1、1,研究生综合英语 Multiple English for Postgraduates,高级英语阅读 吴德本 张万义,2,Unit 2 What Makes a Leader,Part I Pre-reading tasks1). Background InformationJohn Fitzgerald KennedyHe was born on May 29, 1917 in Brookline, Massachusetts. Young Kennedy, after a,3,Kennedy,short spell at the London School of Economics an
2、d Princeton, entered Harvard. In 1940 he graduated from Harvard cum laude. Kennedy missed being nominated for vice-president by a few votes in 1956. when he decided to run for president in 1960, his name was widely known. Kennedys four,4,.,television debates with Republic candidate, Richard M. Nixon
3、, were a highlight of 1960 campaign. He became the master of the White House as the 35th President of the United States. In November 1963, President Kennedy journeyed to Texas for a speech-making tour. In Dallas on November 22, he and his wife were cheered,5,Kennedy,enthusiastically as their open ca
4、r passed through the streets. Suddenly, at 12:30 in the afternoon, an assassin fired several shots, striking the president twice, in the base of the neck and the head. The president was rushed to Parkland Memorial Hospital, where he was pronounced dead about a half hour later.,6,The Great Depression
5、 It means American economic period of drastic decline in the national economy, characterized by decreasing business activity, falling prices, and unemployment. From 1929 to 1932, America suffered the Great Depression, the stock market crash was the beginning of the depression. GNP shrank by more tha
6、n a half,7,The Great Depression,($87 billion in 1929 to $41 billion in 1933); the jobless went up to 15 million out of a total labor force of 45 million; over 5,500 banks failed; misery and personal suffering were widespread. Franklin D. Roosevelt was chosen to get American out of the Depression. Pa
7、rticularly, his New Deal and he did help overcome the most serious economic crisis,8,Pear Harbor An inlet on the southern coast of Oahu Island, Hawaii, with a narrow entrance to the Pacific. It is the site of the U.S. naval base attacked by Japan on December 7, 1941.,9,John Kennedy and His Wife,10,T
8、he Great Depression,11,Pear Harbor,12,Discussion 1.What image do you think a great leader ought to be have? 2.Who is the greatest leader? Why? 3.Do you think you have possessed many qualities of leaders? In what way?,13,Language study 1.shake up 1). to trouble the mind or feeling of;upset 使震惊；使不安 2)
9、. Reorganize; reshuffle重组 -The sad news has shaken her up pretty badly.(不安) -Did that lightning shake you up?(受惊) -The Board of Directors will shake upthe company.(改组),14,2Timing 1) The arrangement and control ofevents, actors etc. to get the desired results;时间的选择，时机的选择（以达到最佳的效果） 2) Control over the
10、 rate of an activity计时，定时，安排时间 - My timing was completely wrong.我完全选错了时机。 -They met to consider the timing ofelections.,15,3. eloquent: 1) (of a speech) of a kind that influences the hearers有说服力的，雄辩的 2) (of) expressing or showing (sth.) very strongly though without word. - The defense lawyer made an
11、 eloquent plea for his clients acquittal.辩护律师为他当事人的无罪释放作了有力的申辩。 - Eyes are more eloquent than lips.(谚) 眉目传情，胜过言语。an eloquent speaker 雄辩的演说家an eloquent eyes 会说话的眼睛an eloquent gesture 富于表情的姿势,16,4. straightforward 1) Honest, without hidden meanings 正直的，坦率的2）expressed or understood in a direct way, wit
12、hout difficulties简单的，易懂的 - Im quite a straightforward man myself.(坦诚的人) - The next morning he spoke his mind to her in a very straightforward manner. - The issue is not so straightforward.,17,5. potent: powerfula potent argument(说服力的)a potent antibiotic(强效抗生素)a potent rival (强有力的对手) 6. Come in handy
13、: to be useful from time to time.有用的，派上用场 - Robinson Crusoe found tools in the ship, which came in handy when he built a house. - A few more travelers check may come inhandy on holiday.,18,7. stand out: to be much better or the best显著，突出，杰出 - She stood out in the crowd by her beauty. - Jack stood ou
14、t as a track star. 8. come in for: to receive (esp. blame) 受到（批评，责备，虐待）；遭受；得到（注意） - His careless statement on TV came in for severe criticism from the audience.（指责) - The governments industrial plan has come infor much of the blame for the price rise in rawmaterials. - Tornadoes come in for a great
15、deal of attentionin summer.(注意),19,9. magnify: 1) To make sth Appear larger than in reality放大) exaggerate夸大，夸张 - I want to magnify picture. - She tends to magnify all her problems. - Although your skin looks smooth, enmagnified,it is full of bumps and hole.(凹凸不平)Magnify:指用显微镜等工具使图像或细节变大或看似变大 Enlarge
16、可指尺寸或空间的实际扩大 Expand主要指体积、面积向各个方向的扩大 Amplify常用以表示音量的扩大,20,10. Obscure: adj. 1) Vague, ambiguous 2) hard to understand; not clearv. to hide; make difficult to see - The point of his speech was scure.(要 地不明确) - Publishers would not print his earlierpoetry because they felt it was too obscure.(晦涩难懂) - T
17、he large building obscured the viewfrom our window.(遮住了我们窗外的风景),21,11.project: to express or represent (oneselfor ones nature, qualities, feelings, belief,etc.) outwardly, esp. in a way that has a favorable effect on others表明的特性；使显出特性（以获得好感） - A politician must project himself if hewants to win an e
18、lection.(必须充分表现自己),22,12. evacuate: to move (people) out ofdanger; to take all the people awayfrom ( a place)撤离 - The village was evacuated becauseof floods. - In the war, many children wereevacuated from the cities to thecountryside.,23,13. humiliate: to cause to feel humbleor to lose the respect of others;insult(丢脸的，屈辱的) - She felt humiliated by her daughtersbad manners. - It is humiliating to take orders fromhim. - It is humiliating that we may notmake our own decisions.,24,-The End-,Thank You,
