1、1,Words and phrases expressing feelings and emotions,2,“Verb + Noun” collocation,3,Word formation: prefixes of negation and degree,4,Commonly used words and constructions,5,Sentences with time, place or event nouns as the subjects,6,Useful expressions,Look for words and phrases in the text expressin
2、g the authors feelings and emotions.,Words and phrases expressing feelings and emotions,Words and phrases expressing feelings and emotions,I was in the car when the email popped up in my inbox letting me know I had gotten into my dream school, and I burst into tears of pure joy. (Para. 1),More words
3、 and phrases expressing joy:,full of the joys of spring, grin from ear to ear, cheerful, joyful, delightful, pleasant,However, when the remaining admissions decisions came out, words cant begin to describe the excitement I felt when I learned that I was also accepted to Harvard University. (Para.2),
4、More words and phrases expressing excitement:,rejoice with wild excitement, burst with excitement, thrilling, overwhelming,Words and phrases expressing feelings and emotions,Look for words and phrases in the text expressing the authors feelings and emotions.,I decided to visit both campuses before m
5、aking my final decision, and to my surprise, fell in love with Harvard. (Para.3),More words and phrases expressing surprise:,leave open-mouthed, take ones breath away, unbelievable, shocking, stunning,Words and phrases expressing feelings and emotions,Look for words and phrases in the text expressin
6、g the authors feelings and emotions.,After I enrolled at Harvard, I was eager to start the next phase of my life, but anxious at the thought of being across the country so far from home. (Para. 4),More words and phrases expressing anxiety:,butterflies in ones stomach, worried, longing, yearning, imp
7、atient, eager,Words and phrases expressing feelings and emotions,Look for words and phrases in the text expressing the authors feelings and emotions.,Look for words and phrases in the text expressing the authors feelings and emotions.,If I ever felt overloaded, I only had to walk down the stairs to
8、see my proctor, or set up a meeting with my academic adviser. (Para. 7),More words and phrases expressing tiredness:,worn out, tired, exhausted, fatigued, over-worked, wearied,Words and phrases expressing feelings and emotions,Now, choose the words and phrases just learned and brainstorm more expres
9、sions to describe the feelings you have so far as a freshman.,Group Discussion,Reference: excited, sad, tired, interested,curious, confused, nervous, comfortable, at home,Words and phrases expressing feelings and emotions,Verbs that collocate with “decision”, “life” and “problem”,“Verb + Noun” collo
10、cation,I decided to visit both campuses before making my final decision, (Para. 3),Collocation refers to a group of two or more words that usually go together. Learning collocations can help us build up chunks of language. Putting together these chunks of language leads to more fluent English.,More
11、examples:,take a risk; make the bed; open an account,1) Look for collocations of verbs with “decision” in Paras. 2 and 5 of Text A.,“Verb + Noun” collocation,Thus, I faced one of the toughest decisions in choosing between Stanford and Harvard. (Para. 2),One semester later, I have to say that I had m
12、ade the best decision of my life. (Para. 5),2) List more verbs that may collocate with “invitation”, “success” and “balance”,“Verb + Noun” collocation,e.g. I spent the next few months imagining myself as a Cardinal, and preparing myself to accept their invitation. (Para. 1).,Reference examples:,“Ver
13、b + Noun” collocation,(receive/ decline/ extend) an invitation,(obtain / get / reach / attain / gain / enjoy / wish / secure / win) a success,(keep/ strike/ seek/ maintain/ lose/ change/ affect/ destroy) a balance,3) Fill in the blanks in the box with verbs that collocate with “decision”, “life” and
14、 “problem” in Ex. 6.,“Verb + Noun” collocation,reach,shape,analyze,approve,improve,solve,Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with collocations in the box above. Make changes where necessary.,“Verb + Noun” collocation,1) It would be sensible for you to discuss the matter with your parents b
15、efore_ a decision.,Exercise 6,2) “The reason why we were unable to _ a decision is that everybody has his or her own opinion,” he said.,making,reach,“Verb + Noun” collocation,3) These motivating and inspiring talks I listened to online definitely _ my life.,Exercise 6,4) Love and fear are opposite e
16、motional attitudes that _ our life in very different ways.,changed,shape,5) Festivals make us _ our life, be proud of our customs and forget our work for a little while.,enjoy,“Verb + Noun” collocation,Exercise 6,6) It is unrealistic to expect them to be able to _the problem immediately.,solve,7) Th
17、e teacher asked the students to _ the problem and see what had gone wrong.,8) You may actually _ more problems when using public transport, simply because you have less control over events.,analyze,encounter,Word formation is the creation of a new word.,Word Formation,Word formation: prefixes of neg
18、ation and degree,Major types of word formation,1. Derivation,Derivation is the process of forming new words from existing ones by adding affixes (prefix or suffix) to them, like in + depend + ence independence (Para. 4),Major types of word formation,2. Root,A root, as its name suggests, is a word or
19、 word part from which other words grow, usually through the addition of prefixes and suffixes. collaboration (working together) (Para. 7) The root of the word is col, a Latin root meaning “together, jointly” .,Word formation: prefixes of negation and degree,Major types of word formation,3. Conversio
20、n,Also known as zero-affixation, it involves forming a new word from an existing identical one, like forming the verb frequent (Para. 12) from the existing adjective.,Word formation: prefixes of negation and degree,Major types of word formation,4. Compounding,Compounding is a process of word formati
21、on by which two independent words are put together to form one word, like fresh + men freshmen (Para. 12),Word formation: prefixes of negation and degree,Prefixes are letters attached to the beginning of a word that usually change the meaning, but not the part of speech of the word. They help learne
22、rs to recognize words very quickly and smooth our reading. e.g. incredible (Para.11); overloaded (Para. 7),Prefix,Word formation: prefixes of negation and degree,This unit focuses on prefixes of negation and degree.,Word formation: prefixes of negation and degree,in(im, il, ir)-,dis-,non-,un-,over-,
23、out-,under-,super-,sub-,Prefixes of negation,Word formation: prefixes of negation and degree,in- (usually added before adj.),the opposite of; lack of a given quality,incomplete,im- (before words starting with m, p and b),il- (before words starting with l),ir- (before words starting with r),impossibl
24、e,illogic,irresponsible,Prefixes of negation,Word formation: prefixes of negation and degree,dis- (usually added before n., v. and adj.),un- (usually added before n., adj. and adv.),non- (usually added before n., adj.),not or the opposite of,not; the opposite of,not,disadvantage disagree dissimilar,
25、unwillingness unimportant unconsciously,nonsense non-existent,Prefixes of degree,Word formation: prefixes of negation and degree,over- (usually added before n., v., adj.),more than usual; too much,overload overwhelm overanxious,out- (usually added before v.),greater, better, further, longer, etc.,ou
26、tgrow outnumber,Prefixes of degree,Word formation: prefixes of negation and degree,super- (usually added before n., adj.),extremely; more or better than normal,superman supernatural,under- (usually added before n., v.),lower in age or rank; not enough,undergraduate underestimate,sub- (usually added
27、before n., adj.),below; less than,substandard subtropical,Word formation: prefixes of negation and degree,Watch the following micro-lecture to learn more about “Prefixes of negation and degree”.,Study the prefixes of negation and degree in the table. Then fill in the blanks in the sentences with wor
28、ds formed by matching the prefixes with the words in the box.,Exercise 7,Word formation: prefixes of negation and degree,1) I dont like him, and it would be _ of me to pretend otherwise.,Exercise 7,2) When asked, he said he didnt know it was _ to ride on the sidewalk there.,3) The government will ta
29、ke strong measures to punish the heartless producers of fake and _ food.,dishonest,illegal,substandard,Word formation: prefixes of negation and degree,4) Suffering from a(n) _ heartbeat, she immediately asked her son to send her to hospital.,Exercise 7,5) The divers hoped to _ some of the secrets of
30、 the seabed.,6) This argument sounds reasonable, but actually its _.,irregular,unlock,incorrect,Word formation: prefixes of negation and degree,Exercise 7,8) He took advantage of the summer vacation by doing part-time work in a _.,9) _ students in this university will spend at least one semester ove
31、rseas to help them develop a global outlook.,supermarket,Undergraduate,Word formation: prefixes of negation and degree,7) For the first time in history, the old will start to _ the young in this country.,outnumber,Exercise 7,Word formation: prefixes of negation and degree,10) Dont _ how much you can
32、 get done in a day, because many things take more time than we expect.,overestimate,Every single person here has the drive to learn and succeed, and I need only look across my classroom to find inspiration. (Para.11),Commonly used words and constructions,这里的每一个人都热爱学习，期待成功，我只需环顾教室就能获得学习的动力。,Commonly
33、used words and constructions,The exact meaning of commonly used words or constructions depend highly on the context and style in which they appear. Their translation needs a good understanding of both English and Chinese ways of expressions.,1) A gifted linguist, he was equally at home in French, Ge
34、rman and Spanish.,Commonly used words and constructions,More examples：,他是一位天才的语言学家，同样精通法、德和西班牙多种语言。,2) He is free with his money.,他花钱从不吝啬。,3) The record has been considered soft ever since it was set last June.,自从六月份创造了这个记录以来，人们一直认为它是很容易被打破的。,Translate the following sentences into Chinese, paying cl
35、ose attention to the right meaning and proper Chinese expression of the italicized words or constructions.,Commonly used words and constructions,Exercise 8,1) Collaboration in study groups is a huge part of surviving Harvards tough academic load. (Para.7),Commonly used words and constructions,Exerci
36、se 8,学习小组合作对应对哈佛繁重的学习任务起着重要的作用。,2) Whats great about Harvard and its surrounding area is that everything is so accessible. (Para.12),哈佛及其周边地区值得称道之处是：一切都相当便利。,3) I decided to visit both campuses before making my final decision, and to my surprise, fell in love with Harvard. (Para.3),Commonly used wor
37、ds and constructions,Exercise 8,我决定先实地考察一下这两所学校再做最后选择，没想到的是，我竟然喜欢上了哈佛。,4) I applied as a pre-med student but this semester has shown me that there are virtually limitless options to explore before declaring my major next year. (Para.6),Commonly used words and constructions,Exercise 8,我申请的是医学预科，但一个学期
38、下来，我发现在下一年确定专业之前，我实际上有无数的方向可以选择。,5) Being at Harvard can be overwhelming, but there is no other place Id rather be. (Para.13),Commonly used words and constructions,Exercise 8,虽然哈佛的学业压力会很大，但我就是宁愿呆在这里。,This past December brought long, comprehensive exams that make up finals period, but Harvards readin
39、g period, a dead week with no classes, was certainly a nice change from high school. (Para. 8),Sentences with time, place or event nouns as the subjects,It seems more vivid when the temporal phrase “this past December” serves as the subject of the sentence.,刚刚过去的12月份是期末考试阶段，排满了各种冗长的综合考试。但是哈佛读书周停课一周，
40、与高中阶段相比的确是一个很不错的改变。,Time，place，or event nouns used as the subject of a sentence will either make the sentence simpler in structure or more vivid in expression.,Sentences with time, place or event nouns as the subjects,1) Time used as the subject,e.g. Nightfall found the boy still a long way from hom
41、e.,夜幕降临时，那男孩回家还有好长一段路。,2) Place used as the subject,Sentences with time, place or event nouns as the subjects,More examples:,e.g. Beijing has witnessed many historic events.,北京经历了许多伟大的历史事件。,3) Event nouns used as the subject,e.g. Reading the magazines put many new thoughts into my head,我通过阅读那些杂志了解了许
42、多新观点。,Find out two more similar sentence patterns from the text.,Sentences with time, place or event nouns as the subjects,1. This semester has shown me that there are virtually limitless options to explore before declaring my major next year. (Para. 6),但一个学期下来，我发现在下一年确定专业之前，我实际上有无数的方向可以选择。,2. Liste
43、ning to them makes me keen to study abroad in the future. (Para. 11),听了他们的介绍后，我渴望将来能够出国深造。,Difference between Chinese and English sentence patterns when the subject is a time, place or an event noun.,Sentences with time, place or event nouns as the subjects,When stating an event, Chinese prefers to
44、put the time and place in which it occurs as an adverbial, hence rendering the whole statement a matter-of-fact tone.,e.g. The want of his family had kept him from school, and he had to work as a casual laborer.,他因家境贫寒失学，只好出去打工。,English, by contrast, prefers to give human qualities to time and/or pl
45、ace by representing them as the subject of a sentence. Moreover, conversion of word classes can often make your translation more idiomatic.,Sentences with time, place or event nouns as the subjects,e.g. The thick carpet killed the sound of my footsteps.,我走在厚厚的地毯上，悄然无声。,Translate the following senten
46、ces into English, with time, place or event nouns as the subjects.,Sentences with time, place or event nouns as the subjects,Exercise 9,1) 众所周知, 中国在2003 年成功地发射了第一艘载人宇宙飞船。( the year 2003 saw ),As is known to all, the year 2003 saw the successful launching of Chinas first manned spaceship.,2) 时间见证了这所大
47、学悠久的历史、自由的学术风气和充满活力的学生生活。(Time has witnessed ),Sentences with time, place or event nouns as the subjects,Exercise 9,Time has witnessed the long history, free academic atmosphere and energetic students life of the university.,3) 中国在新世纪将发生重大而深远的变化。(The new century will see ),The new century will see a
48、 significant and far-reaching change in China.,4) 南京这座古老而美丽的城市见证过许多重大的历史事件。 (Nanjing witnessed ),Sentences with time, place or event nouns as the subjects,Exercise 9,Nanjing, an ancient and beautiful city, has witnessed many great historic events.,5)重游青年时代曾经学习和工作过的地方时，他回忆起许多美好的往事。(A visit brought ba
49、ck ),A visit to the places where he had studied and worked during his youth brought back many fond memories.,1. 爱上,Useful Expressions,2. 踏入,3. 一想到,4. 不知道,5. 确定我的专业,6. 悠久的传统,7. 寻找一个契机,8.昏睡；失去知觉,1. fall in love with,2. set foot in,3. at the thought of,4. have no idea,5. declare my major,6. time-old tradition,7. find an avenue to,8. pass out,9. 弹出,Useful Expressions,
