在汨罗江的岸边,掬起一杯浑黄得叫人失望的江水。为了在端午节这一天,饮一口汨罗江的水,我可是千里奔驰特意赶来的啊!脖子一扬,我,饮了一口汨罗。立刻,我感觉到,就像有一条吐着芯子的蛇窜入我的喉管,冰凉而滑溜,在我肝胆心肺间穿行,如同在烟雨迷蒙的天气里穿过三峡的蛟龙。愤世嫉俗的味道真苦啊!This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control sys
31、tem which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor. 同行人大概看出我脸色难堪,埋怨说: “ 叫你不要喝你偏要喝,这水太脏了。 ”我报以苦笑。朋友继续说: “ 你们诗人都是疯子,不过,也像圣徒。恒河的水污染那么严重,圣徒们也是长
32、途跋涉,非得跑到那里去喝一口。 ”我得承认,朋友这么说,并不是讥笑我,他只是不理解。我的行囊中,带有青岛啤酒和可口可乐,为什么,我非得饮这浑黄的汨罗?This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip mi
33、crocomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor.这小小的隔阂,让我想起禅家的一段公案。一次,著名禅师药山惟俨看到一个和尚,问: “ 你从哪里来? ” 和尚答: “ 我从湖南来。 ” 药山又问: “ 湖水是不是在泛滥? ” 答: “ 湖水还没有泛滥。 ” 药山接着说: “ 奇怪,下那么多雨,湖水为什么没有泛滥? ” 和尚对此没有满意的回答。因而药山的弟子云岩说: “ 是在泛滥。 ” 同时,药山另一个弟子东山大叫道: “ 何劫中不曾泛滥! ”This paper mainly introduces the de
34、sign of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor. 细细品味这句话,不得不佩服禅家独特的思维品质。何水不脏?我想对朋友当头棒喝的这四个
35、字,本源于何劫中不曾泛滥的追问。不过,那四个字我终究没有问出口。然而由禅家推及诗家,我想得更多了。汛期湖水泛滥,每个人都看得到。可是,干旱季节的湖水泛滥,又有几个人能感觉到呢?屈原淹死在汨罗江,这是大家都知道的。但汨罗不只是湖北的这一条,也不尽然是由波涛组成,知道这一点的,恐怕更是微乎其微了。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control b
36、y using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor.何劫中不曾泛滥!还可以推补一句,何处没有汨罗江?嵇康的汨罗江,是一曲裂人心魄的广陵散;李白的汨罗江,是一片明月;苏东坡的汨罗江,是一条走不到尽头的贬谪之路;秋瑾的汨罗江,是一把砍头的大刀;闻一多的汨罗江,是一颗穿胸的子弹 到这里,我禁不住问自己:你的汨罗江会是什么呢?This paper mainly introduc
37、es the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor.据考证,屈原本姓熊,是我的同宗。从知道他的那一天起,他就是我写诗做
38、人的坐标。每当灾难来临,我就想到那形形色色的汨罗江。好多次,当我的愤怒无法宣泄,我就想跑到这里来,跳进去。让汨罗再汨罗一回。今天,我真的站到了这汨罗江的岸边,饮了一口浑黄后,我的愤怒被淹灭了,浮起的是从来也没有经历过的惆怅。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperat
39、ure sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor.江面上,二三渔舟以一种 “ 与尔同销万古愁 ” 的悠然,从我眼前飘过。不知道屈原为何许人也的渔翁,一网撒去,捞回来的是最为奢侈的五月的阳光。偶尔有几条鱼苗,看上去像二月的柳叶,也被渔翁扔进了鱼篓。那也是他的收获啊!醉翁之意不在酒,而渔翁之意,却是肯定在于鱼的。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent tempera
40、ture control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor. 中国的渔翁形象,从劝屈原 “ 何不随其流而逐其波 ”的那一位,到 “ 惯看秋月春风 ” 的那一位,都是明哲保身的遁世者,权力更迭,人间兴废,与
41、他们毫不相干。船头上一坐,就着明月,两三条小鱼,一壶酒,他们活得好逍遥啊!你看这条因屈原而名垂千古的汨罗江上,屈原早就不见了,而渔翁仍在。这就是我的惆怅所在。一位清代的湖南诗人写过这么一首诗:This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B
42、20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor. 萧瑟寒塘垂竹枝,长桥屈曲带涟漪。持竿不是因鲂鲤,要斫青光写楚辞。看来,这位诗人的心态和我差不多,又想当屈子,又想当渔翁,结果是两样都当不好,鱼和熊掌不可兼得,古人早就这么说过。既如此,我的饮一口汨罗的朝圣心情,到此也就索然了。归去罢,归去来兮,说不定东湖边上的小书斋,就是我明日的汨罗。(选自问花笑谁:熊召政美文精选,有删改)This paper mainly introduces the design of an i
43、ntelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor.2.“ 渔翁 ” 在文中有何寓意?其作用是什么?解析 从 “ 醉翁之意不在酒,而渔翁之意,却是肯定在于鱼的
44、”“ 都是明哲保身的遁世者 ” 两句可概括出 “ 渔翁 ” 的寓意。 “ 你看这条因屈原而名垂千古的汨罗江上,屈原早就不见了,而渔翁仍在 ” 一句点明了写渔翁的作用。答案 寓意: 指只关注眼前物质利益的人, 指明哲保身的遁世者。作用:与愤世嫉俗的屈原形成鲜明的对比,以凸显屈原的高尚,表达作者对现实的感慨。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and con
45、trol by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 m sensor.【精要点拨】这类题型在散文阅读中很少出现,如果出现,则在答题时要特别注意。 有判断文体的意识。文体不同,人物形象的作用就不同。人物形象出现在写人叙事散文中,它是主旨、情感之所在;出现在状物散文中,它是主体物象一个很好的衬托,有助于主旨意蕴的生发。 掌握答题角度:内容主旨角度、结构构思角度、主体物象(人物形象 )角度。