1、动脉采血目录页 CONTENTS PAGE 04 血气分析01 动脉采血的 目的02 采血穿刺的部位03 动脉采血的操作过渡页 TRANSITION PAGE 04 血气分析01 动脉采血的动脉采血的 目的目的02 采血穿刺的部位03 动脉采血的操作4 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus d
2、igital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.第一章 动脉采血的概念动脉采血的目的p 通过采集动脉血进行血气分析，是客观反映呼吸衰竭的性质和程度，判断有无缺氧和二氧化碳潴留的最好方法p 对呼吸功能不全和酸碱失调的诊断与治疗提供依据；指导呼吸机参数的调整。5 This paper mainly introduces the des
3、ign of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.第一章 动
4、脉采血的概念适应症n 各种创伤、手术、疾病所导致的呼吸功能障碍者；n 呼吸衰竭的患者，使用机械通气者n 抢救心、肺复苏后对患者的继续监测n 指导调整呼吸参数和决定是否撤离呼吸机过渡页 TRANSITION PAGE 04 血气分析01 动脉采血的 目的02 采血穿刺的部位采血穿刺的部位03 动脉采血的操作7 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and c
5、ontrol by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.第二章 采血穿刺的部位动脉采血的常用部位 n 理论上讲全身任何部位动脉均可，理想的部位应是表浅易于触及、穿刺方便、体表侧肢循环较多、远离静脉和神经的动脉n 通常选用桡动脉、股动脉、足背动脉、肱动脉，婴幼儿也可选择头皮动脉， 首选
6、桡动脉8 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontro
7、ller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.第二章 采血穿刺的部位桡动脉位于前臂掌侧腕关节上 2cm。桡动脉下段仅被皮肤和筋膜遮盖，是临床触摸脉搏的部位。9 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20
8、and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.第二章 采血穿刺的部位桡动脉采血的优点 桡动脉采血时病人无须穿脱衣物，减少了病人穿脱衣物的麻烦，护士操作时比较方便 手部因经常清洗，手腕部比较清洁，相对带菌比其他部位少，减少了侵入性操作的感染机会 桡动脉表浅，易于触摸，定位相对简单 桡动脉采血的缺点 操作不当可能会损伤桡神经 如果病人的脉细速则血流量相对小，采血难度较大 因有桡神经伴行，疼痛感较明显
9、10 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroll
10、er and DS18B20 temperature sensor.第二章 采血穿刺的部位股动脉位于髂前上棘与坐骨连接中点。11 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcompute
11、r. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.第二章 采血穿刺的部位足背动脉、肱动脉足背动脉在拇指伸长肌外侧第一趾骨近端，位置表浅，其搏动易于触摸。肱动脉是臂部的动脉主干，位于臂上部肘窝处。过渡页 TRANSITION PAGE 04 血气分析01 动脉采血的 目的02 采血穿刺的部位03 动脉采血的操作动脉采血的操作13 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temper
12、ature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.第三章 动脉采血的操作操作流程图14 This paper mai
13、nly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 te
14、mperature sensor.第三章 动脉采血的操作动脉采血的用物监护室常用的动脉采血针：15 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core com
15、ponents of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.第一章 动脉采血的概念用物的准备16 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor D
16、S18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.第三章 动脉采血的操作操作流程 1p 操作前的准备工作：1 做好心理护理。操作前向患者说明穿刺目的，做好解释工作；消除紧张情绪，如为婴幼儿，应取得家长配合。2 体位要正确。3 按要求备齐各种物品。（ 1）备齐用物：治疗盘、无菌盘、 5ml注射器或一次性动脉采血针、安尔碘、棉签罐、棉球罐、镊子罐、弯盘、治疗巾、软木塞或胶塞、肝素盐水稀释液
17、 （ 2）医嘱单、化验单、条形码4 准确选择合适的穿刺动脉。17 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the sy
18、stem are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.第三章 动脉采血的操作操作流程 2p 操作过程中应注意的几个问题 1.核对医嘱、化验单、条形码2. 注射器抽取 0.5ml肝素盐水湿润管壁后排尽置无菌盘内（转动针栓使整个注射器内充分湿润、均匀附着肝素）3.严格执行无菌操作原则，防止感染。以穿刺点为中心环行消毒 2遍，术者消毒食指、中指，消毒范围要广泛，直径大于 5cm。 4、采血时，注射器内的肝素稀释液要全部排尽，否则影响结果的准确性。5、进针方法及进针深度、角度、速度的把握。(1)用左手食指、中指触摸到动脉搏动最明
19、显处并固定。(2)持针方法。右手持注射器从两指间垂直或与动脉走向成 40角穿刺。 (3)进针速度。进针速度不易太快，避免穿破血管及损伤周围组织。 (4)进针深度。根据病人胖瘦来决定，不可同日而语，进针后注意回抽有无回血，如有回血可用固定皮肤的手指固定针栓，防止针头脱出。 18 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using
20、single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.第三章 动脉采血的操作操作流程 3p 操作后的护理 1.抽血完毕迅速拔出针头，用无菌棉球按压止血 510min，血液病人及凝血机制障碍的病人可适当延长按压时间，直到出血停止。2 转动注射器：双手来回转动注射器，使肝素稀释液与血标本充分混合，防止凝血。3.将标本
21、连同化验单及时送检。4.协助病人取舒适卧位，穿好衣裤，整理床单位，正确处理用物，洗手。p 标本运送注意防止血标本与空气接触，应处于隔绝空气的状态。与空气接触后可使 PO2升高， PCO2降低，并污染血标本。样本完整性是确保检测结果准确的基础。通过前肝素化采样器降低血凝风险有效移除气泡的全自动样本混匀。过渡页 TRANSITION PAGE 04 血气分析血气分析01 动脉采血的 目的02 采血穿刺的部位03 动脉采血的操作20 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system
22、 which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.第四章 血气分析血气分析血气分析 是医学上常用于判断机体是否存在酸碱平衡失调以及缺氧和缺氧程度等的检验手段
23、。是通过监测患者动脉血液标本内的 PO2、 PCO2、 PH、 HCO3-等关键指标以及钾离子钠离子、氯离子、乳酸、阴离子间隙血液学、或代谢产物等辅助指标，有效反映机体维持内环境并维持细胞功能正常的能力，为临床呼吸系统和循环系统以及代谢性疾病提供诊断和治疗依据。血气分析对监测患者在手术过程中及术后的心肺功能尤其重要。21 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measuremen
24、t and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.第四章 血气分析血气分析仪 ：ABL90 血气分析仪最短的分析时间： 35秒获得 17项危急症参数结果，给予患者最及时的救治方案最短的循环时间：随时进行样本检测，不会因维护影响样本检测及时性自动质量管理 AQM系统
25、通过定标、质控以及系统内部检测实时监控整个检测体系和随机发生的错误并及时纠错支持全电池状态下样本操作、体积小、质量轻、屏幕提示操作微量采血仅需 65L血，即可完成 17项危急症参数检测22 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B2
26、0 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.第四章 血气分析血气分析的各项指标23 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by
27、 using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.血气分析的各项指标24 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the functio
28、n of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.血气分析的各项指标25 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperatur
29、e control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.血气分析的各项指标（七） BE26 This paper mainly i
30、ntroduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 tempera
31、ture sensor.第四章 血气分析血气分析的意义临床实践表明 , 诸多疾病 ,特别是突发事件 ;创伤和紧急救治的危重病人都要经历多器官衰竭的 “共同通路 ”.该类病人普遍存在血气 ;酸碱和电解质紊乱的改变 . 造成人体四大平衡系统即 : 气平衡 , 水平衡 , 酸碱平衡 和 糖代谢平衡的失衡和不稳定状态 . 这四大平衡均是维持人体内环境稳定的重要因素 .它们互相影响 , 互相制约 ,共同起着维持机体内环境稳定 ,保障生命的作用 .血气 ,酸碱和电解质的紊乱直接关系到病人的安危 .有时会成为危重病人致死的直接原因 .正确及时的判断和维持该平衡的救治手段是危重病人抢救过程中重要且必要的环节 .因此 ,自 20世纪 70年代开始血气酸碱分析已应用到临床各个方面 .成为临床疾病控制 ,突发事件的应对 ,紧急救治体系的必不可少的重要诊断设备 .* 感谢您的 聆听 *
