1、CET4 选词填空和完形,By Jery Chang,CET 4 TIMING AND PROPORTION,Syllabus,Lecture one - 选词填空技巧 + 练习+高频单词1 Lecture two - 选词填空练习 + 高频单词2 Lecture three - 完形填空技巧 + 练习 +高频单词3 Lecture four - 完形填空练习 + 高频单词4,第一讲：选词填空,填空题型概论 解题操作 真题分析 练习,选词填空出现在答题卡2的仔细阅读部分（共25分钟），在阅读题之前，所以本题型共15选10最佳完成时间应控制在7分以内。其特点是：选项均为高频的实意词， 以辨析词性
2、和词意为主难点是：词性有迷惑性，一个错误可能导致更多的错误,选词填空具体解题操作 ,预览选项，了解词义并把选项分为四大类词性：名词n，动词v，形容词a，副词ad，在每个选项后作词性的简要标记2. 精读全文开头，把握文章主题，并以三个空或一个段落为一个单位，利用前后文判断每空的词性3. 把对应词性的选项逐一带回原文，含义通顺，时态、主谓搭配一致的为正确选项。,词性辨析,十五个选项按词性分为名词、动词、形容词、副词等类别。其中名词n.-做主语和宾语, 动词v.-做谓语，形容词adj.-做定语，副词adv.-做状语。特点：四种实词中，考的最少的是副词adv（非常容易辨析）, 不超过2个空。根据真题，
3、动词一般是考（容易辨析）3个，名词，形容词数目（容易辨析）从2到4不定。辨析词性需要注意些什么呢？,在辨析词性的时候，要注意词缀。常见的名词后缀-sion，-tion，如：starvation，attraction，profession-ity，如：quality，diversity常见动词后缀：-ate，如：estimate，generate-en，如：widen，worsen常见形容词后缀：-able，如：stable，affordable-tive，-sive，如：destructive，excessive ，sensitive-ous，如：unconscious，enormous常见副
4、词后缀：-ly，如：deliberately，completely，remarkably，,2. 要注意词性的单一性和多样性。特别是动词，比如 display, concern, challenge，既是动词也是名词，这时这个词的几个词性都应该标出来。 3.动词还要分两类，那就是谓语和非谓语动词。所谓非谓语动词，就是-ing, -ed, to do型的，其它的都是谓语动词。如trembling：her hands are trembling. / trembling hands 再如acquired：Academic skills he acquired. / newly acquired s
5、kills,4. 词性一时无法确定的，暂时搁置，不必纠缠，影响全局。5. 作出相应的标记。可直接用自己最清楚的符号清楚标在选项的前面,也就是A, B, C的前面方便对照。,A) estimate；B) strength； C) deliberately；D) notify； E) tropical；F) phenomenon； G) stable；H) attraction； I) completely；J) destructive； K) starvation；L) bringing； M) exhaustion；N) worth； O) strike,以真题为例辨词性,选词填空,判断原文空
6、缺处所需单词的词性，缩小正确选项范围，然后，根据上下文的内在逻辑结构选择合适的选项填空。,确定名词,通常来说，冠词(如a，an，the)、形容词、介词后面搭配名词，即“a/an/the/adj./prep. + n。”，举例说明：Education soon became a _.（nightmare） As the trade winds lessen in _, the ocean temperatures rise causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5 degrees. (
7、06-6) (strength) Husbands and children now do some of these jobs, a _ that has changed the target market for many products. (06-12) (situation),确定动词,动词的考点很多，我们来看其中三种：1. 主语后缺谓语动词。举例说明： He _ from his teachers, came home in tears and thought about dropping out. （hid）Thats why a growing number of hospit
8、als now depend upon physicians who _ in pain medicine. (07-6) (specialize),2. 当出现“一个完整的句子 + ，_ + 名词/介词”的结构时，逗号后边的部分是伴随状语，表示伴随状态或者表示原因，应当填动词加ing形式或动词加ed形式。当这个动词与句子主语是主动关系，填动词加ing形式，当两者是被动关系，填动词加ed形式。举例说明：The rainfall is increased across South America, _ floods to Peru. (06-6) (bringing) 3. 横线处如果填谓语动词
9、，往往与上下半句的谓语动词时态一致。举例说明：In particular, when older patients _ of pain, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to learn to live with it. (07-6) (complained),确定形容词,当出现“a/the/the most/more +_+名词”的结构时，横线处通常填形容词举例说明：The 1982-83 EI Nino brought the most _ weather in modern history
10、. (06-6) （destructive）,确定副词,1动词的附近（指前面或后面）。 * students outperform their peers * jobs that used to be done by women2形容词的前面。 * but they are still not sure what leads to it3句子的前面。 * Not , the jury found them both guilty ）,2006年12月A) scale B) retailed C) generate D) extreme E) technically F) affordable
11、G) situation H) really I) potential J) gap K) voluntary L) excessive M) insulted N) purchase O) primarily,The flood of women into the job market boosted economic growth and changed U.S. society in many ways. Many in-home jobs that used to be done_47_ by women-ranging from family shopping to preparin
12、g meals to doing _48_ work-still need to be done by someone .Husbands and children now do some of these jobs, a _49_ that has changed the target market for many products. Or a working woman may face a crushing “poverty of time “ and look for help elsewhere , creating opportunities for producers of f
13、rozen meals, child care centers, dry cleaners, financial services, and the like.,Although there is still a big wage _50_ between men and women, the income working women _51_ gives them new independence and buying power. For example, women now _52_ about half of all cars. Not long ago, many cars deal
14、ers _53_ women shoppers by ignoring them or suggesting that they come back with their husbands. Now car companies have realized that women are _54_ customers. Its interesting that some leading Japanese car dealers were the first to _55_ pay attention to women customers. In Japan, fewer women have jo
15、bs or buy cars - the Japanese society is still very much maleoriented. Perhaps it was the _56_ contrast with Japanese society that prompted American firms to pay more attention to women buyers,A compare B responsible C useful D added E find F reference G indirect H method I successful J combined K N
16、ecessarily L capacity M ability N Basically O adopt,As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is _1_ for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees a
17、bout pay. If a firm wants to _2_ a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a _3_ of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be _4_, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers. In job e
18、valuation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of thsoe requirements is given a value, usually in “points“, which are _5_ together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on the
19、ir knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their _6_ to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without _7_ to an evaluation system based on points. In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Departme
20、nt should _8_ the value of each job with these in the job market. _9_, payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the works done with hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen, for _10_ work
21、ers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.,1.选B)。此处应填形容词。原文意思为“会计部门.计算报酬”，选项中的形容词responsible“负责任的”，useful“有用的”，indirect“间接的”，successful“成功的”，其中indirect不能与for连用，排除;剩余几项中只有B)responsible意义符合原句，其他均不符合，故排除。 2.选O)。此处应填动词原形。本文主题就是采用一种新的工资和薪水制度时需要注意的问题，选项中的动词原形有compare
22、“比较”，find“找到”，adopt“采纳”，分别带入原文，只有adopt最符合原文意思，故选O). 3.选H)。此处应填名词。从原文看，and连接并列结构，所以要填的词应与and后面的ways意思一致，选项中的名词只有mathod = ways，故选H)method。 4.选I)。此处应填形容词。上文说新的工资制度需要一套决定工作评估和衡量雇员表现的方法，说的是制度“是否有用”的问题。这句说的时新的工资制度执行过程中的问题，劳资双方先期达成一致是薪酬制度成功的必要条件。形容词useful和successful，I)seccessful更符合原文意思。 5.选D)。此处应填动词。这个动词的宾
23、语是point“分值”，把分值.起来to give a total value“得出总分值“，选项中有added和combined，前者指“把.相加”，后者意为“把.结合在一起”，原文指将分值相加得出总分，故D)added最符合文意。 6.选M)。此处应填名词。首先solve problem“解决问题”是经理们应具备的能力，选项中的capacity与ability都可以表示“能力”;前者强调的是理解的能力和接受事物的能力，而后者强调实际应用的能力，故不难判断解决问题的能力应该用M)ability。 7.选F)。此处应填名词。前半句指出“因为管理工作很难评估，经理的工作得分不需要参照基于分值的评
24、估系统决定。”without reference to为固定搭配，意思是“与.无关”。故选F)reference。 8.选A)。此处应填动词原形。原句中出现了the value of each job“每种工作的价值”和these in the job market“工作市场上的(工作价值)”，说明人事部门通过比较两种价值来计算工资制度。选项中只有compare表示“比较”，所以A)正确。 9.选K)。此处应填副词，修饰整句话。“报酬要随工作表现各方面的不同而有所改变”，选项中Necessarily“必须地”与Basically“基本地”为副词，分别带入原文，“报酬.的变化是必须的”更符合上下文意思，故排除N),选K)。 10.选G)。此处应填形容词。前文中提到一种情况即simple to measure the work done“易于评估的工作“，通常用现金奖励办法;而.measurement is difficult“难于评估的”，说明这些工作人员的工作不像手工工作那么直接，因而是间接的，故选项中只有G)indirect符合原句的意思。,
