1、,Study the following movements of body language. Then work in pairs to discuss what each gesture means in your culture.,Nodding your head up and down,It means “I agree” or it shows that you are paying attention.,Shaking your head,It means you are saying “No!” or it shows that you are disappointed.,W
2、aving your hand while curling the fingers downward/upward,It means “Come here!”,Passage Reading,Structure Analysis,More Than Words,Part I Para.1 Introduction,Part II Para.2-5 Main Body,Part III Para.6 Conclusion,Structure Analysis,Part I (Para.1) IntroductionPara. 1 Body language or nonverbal langua
3、ge is also an important meansof communication.,Part II (Para. 2-5) Main Idea: Communicating in a foreignlanguage can be difficult if wedont understand the nonverbalsignals of that culture. Para.2 The meaning shown by noddingthe head (up and down) varies indifferent cultures.,Para. 3 Eye contact can
4、mean different thingsin different countries. Spanish-speaking countries vs. U.S.Para. 4 The sign of waving the hand. Asia vs.North America.Para. 5 Personal conversation distance.North America vs. Latin America orMiddle East.,Part III (Para.6) ConclusionPara.6 To communicate successfully in aforeign
5、language, we need to mastera fifth skillcultural awareness.,Detailed Reading,1. When you learn a foreign language you must learnmore than just the vocabulary and the grammar.,Translation,当你学一门外语的时候，你要学的不仅仅是词汇和语法。,Comments,Here “more than” means “not only”. Sometimes “more than” means “a greater or a
6、dditional number or amount of”. Sometimes it means “very”.,Examples,1. There are two more students here than yesterday. 2. They were more than glad to help. 3. He was more than upset by the accident.,2. “Body language” is a term used to describe facialexpressions, gestures, and other movements of th
7、e body that send messages.,Translation,Comments,“肢体语言”是用来描述那些可以传递信息的脸部表情、手势以及其他身体动作的术语。,“used to” here is a past participle phrase modifying “term”. “used to”为过去分词作后置定语，修饰“term”。,Contrast,used to do, be/get used to sth./doing sth.,used to do: 过去常常做 You used to smoke a pipe, didnt you?,be/get used to
8、 sth./doing sth. :习惯于,The food in England is strange at first but youll soonget used to it.He is quite used to hard work / working hard.,term n.,1. a word or phrase used to express a definite idea 术语，词语a medical term 医学术语 legal terms 法律术语2. a fixed or limited period of time 期；期限The President is elec
9、ted for a four-year term.,in terms of:,The book has been well reviewed, but in terms of actual sales it has not been very successful.,Expression:,至于；关于；从观点来看,3. This means of communication is so important that wemay actually say more with our movements than wedo with words.,Translation,这种交流方法非常重要，实际
10、上我们用动作表达的信息比用言语表达的信息还要多。,Comments,so + adj./adv. + (that) 如此/非常以至于,Examples,1. He was so young that you must excuse him. 2. It was so dark that he couldnt see the faces ofhis companions.,means n.,a method or way (of doing) 方法，手段1. All possible means have been tried.2. The quickest means of travel is
11、 by plane.,by all means: 当然，完全可以 ；想尽一切办法1. Can I see it? By all means. 2. You must finish the work by all means.by no means: 决不，一点儿也不She is by no means poor; in fact, she is quite rich.,Expressions:,signal,sign, gesture, sound, etc. that conveys a message, demand, etc. 信号，暗号,n.,1. A red light is a s
12、ignal to stop.,红灯是停止前进的信号。,2. This opinion poll is a clear signal to the President that the voters do not support his foreign policy.,这项民意测验向总统清楚地表明选民们不支持他的外交政策。,mean v. & adj.,1. 表示的意思，意思是These symbols mean nothing to me.,2. 本意是，原意为She said Tuesday, but she meant Thursday.,v.,adj.,1. 小气的，吝啬的She is
13、very mean with his money. 他用钱十分吝啬。,2. 不客气的，无情的，刻薄的It was mean of you not to let the children play in the snow.,4. Visitors to other countries must be aware of the difference or they may send the wrong message.,or 可做并列连词，表示“否则，要不然”。,去国外访问的人必须了解这种差别，否则就会传递错误的信息。,Translation,Comments,Examples,1. Wear t
14、he coat or you will catch cold.,2. She cant be ill or she wouldnt have come.,5. Although we rarely think about it, the distance thatwe stand from someone during a conversation is alsoan important part of communication.,Translation,我们在谈话时与对方保持的距离同样也是交流过程中的一个重要方面，虽然我们很少想到这一点。,Comments,Pay attention to
15、 “rarely”. In this sentence “rarely” means “seldom”. The sentence should be an inverted one if it begins with “rarely”. Rarely have I seen such a wonderful recovery in my patients.,Examples,6. Generally, North Americans prefer more space than do Latin Americans and people from the Middle East.,Trans
16、lation,通常,北美人比拉丁美洲人和中东人更喜欢彼此间距离大一点。,比较状语从句的倒装。在than引导的复合句中，如果谓语动词省略,且两句的主语进行比较，than后可用倒装。,Comments,Example,She spent more time on English study than did the other students.,她花在英语学习上的时间比其他同学都多。,prefer,vt. 宁可，宁愿（选择）；更喜欢,1. prefer+名词/动名词I prefer the white one. 我喜欢那个白的。I prefer going by bike. 我宁愿骑单车去。2.
17、 prefer to do 愿意做I prefer to go at once. 我愿意马上就走。3. prefer sb. to do 愿意某人做I prefer you to go at once. 我希望你马上就走。4. prefer sth. to sth. 宁愿(做)而不(做)I prefer tea to milk. 我宁愿喝茶也不喝牛奶。I prefer watching TV to going out. 我宁愿看电视也不出去。5. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做而不做I prefer to watch TV rather th
18、an go out.我宁愿看电视也不出去。,7. The person who prefers more distance usually losesthe fight when he finds himself with his back against the wall.,Comments,find + object + object complement 发现处于状态,Translation,通常，喜欢距离大点儿的那个人往往退到背靠墙，无路可退为止，他（拉大距离）的努力也以失败告终。,Examples,1. She found it difficult to understand him
19、. 2. We found him (to be) dishonest.,occur vi. 发生,1. Dont let the mistake occur again.,不要让这种错误再次发生。,2. The traffic accident occurred at five oclock.,那起交通事故发生在5点钟。,词义辨析：occur, happen, take place,1.既可用happen也可用occur来表达某事件是偶然发生， 但occur要比happen更正式。,When did the explosion happen/occur?,那起爆炸事故是什么时候发生的？,2.
20、 短语take place用来表达某事件是事先安排好，必然会发生的。,When will the wedding take place?,婚礼何时开始？,8. We are not really prepared to communicate in a foreign language unless we know whether to shake hands or bow, when to sit and stand, and how to behave in unfamiliar situations.,Translation,如果我们不知道应该握手还是鞠躬，什么时候坐着，什么时候站着，在
21、不熟悉的场合应该有什么样的举止，那么我们就没有真正具备用外语交流的能力。,Comments,不定式“whether/when/where/what/how/who/which + to do是 “know” 的宾语。,Examples,1. I do not know whether to go to the movies orstay at home and watch TV. 2. I am not sure whom to ask for help.,1) 除非你有经验，否则你得不到这份工作。(unless)2) 我把大部分时间花在研究中美文化的差异上了。(spend),4. Trans
22、lation:,You wont get the job unless youve got the experience.,I spent most of my time studying the differences between Chinese and American cultures.,3) 这句话意思极清楚，决不会引起误解。(so that),He wishes he could give her more help than he does.,The statement/sentence is so clear that it cant cause any misunderst
23、anding.,4) 他希望能够给予她比现在更多的帮助。(more than),5) 要记得邀请她来参加生日晚会，不然她会抱怨的。(or),Remember to invite her to the birthday party, or she would complain.,6)主任说：“你必须把购置设备的2,500美元加到成本中去。”(add to),It is important to be aware of your strengths and weaknesses and the environment you are in.,“You have to add $2,500 for buying equipment to the cost,” said the director.,7)了解自己的长处、弱点以及所处的环境很重要。(be aware of),8) 如果你继续对大家这么粗鲁，不久你就会发现自己什么朋友都没有了。(find oneself without),You will soon find yourself without any friends at all if you keep on being so rude to everybody.,
