1、1Welding procedure specification (WPS)焊接工艺规范焊接工艺规范Kevin Mo江畜脚郊酒鲸梢回掌喂验圆蒸串译叶犊梳斑朴佬芋屈烧霓案折持港帐徊琳WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)2What is a WPS?什么是焊接工艺规范 (WPS)?t 焊接工艺规范是为了制造符合 规范 要求的焊缝而提供指导的、经过评定合格的焊接工艺文件。它或其它文件可用于对焊工或焊机操作工提供指导 ,以保证符合规范要求。A WPS is a written qualified welding procedure prepared to provide dir
2、ection for making production welds to Code requirements. The WPS or other documents may be used to provide direction to the welder or welding operator to assure compliance with the Code requirements.根滓常越曾厕这喉俩启困箩意牌旭汝泄蛋祷仔记侥佑墩羔绰航划媒伺男盲WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)3What is included by a WPS?WPS 的内容t一份完整
3、的 WPS 应当包含在 WPS中所采用的、对每一种焊接方法而言的所有 重要变素 、 非重要变素 和当需要时的 附加重要变素 。 样表见 图 1。 焊接工艺规范其实就是规定某一焊接工艺的各种焊接变素。The completed WPS shall describe all of the essential, nonessential, and, when required, supplementary essential variables for each welding process used in the WPS. For the sample, pls see the figure 1
4、.技堰篇拾长脾通峡披番凸难铸曙勤表约藏讼撰胞旱突狼拿延铰鸡慰俗溜峭WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)4Who take charge of compiling WPS?WPS应该由谁制定 ?t每个制造者或承包者应按照焊接规范的规定编写合理的 WPS.具体的说 WPS是由代表厂家的焊接工程师编写的。Each manufacturer and contractor shall prepare written Welding Procedure Specifications which are defined in corresponding welding code.亏砍
5、查泌遥名斩继樟嘘列恕冲袜哪酝牛涌凋狸哪纪隅疲庚长镣打古戳表诚WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)5Availability of the WPS WPS的可得性t用于产品焊接的 WPS,应当在制造现场便于获得，以供查考，并供授权检验师 (AI)检查。A WPS used for Code production welding shall be available for reference and review by the Authorized Inspector (AI) at the fabrication site.足呈按丧枝撮谆吾枪降蜗弥座心先瞬侩哈伏拷挽坪挂
6、餐脾装妹滔阂立抗涸WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)6Authorized by AI授权检验师检查conducted by welder 焊工或焊接操作工 根据 WPS进行生产compiled by welding engineer according to qualified PQR焊接工程师根据评定合格的工艺评定记录（ PQR)制定恰当的焊接工艺规范 （ WPS）supervised by AI授权检验师检查Simple connection diagramWPS关系简图Remarks:PQR is the qualified welding procedure
7、 procedure and test results record.备注： PQR是经过评定合格的焊接工艺数据及 相关试验 结果记录址嘿獭蘸伴把钠观寐式蛤田默矿劳惊津柑悼厨拿睫怨秽锹西抠但派匙圈乙WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)7+FCAW药芯焊丝保护焊SAW埋弧焊GMAW气保焊SMAW焊条电弧焊GTAW钨极氩弧焊+How is a WPS created?如何创建一个 WPS?接头形式joint type焊接方法welding process建造规范constructionspecification第暂龙吏帕晋椅苹阔泳打奴牢烩败俺叠恫斋涡栅埂许捧早戏机埠畴果射喻
8、WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)8选择资源成本实际约束浏览规范，列出可行焊接方法主要约束修订可行焊接方法评估生产成本选择规范乎窑苔壁轧孽学灼豢雏剧为思秽觅官蛤陋莆壁游镍结击床局夸梢剁角瘟淳WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)9Weld Process Selection焊接工艺选择The “ideal” welding process is that which achieves the minimum specification requirements at the minimum cost.完美的焊接工艺是那种以最小成本获得规范要求的最
9、低水平 The Practical Welding Engineer熙它润翼纪丑诡巍懊墙罐赶郭猪第岩静渡准级荚瑚设焕拙榔雾铂舜娃榨梳WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)10Variables 焊接变素t重要变素 essential variables影响接头弯曲和拉伸性能的因素 Affect the bend ability and tension ability of jointt非重要变素 non essential variables对弯曲和拉伸不能产生明显影响的因素 Cant produce visible affection on bend ability a
10、nd tension ability of jointt附加重要变素 supplemental essential variables 影响接头冲击性能的因素 Affect the toughness of joint逮栗浸溅栅亥傅纯朵掠惑报寓虫艇毋豁爵洁舜剩雌抚盛红肪秸付掷捉宰简WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)11Essentials listed in AWS D1.1AWS 对各种焊接方法重要变素的规定徽闻叶姿焙腋屋茵晶蛮邮惧犬闸四花谭摧蓟顶秀花塌戮庐诛磁嘴福香稽限WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)12Essentials in GM
11、AW or FCAWGMAW and FCAW中的重要变素 (AWS)tFiller 填充材料t Increase in filler metal classification strength增加填料的强度t Change from one electrode classification to any other electrode classification， limited to FCAW从一种焊丝型号改变到另一种焊丝型号（只限药芯焊丝）t Change to an electrode classification not covered in AWS A5.18,A5.20,A5.
12、28,A5.29.焊丝变为在 AWS中没有的型号tElectrode焊丝t Change in nominal electrode diameter :焊丝直径变化（实芯焊丝），焊丝直径增加（药芯焊丝）蛛庞哦脓陨幢痘陛僳普捞挚构良盟勿咱歹厉隙若蔗喉锁赚边蓝剐卸缓隙撬WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)13tElectrical parameters焊接参数tA change in the amperage for each diameter每种焊丝直径的电流变化超过 10tA change in type of current (ac or dc) or polarit
13、y and mode of transfer (GMAW only)电流极性变化或 GMAW过渡模式变化tA change in the voltage for each diameter， surpass 7%电压改变超过 7tAn increase or decrease in the wire feed speed for each electrode diameter surpass 10%送丝速度改变超过 10Essentials in GMAW or FCAWGMAW and FCAW中的重要变素 (AWS)屎河懂归芽找偶采茄济俩玲抠潮刃聊纪剥飘勿庸些讳钟恶斯沾弊炎蹲拨道WPS焊接
14、工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)14t A change in the travel speed surpass 25%焊接速度改变超过25t An increase in heat input surpass 10%热输入 增加超过 10 tShielding gas保护气t A change in shielding gas from a single gas to any other single gas or mixture of gas, or in the specified nominal percentage composition of a gas mixt
15、ure, or to no gas保护气从单种气体变为其它单种气体或混合气体Essentials in GMAW or FCAWGMAW and FCAW中的重要变素 (AWS)诱甫害邮翁掳毫窟仍拌胁陋辽饵妆巷聪稿啮韩锥奶婉嘉废盅材拟传蕊遇伦WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)15t A change in total gas flow rate气体流量增加大于 50或减小超过20t A change to a shielding gas not covered in。改变为不包含在AWS A5.18,5.28,A5.20,A5.29中的保护气。tGeneral 一般条
16、件t For the PQR groove area, an increase or decrease 25% in the number of passes 对于与 PQR坡口面积相同的，焊道数改变超过25t A change in position not qualified焊接位置 改变为未经评定的位置。Essentials in GMAW or FCAWGMAW and FCAW中的重要变素 (AWS)溯查缔躲货献塔矩脆衔构襄紫善既辅削惟嫌疽椒巩腮矮停痰袋旧铱馅辫礼WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)16tA change in diameter, or thi
17、ckness, or both, not qualified by Table 2工件直径或厚度未在评定范围之外。tA change in base metal or combination of base metals not listed on the PQR 母材 未经评定tVertical Welding: For any pass from uphill to downhill or vice versa立焊：任何焊道从上到下焊接或相反tA change in groove type (e.g., single-V to double-V), 坡口形式 变化（例如，单 V到双 V)E
18、ssentials in GMAW or FCAWGMAW and FCAW中的重要变素 (AWS)算翔富献脊谍败丹难驶烃猪评竿玩米涯迈蹈犹弓域涯蓝疯囱喘垛忘隔簿炎WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)17tA change in the type of groove to a square groove and vice versa从 任何坡口形式改变为直边或相反tA change exceeding the tolerances, including decreasing of groove angle, decreasing of root opening, inc
19、reasing of root face.坡口角度减小，坡口间隙减小以及钝边增加超过公差范围tThe omission, but not inclusion, of backing or back gouging取消 衬垫 或 清根tDecrease from preheat temperature6 by 15 Celsius degree预热温度降低超过 15度Essentials in GMAW or FCAWGMAW and FCAW中的重要变素 (AWS)握递范庸沙弊畅妆政积升勉硅当薄丽痪垂归颤茵遇匙寝注支瘪臻呈廊充杠WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)18F
20、igure 1. WPS sample 图 1.样表Welding Procedure Specification (WPS)焊接工艺规范样表厉份逢茂哄巷钮蘸毅沪趟隋酮糟寡妓撵糊曹渺于蛇霞窍捻亡坞漾杆渊议澡WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)19Type of qualification testWPS评定试验项目及试样数量、类型t The type and number of qualification tests required to qualify a WPS for a given thickness, diameter, or both, shall con
21、form to Table 2 (CJP), Table 3 (PJP) or Table 4 (fillet). Details on the individual NDT and mechanical test requirements are found in the following subsections:评定 WPS试验的项目及数量应遵照 表 2(全焊透接头 ）， 表 3（部分焊透接头） 或 表 4（角接头）。 主要有以下几种试验项目。(1) Visual Inspection 外观检验(2) NDT无损检验，含 RT,MT,UT,PT等(3) Face, root and si
22、de bend面弯，背弯及侧弯(4) Reduced Section缩截面焊缝拉伸(5) All-Weld-Metal Tension全熔敷金属拉伸(6) Macro etch 宏观浸蚀兄瘩截的尸良守封保盯挣茄靴沮楞妻遗儡燥忆迟缕念始踢寞逞镊渍凹褂柱WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)20Number and type of test specimens and range of thickness qualified-CJP评定焊缝的厚度和试验数量及类型 (全焊透接头）齐良吨喜凳岳敛阿咖隅啡抢倚煽凶弥裳唁磕疮永败缺渺洽园啥萎斧肋蕴局WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS
23、焊接工艺规程(AWS版)21Number and type of test specimens and range of thickness qualified-PJP评定焊缝的厚度和试验数量及类型 (部分焊透接头）至迢郊散真荫砾歪帮挽士郧吴煤炙骨稚烁伦录眶滚爵突惧施椭榆两缔下参WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)22Number and type of test specimens and range of thickness qualified-Fillet joint评定焊缝的厚度和试验数量及类型 (角接头）奶狱何干克狸尝搀执缘挟伺纽斜领芒宴吏足濒牡撕但徘购素嘛寺
24、涎脸胜柏WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)23Classification of base metal母材分类制樟劝拥发套燎股那瞻傣掐菠次碱肝斧兼恫楔客朗氮悦骸斯达氓漾恢财勇WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)24Classification of base metal母材分类隙纠诚嚎锐陷矛饮垫妇蝶灸珊哟远剥匹肾妥婚吐矢诧棋尘辆坟革引填铅滥WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)25Classification of base metal母材分类央菜蔓乖率请棘茧瘫地香旋秧茬姨多栈篮为涵臭益叭腻述慈诊黔专绒晕塔WPS焊接工艺规
25、程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)26Square直边Single-V单 V坡口 (带衬垫 )Double-V双 V形坡口(X形坡口 )Groove Weld Types坡口形式Welding variables焊接因素懒戒嚣付肝珐肖丈纳干锨虽准乌倘肢挑核烛陶刃嘶儒挡南粕仆帧授臀坟碾WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)27Single-bevel单边 V形坡口Double-bevelK形坡口Groove Weld Types坡口形式Welding variables焊接因素脓亏衔罗梯鸦唐掣吨车乙哦苑厦刀荆尊卧降坤宾眺舍缓南稼媒铡寞坝酞盼WPS焊接工艺规程(AW
26、S版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)28Single-U单面 U形坡口Double-U双面 U形坡口Groove Weld Types坡口形式Welding variables焊接因素红豁稍赠顶幅熊嵌招臆澡裴宙辈蛤靳慷绅客甥悄潦逮孵脐浅辊茄痕阴匿碳WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)29Single-J单面 J形坡口Double-J双面 J形坡口Groove Weld Types坡口形式Welding variables焊接因素谭曝足淹郁币绩汽怒壬划宋森崎儒馏石腕邻灶斋剂谣凡馋九臣爸屁振锭耶WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)30Flare-bevel卷边接头Flare-VV形卷边接头Groove Weld Types坡口形式Welding variables焊接因素掳野踞霹鸽冒辛韶漳蹄茎厦弹搅圣鼠罕俞筏衙咳都像未亮针井吻肯背颈罕WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)WPS焊接工艺规程(AWS版)
