1、China held the worlds leading position in many fields in the study of nature, from the 1st century before Christ to the 15th century，with the four great inventions having the greatest global significance(重要性),The Four Great Inventions of ancient China,Papermaking，printing，gunpowder and the compassth
2、e four great inventions of ancient Chinaare significant contributions of the Chinese nation to world civilization.Chinese legend tells that the new invention of paper was presented to The Emperor in the year 105 AD by Cai Lun. Historical evidence，however，shows that paper was in use two hundred years
3、 before then. Either way, the Chinese were greatly ahead of the rest of the world.,Papermaking(造纸),The craft (工艺) of papermaking relied upon an abundance(丰富) of bamboo fiber to produce a find quality paper.In ancient China, the papermaker uses only the traditional materials and methods to produce fi
4、ne art paper.Bi Sheng invented moveable type (活字) of printing in the year 1045 AD, three hundred years ahead of Europe, which furthered Chinese technology and its role in the advancement of human civilization.,Printing(印刷),Imagine their enemys surprise when the Chinese first demonstrated(展示) their n
5、ewest invention in the eighthcentury AD.Chinese scientists discovered that an explosivemixture could be produced by combining sulfur(硫磺) ，charcoal(木炭), and saltpeter(硝石). The military uses were clear. New weapons were rapidly developed，including rockets and others that were launched from a bamboo tu
6、be. Once again, the raw materials at hand, like bamboo, contributed ideas for new technologies.,Gunpowder(火药),By the third century AD, Chinese scientists had studied and learned much about magnetism (磁) in nature. They learned to “make magnets” by heating pieces of ore(铁矿石) to red hot temperatures a
7、nd then cooling the pieces in a North/ South position. The magnet was then placed on a piece of reed(芦笛) and floated in a bowl of water marked with directional bearings(方向)Those first navigational(航海的) compasses were widely used on Chinese ships by the eleventh century AD.,Compass(指南针),1佳句仿写一二三 英语课以
8、全体合唱一首英语歌而结束。(with宾语宾语补足语). 他是个很受学生爱戴的老师。 (过去分词短语作定语). 2翻译佳句，放眼高考Imagine their enemys surprise when the Chinese first demonstrated(展示) their newest invention in the eighth century AD.， 。,The English class ended with all singing an English song,He is a teacher loved by his students,当中国人在公元八世纪第一次展示他们最
9、新的发明的时候,可以想象到敌人的惊讶,Module 5 Philosophers of ancient China Period One Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary 课件（外研版必修3，课标通用）,.单词识记 1_adj.平等的，相等的 2_n重要性；重要 4_n善良 5_n秩序,equal,importance,kindness,order,6_n原则；准则 7_n职位，地位；位置 8_v强调 9_v辞职；委托 10_adj.有影响的,principle,position,stress,resign,influential,.短语天地 1_与相
10、似 2_人之初，性本善 3_与交战 4_养育，抚养 5follow ones advice_ 6become famous for_ 7in some ways_ 8as a result_,be similar to,be born good,be at war with,bring up,采纳某人的建议,因而出名,在某些方面,结果,句型搜索 Treat others in the way you want to be treated. 信息提取 the way表示“的方式”，后面常接定语从句，引导词用that，in which或不用引导词。 例句仿写 我不喜欢你给父母说话的方式。 _,.,
11、1,I dont like the way (in which / that) you speak to your teachers.,But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers. 信息提取 .a time when. “一个的时期”。其中when引导定语从句。 例句仿写 曾经一段时间孩子们讨厌上学。 _,2,There was a time when children hated to go to school.,Mencius was a thinker whose teachings were very s
12、imilar to those of Confucius. 信息提取 whose引导定语从句，修饰a thinker。those在此处用作替代词，替代前面出现的teachers。 例句仿写 红色光线的波长(wave)约为蓝色波长的两倍。 _,3,Waves of red light are about twice as long as those of blue light.,Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good. 信息提取 the reason why.is
13、 that.是一个固定句式，意为“原因是”。 例句仿写 没有人相信汤姆哭的原因是他妈妈拿走了他的玩具。 _,4,No one believed the reason why Tom cried was that his mum took away his toy.,预读理解 Fast Reading：Scan the text and choose the best answers according to the text. What is the main idea of Confucius according to the passage? AKindness，duty and orde
14、r in society are very important. BGovernments are more important than its people. CAll men are created equal. DAll men are born good.,.,1,(1),What was the possible relationship between Confucius and Mencius? ATeachers and students. BMencius was the follower of Confuciuss idea. CThey all worked for t
15、he same state. DNothing related at all.,(2),In which way was Mozis idea the same as that of Confucius? AMen should be kind. BMen were born equal. CGovernment should be more emphasized than its people. DPeople were more important than the government. In Menciuss opinions，which was the most important，
16、the government，the ruler or the people? AGovernment. BRuler. CPeople. DNot mentioned.,(3),(4),What is the similarity of the three philosophers in ancient China according to the passage? AThey were all born good. BThey all wrote their own poor. CThey all traveled from state to state. DTheir philosoph
17、ies all influenced China for a long time. 答案 (1)A (2)B (3)C (4)C (5)D,(5),Careful Reading：Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks.,2,答案 (1)at war with (2)stressed the importance of (3)were very similar to (4)brought up (5)position (6)following his advice (7)resigned (8)influential (9)similar
18、to (10)equal,equal (1)adj.相等的，相当的；胜任的 All men are created equal. 人人生而平等。 We are of equal weight. 我们的体重相同。 Im not equal to the task. 我不能胜任这项任务。 (2)v.等于；比得上 No one equals him in strength. 论力气，无人能和他相比。 (3)n.和自己相当的人或物 In writing she had no equal. 在写作方面她没有对手。,1,【归纳拓展】 (1)equal sb/ sth in.在方面比得上；在方面与相匹敌 (
19、2)be equal to 与平等/相等 be equal to (doing)sth胜任(做)某事 without equal无敌；无与伦比 (3)equally adv.同样地；相等地 equality n平等,【完成句子】 1磅约等于500克。A pound is roughly 500 grams. 在英语方面没有人能同他相比。Nobody him English. 他能胜任管理办公室的工作。He running the office.,equal to,equals,in,is equal to,stress (1)vt.强调；施压于；使紧张 The English teacher
20、stressed the importance of reading aloud. 英语老师强调了朗读的重要性。 I must stress that we havent much time. 我必须强调我们没有多少时间了。 (2)n.强调；压力；重音 She lay great stress on proper behavior. 她很强调行为端庄。 Susan was completely weighed down by the stress of exams. 苏珊完全被考试的压力压垮了。,2,【归纳拓展】 (1)under the stress of在压力下 lay/place/put
21、 stress on sth强调 stress the importance of.强调的重要性 (2)stressful adj.充满压力的；紧张的,【完成句子】 老师反复强调考试的重要性。The teacher the importance of exam again and again. 有些年轻人在现代生活的压力下过着艰难的生活。Some young people live a hard life the modern life.,stressed /put/placed stress on,under the stress of,order (1)n.秩序，次序；有条理 The po
22、lice kept order.警察维持秩序。 Look！Everything is in good order. 瞧！一切都井然有序。 You should put the book on the desk in order. 你应该整理一下桌上的书。 (2)n.命令，指令；定购；订单 Do you wish to place an order for some tea with me now? 你现在想跟我订购些茶吗？ He gave orders that they should go home at once. 他命令他们立刻回家。,3,(3)v.命令，指令；定购 The doctor
23、 ordered that she (should) take a good rest.The doctor ordered her to take a good rest. 医生吩咐她好好休息。 He ordered his son a new suit.He ordered a new suit for his son.他为儿子订购了一套新衣服。,【归纳拓展】 (1)in order井然有序；适宜的 out of order紊乱的；出故障的 keep order维持秩序 place an order for sth with (sb)和(某人)订购某物 give/take orders下达
24、/接受命令 (2)order sb to do sth命令某人做某事 order that.(should)动词原形 命令 order sb sthorder sth for sb为某人订购,【温馨提醒】 order作动词用时，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，从句的谓语要用should do或省略should。作名词用，表示“命令”时，相关的从句也要用虚拟语气。 His order is that we (should) not leave until he returns.他的命令是他回来我们才能走。,He was as busy as a bee trying to put the house
25、_. Ain the order Bin an order Cin order Din orders 解析 句意：他为了把家里弄整齐，忙了好一阵子。in order是固定搭配，意为“整齐，整洁，井然有序”。 答案 C,【单项填空】,He telephoned the travel agency to_three air tickets to London. Aorder Barrange Ctake Dbook 解析 考查动词辨析。句意：他打电话给旅行社预定三张去伦敦的机票。B、C不符合语境，故排除；order 指“订货，要求提供服务”；book可指“订票，订座”。故选D。 答案 D,infl
26、uential adj.有很大影响的 Those facts were influential in solving the problem. 那些事实对解决问题有很大的影响。 Our newspaper is an influential newspaper in this city. 我们的报纸在本市具有很大的影响。 【归纳拓展】 influence vt.影响n.影响力，有影响的人 have an influence on/upon对有影响 under the influence of在的影响下 influence sb to do sth 影响某人做某事,4,【单项填空】 Overhe
27、ating development might have bad_on the national economy, while few people can be aware of how_it may be. Acause；influential Binfluence；influential Cresult；influence Dfactor；influence 解析 第一个空为固定搭配have bad influence on sth “对有坏的影响”，第二个空为形容词influential作表语，故选B。 答案 B,be at war with How long have they be
28、en at war with each other? 他们互相交战多长时间了？ The country has been at war with its neighbour for two years. 这个国家与邻国已打了两年仗了。,1,【归纳拓展】 at名词表示“正在进行”或“从事”或“处于某种状态”，常见类似的短语： at dinner/ table 在吃饭 at ease 安心 at school 在上学 at lunch 在吃午饭 at work 在工作 at rest 在休息 at sea 出海；茫然，不知所措 at peace处于和平状态,当别人在工作时，不要吵闹。Dont ma
29、ke any noise while others are . 那时我国正与日本交战。At that time our country was Japan.,at work,at war with,【完成句子】,【单项填空】 Wouldnt it be_wonderful world if all nations live in_peace with one another?Aa；/ Bthe；/ Ca；the Dthe；the解析 a wonderful world 一个多彩的世界；live in peace 和 平相处。答案 A,bring up 教育，抚养(孩子)；提出(议题等)；呕吐
30、I was brought up by my aunt. 我是我姑姑抚养长大的。 Why dont you bring this up at the meeting? 你何不在会上提出这个问题？ He was so ill that he brought up everything. 他病得很厉害，什么都吐出来了。,2,【归纳拓展】 bring about 引起，导致 bring along 随身携带 bring back 带回 bring_in 吸引；引进；赚得 bring down 降低；减少,用bring短语完成句子 His new suggestion was brought at t
31、he meeting. What brought the change in his attitude? The photographs brought many pleasant memories. I tried to get them to bring the price of the TV set.,up,about,back,down,Treat others in the way you want to be treated.已所不欲，勿施于人。 本句way意为“方式；方法”，在句中作先行词；如果先行词在定语从句中作状语，那么可以用that或in which来引导，that或in
32、which也可以省略。 Would you like to perform once again the way( in which/that)you climbed up the high tree? 你愿意再给我演示一遍你是怎样爬上那棵高树的吗？,1,【温馨提醒】 如果way(方式) 后面的定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，引导词用that/ which。 I finished the joy in the way (that/ which)he told me. 我用他告诉我的方法完成了这项工作。,【单项填空】 What surprised me was not what he
33、 said but_he said it. Athe way Bin the way that Cin the way Dthe way which 解析 the way在题干中作表语，he said it为定语从句，引导词that/ in which已省去，that/ in which在从句中作状语。 答案 A,But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers.但那也是一个哲学家云集的时期。 本句中的a time表示“一段时期”，后面接定语从句时，常用when或介词which引导定语从句，译为“一个的时期”。 We
34、all remember the time when we lived in the countryside.我们都记得我们生活在农村的那段时光。,2,【归纳拓展】 (1)There is /was a time when.有一段时间 (2)It(That/This) is/was the first(second，third.)time that.这是第一次(第二次，第三次)，that 引导定语从句，并且that 可以省略。当主句用一般现在时，从句用现在完成时；当主句用一般过去时，从句用过去完成时。 It is the first time that I have seen such a b
35、ig watermelon. 这是我第一次见这么大的西瓜。 It was the second time that I had been to Europe. 那是我第二次去欧洲。,【温馨提醒】 当时间名词为先行词时，如果从句的引导词在从句中作状语，则引导词用when(介词which)，如果从句的引导词在从句中作宾语、表语等，引导词用which或that。,The moment_Tom will never forget is_Mr. Green gave him a lot of valuable advice on how to improve his writing. Athat；whe
36、n Bthat；that Cwhen；that Dwhen；where 解析 第一空用that, that引导定语从句，同时在从句中作宾语；第二空用when，when 引导表语从句，同时在从句中作时间状语。 答案 A,【单项填空】,It is the first time we_a film in the cinema together as a family. Asee Bhad seen Csaw Dhave seen 解析 在It is the first/second.time that 从句中that从句中谓语动词用现在完成时态。句意为：这是我们全家人第一次一起到电影院看电影。 答案
37、 D,Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good. 孟子认为人之所以不同于动物是因为人是向善的。 本句中the reason why.is that.是一个固定句式，意为“原因是”，其中why引导的定语从句，that引导的是表语从句。 The reason why I didnt attend the party was that I was too busy. 我没有参加宴会，因为我太忙了。,3,【温馨提醒】 (1)reason作先行词被定语从句修饰时，引导定语从
38、句的关系词要根据定语从句中所缺的成分确定。定语从句缺原因状语，使用why/ for which；定语从句中缺主语、宾语。定语从句应使用that或which，作宾语时也可以省略。 (2) The reason.is that.其中that引导表语从句，不能换用because。,【归纳拓展】 (1) This/That is because.这/那是因为(because 引导表语从句，从句内容表原因) He was late，and thats because the car was held up in the traffic rush. 他迟到了，那是因为他的车被困在交通高峰中了。 (2) T
39、his/That is why.这/那是的原因 (why引导表语从句，从句内容表结果) The car was held up in the traffic rush, and that is why he was late. 他的车被困在交通高峰中了，这就是他迟到的原因,【单项填空】 Betty didnt attend the important conference.Thats_ she hadnt been informed of it. Awhy Bthe reason Cbecause Dfor 解析 从行文逻辑关系可判断出，前一句是结果，后一句是原因，所以该表语从句由because引导。 答案 C,
