1、大学英语四六级考试及应试策略,大学英语四级简介,大学英语四级考试 (CET-4)每年举行2次。从2005年1月起，报道成绩满分为710分，凡成绩在220分以上的考生，由国家教育部高教司委托“全国大学英语四六级考试委员会”发成绩单。,四级考试题型和分数分布,710分,四级考试各部分测试内容、题型和所占分值比例,大学英语四级成绩单,四级答题顺序,作 文(30mins),段落翻译(30mins),11:25,听 力(30mins),匹 配(15mins),选词填空(8mins),传统阅读(17mins),在答题卡1上作答, 完成后交答题卡1.剩下题目在答卡2上作答.,9：00-9：10 播放考场指令
2、，发答题卡一和答题卡二9：10 考试正式开始，开始作文 （作文在答题卡上）(30 min) 9： 35 发试题册 ( 提醒：5分钟后 听力开始 ) 9： 40-10：10 完成作文，戴上耳机试音，听力考试开始(约 30 min) 10：10-10：15 暂停5分钟，收答题卡一 ( 作文和听力 ）10：15- 10：55 阅读( 选词+匹配+阅读 ) (约40 min) 10: 55- 11：25 段落翻译 (约 30 min) 11：25 考试结束：收试题册和答题卡二,四级考试流程,注意 （1）,最先写作文，等试题册发下来后，抓紧时间审题、拟题纲，尽早完成作文为做好听力做准备。这两项在答题卡1
3、上作答，完成后交答题卡1。因为答题卡1要提前交，所以作文和听力必须在规定时间内完成。充分利用收答题卡1的时间准备阅读。阅读及段落翻译在答卡2上作答。,注意（2）,做完听力后，剩下70分钟时间，要完成的 题型有：选词填空、段落匹配、两篇传统阅读及翻译。时间短，题量大，一定要注意时间的分配。听力和阅读占70%。所以四级考试的成绩主要由听力和阅读能力决定。,Writing ( I )段落（ paragraph ）是由表达单一中心思想（controlling idea or central idea ）的一组句子（包括主题句 topic sentence,推展句supporting sentences
4、及结论句concluding sentence）构成，是文章结构的基本独立单位。主题句是表达段落主题的句子。它用以概括段落大意，要求全段其他文字都围绕它展开（ 烦恼）。,How to write TS,主题句的构成：文章的主题+作者的观点 写好主题句的方法 1、一个完整的句子；2、内容要清楚； 3、内容要具体； 4、不能是描写细节的句子 判断以下能否作主题句 How to read a novel. Anyone can learn how to read a novel. TV is very important. TV plays an educational role in our da
5、ily life.,例句1: He can fix a bicycle himself.,修正：He can fix a bicycle himself in several simple steps. 修正：There are several reasons why he can fix a bicycle himself.,例句2: She tries to improve her looks.,修正： She tries many ways to improve her looks. 修正： There are some reasons why she tries to improve
6、her looks.,如何写好主题句,主题句由两部分组成，即主题(topic)和中心思想（controlling idea）。中心思想的作用是导向(control)和制约(limit)。所谓导向就是规定段落的发展脉络，所谓制约就是限制主题的覆盖范围，两者不可分割。没有导向，内容就会离题或偏题；没有制约，内容就可能超出一个段落所能容纳的范围。,下面我们通过实例进一步说明：Global Shortage of Fresh Water 所给的提纲有三点： 1.人们认为淡水是取之不尽的。 2.实际上淡水是非常紧缺的 。 3.我们应该怎么办？,1. 人们认为淡水是取之不尽的。,Some people b
7、elieve that the fresh water will never be used up .Because people can get fresh water from the rains, from the rivers, from the wells and from the lakes, it seems that we have more than enough fresh water to use.,2. 实际上淡水是非常紧缺的 。,But as a matter of a fact, the whole world is in server shortages of f
8、resh water. With the development of industry, more and more factories use a lot of fresh water. Many factories discharge a large number of poisonous wastes into the rivers and lakes and cause serious pollution of the fresh water. And because of the rapid increase of the worlds population, there is c
9、ontinuously rising demand for fresh water. In fact, in some big cities, fresh water cannot meet the peoples daily needs.,3. 我们应该怎么办？,Now it is time for us to do something to solve the problem of the fresh water shortage. First, we must take efficient steps to protect our fresh water from being pollu
10、ted and make it clean. Then we must let everyone understand the dangerous situation he is in. We must also educate the people to know: where is no water, there is no human being.,大学英语四级作文模板：解决方法题型 1 问题现状 2 怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点),In recent days, we have to face I problem-A, which is becoming more and more se
11、rious. First, -(说明的现状) Second, -(举例进一步说明现状) Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, -(解决方法一). For another -(解决方法二). Finally, -(解决方法三). Personally, I believe that -(我的解决方法). Consequently, Im confident that a bright future is awaiting
12、 us because -(带来的好处).,大学英语四级作文模板：说明利弊题型 1 说明事物现状 2 事物本身的优缺点（或一方面） 3 你对现状（或前景）的看法,Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First -(的优点之一). Besides -（A的优点之二）. But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects
13、are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that -(的第一个缺点)To make matters worse,-(A的第二个缺点) Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to -(我的看法) From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A
14、, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, -(对前景的预测),大学英语四级作文模板：图表（漫画） 1 描述图片（数据） 2 分析原因 3 观点总结,as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), _作文题目的议题_ has been on rise/ decrease(goesup/incr
15、eases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from_ in _ to _ in _. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that _. There are at least two good reasons accounting for _. On the one hand, _. On the other hand, _ is due to the fact that _
16、. In addition, _ is responsible for _. Maybe there are some other reasons to show _. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing. As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.,Listening（II） S
17、hort conversation：A）It has nothing to do with the internet.She needs another week to get it readyIt contains some valuable ideasShes far from being ready yet.,Short conversation：The bank around the corner is not open today. The bank near the railway station closes late. The woman should try her luck
18、 in the bank nearby. The woman should use dollars instead of pounds.,long conversation： A) Two police officers B) friends.C) A police officer and an investigatorD) A police officer and a program hostess2. A) He is a good supervisorB) He is an experienced police officerC) He doesnt like his present j
19、obD) He enjoys doing the patrol work,long conversation： 3. A) Detective workB) Undercover workC) Patrol workD) Supervising investigationsA) People back over policemanB) People shoot policemanC) People curse policemanD) People jump out at policeman,Passages 1： 1. A) The night beforeB) Two weeks befor
20、eC) That morningD) That afternoon 2.) A) They wanted to meet Johnny at he gate of the club.B) They wanted to park their car near the clubC) They were too excited to wait any longerD) They wanted to get a table near the dance floor,Passages 1： 3. A) They had got married a month before B) They had beg
21、un dating each other a month beforeC) They had started their new life togetherD) They were engaged to be married,Passages 2：missing information原复合式听写调整为单词或者词组听写。取消句子的听写，听写变成全部考察单词或者短语。改革前的复合式听写，要求考生根据听到的内容写出3个句子和7个单词。新四级要求考生在听懂短文的基础上，用所听到的原文填写空缺的单词或词组，共10题 短文播放二遍，注意停顿的时间取消。相比之前的句子来说，难度降低了，但对于学生对整段听力
22、的理解能力则有提高要求。同时由于没有了句子，要求学生速记的能力提高了 注重预览和检查,Reading（III）Words choosing：Classify the given wordsMatchingSearching informationtraditional readingpinpoint the information,Paragraph translating（IV） 方法和步骤：1. 阅读原文，理解原文，获得总体印象。 2. 处理原文句子，正确断句，合句，找准主语。理解原文中的语言现象和逻辑关系，注意汉英两种语言的不同表达习惯，综合翻译技巧进行翻译。 3.修改，对译文修正、加工
23、、润饰。第一步：对照原文一句一句修改，看原文内容、思想是否准确表达出来；有无漏译、错译、曲解的地方；译文语言是否通顺。 第二步：脱离原文， 反复阅读后进行修改。看上下文有无不连接的地方，前后有无矛盾、重复的地方，有无逻辑不通的地方。,汉语 VS 英语 不同表达习惯,一、英语重结构，汉语重语义 二、英语多长句，汉语多短句 三、英语多从句，汉语多分句 四、主语，宾语等名词成分“英语多代词，汉语多名词” 五、英语多被动，汉语多主动 六、英语多变化，汉语多重复 七、英语多抽象，汉语多具体 八、英语多引申，汉语多推理,英汉结构差异,连接方式： 汉语隐形，即连接词很少出现或不出现，这体现为意合; 英语显性
24、，即连接词出现，体现为形合 组句方式： 汉语：动词多，短句多，常按时间顺序或前因后果的逻辑关系排列，呈链状； 英语：常按句内主次从属关系排列，在句子主体上添加修饰语以及限定语，形成严谨的树状结构。,1. 正确判断句子之间的关系，补充连接手段，实现显性连接。 e.g. 在这一年半中，她抄写、背写英语单词的纸，累起来可达桌子高。 思路：SVO=纸+达到+桌子高。 问题：累起来怎么处理？ In that year and a half, the paper on which she had copied English words or written them down from memory,
25、if stacked up, could reach the table from the floor.,结构差异带来的启示,2. 掌握内在联系正确断句我们的班主任姓王，五十开外，方脸，一脸的胡子。 Mr. Wang, the head teacher responsible for our class, was over fifty. He had a square-shaped face with a full beard.,结构差异带来的启示,3. 正确安排句子基本框架，主次清楚，符合原意 原文：大家都记得1979年秋天，当这个总共只念过八年书、连英文字母也认不全，而且已有三个孩子的女工
26、，竟然报名上电大英语班时，招来了多少惊讶的目光。 They remember how many astonished looks were cast at her in the autumn of 1979, when this woman worker with only 8 years schooling, little acquaintance with the English alphabet and three children to look after, actually enrolled in the English class offered by the local TV
27、university.,结构差异带来的启示,大学英语四级考试写作和段落翻译评分标准,阅卷标准共分五等：2分，5分，8分，11分及14分。,2分： 条理不清楚，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均 有错误，且多数为严重错误。 5分： 基本切题，表达思想不够清楚，连贯性差，有较多严重的语言错误。 8分： 基本切题，有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯，但语言错误较多，其中有少量的严重错误。 11分：切题，表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。 14分：切题，表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好，基本无语言错误。 0分-白卷；作文（翻译）与题目不相关；只有几个孤立的词，无法表达思想。 15分 特别优秀的作文（翻译）。,策略：,1.平时努力，知识在于积累,2.考前突击：临阵磨枪，不快也光（词汇、听力、作文）,祝大家：取得好成绩 ！,2016年6月全国大学英语六级考试报考资格1. 大学英语四级考试成绩达到425分以上（含425分）的在校大学生，2. 大学英语四级网考成绩达到425分以上（含425分）的在校大学生，3. 2016年6月以前已获得大学英语四级证书的在校大学生。 全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会http:/
