1、1,Unit 8 Honesty: Is It Going out of Style?, Before reading, Part Division of the Text, Warm-up questions, language points, Key to exercises, Summary Writing, Background information, Talking About the Pictures, Useful expressions, Group discussion, Proverbs and Quotations,To cheat or not to cheat: t
2、hat is a question!,2,Warm-up Questions,What do you think are the main reasons that some students cheat on exams? What do you think of cheating on exams? Which is more important, to lose face and to learn the knowledge? Do you think we can stop cheating? If yes, how? If no, why? Can you imagine what
3、would happen if there were no exams?,3,An Opinion Poll,1. In your opinion, tests or exams are_.A) helpfulB) not very usefulC) tryingD) trying but necessary 2. Before a major test you usually feel _.A) at easeB) excitedC) worriedD) nervous,Directions: Ask students to do the poll about their attitude
4、towards test and test taking, then analyze the statistics within big groups and the leader of each group gives a report with a conclusion.,4,3. How often do you review your lessons? I review my lessons _.A) regularlyB) when I feel like reviewingC) seldomD) only when there is a test 4. When you are p
5、reparing yourself for a major test, _.A) you work hard with a view to making a thorough study of the subject concernedB) you prefer to take it easy but make sure to get a pass or better than pass gradeC) you rely much on the hints the teacher gives youD) you keep on inquiring about it in every possi
6、ble way 5. While taking a major test you usually are _.A) calm and carefulB) too excited to think carefullyC) casual about your answersD) so nervous as to feel at a loss,5,6. When you have difficulty answering a question, _.A) you keep on trying on your ownB) you give it up after having a tryC) you
7、wish you could get help from your classmatesD) you manage to obtain some help anyhow 7. When your classmates ask for help during a test, _.A) you always give a flat refusalB) you often pretend not to have noticed itC) you are always ready to help any one of themD) you have no idea how to handle the
8、situation because you have not had such experience 8. You think that cheating on exams is _.A) dishonestB) tolerableC) unavoidableD) objectionable in principle,6,9. The main cause of cheating on exam is, in your opinion, _.A) that exams are unreasonably difficultB) that those who cheat want very muc
9、h to get better gradesC) that they are afraid to failD) too mysterious and subtle for you to understand 10. When taking a test, you believe in the saying _.A) “Honesty is the best policy.”B) “Man proposes, God disposes.”C) “Accept it as it is.”D) “The end justifies the means.”,1. Expression of perce
10、ntage: xx%, xx% out of xx, most of us, few of us, none of us 2. Expression of opinions: we all agree / think / believe/ hold the opinion that,Tips for Presentation:,7,Summary of the discussion,For test-taking, honesty may be the best policy. Tests help students know themselves. Tests enable students
11、 to discover what they need to spend more time studying and help make their newly acquired knowledge sink in. The purpose of a test is to show what the students have learned about a subject. The world wont end if they dont pass a test.,8,We as teachers should help students build up confidence in the
12、mselves and their abilities. Teachers and school authorities should not abuse tests. Teachers and students should trust each other. Distrust can be contagious. But so can trust!,9,1) Public opinion poll: a method of learning what people think and how they feel about a wide variety of subjects 2) The
13、 first public poll: in 1824, in the US, one of the best-known the Gallup Poll 3) Two sampling methods: random and quota sampling,1. Polls of public opinion,Background Information,10,A public opinion poll is a method of learning what people think and how they feel about a wide variety of subjects.The
14、 first poll of public opinion was conducted in 1824 in the US. In the early 20th century public opinion polls began using statistical sampling techniques. After the Second World War and particularly in the 1960s the popularity of the opinion polls grew. One of the best-known is the Gallup Poll a pol
15、l of public opinion on a major political or social issue, developed by George H. Gallup, an American statistician.Two methods of sampling are practiced by the polls, random and quota sampling. The former consists in selecting persons to be interviewed at random. Quota sampling involves selecting a s
16、ample of people which is representative of the population in terms of age, occupation, sex, region and so on.,11,2. State Regents examinations,1) New York State 2) High school students 3) Examinations made out by regents 4) Not replace final exam 5) Pass score 65,12,In the state of New York, the Dep
17、artment of Education requires that high school students take year-end examinations in science, math, and language subjects. A regent is a member of a board appointed to govern educational institutions. In New York, the regents make out these required examinations. The regents exam does not replace t
18、he final examination. It is a secure test, meaning that other than the regents themselves, no one, not even the teachers, is supposed to see the examinations prior to their administration. The exams are mostly multiple choice questions, though students may be required to write a short essay or solve
19、 math problems. A score of 65 is required to pass the exam, the top score being 100.,13,The US has had income tax laws since 1913. Income tax is a tax on the wages, salaries, profits, interest and rent received by a taxpayer within a definite period of time. In the US approximately one quarter of a
20、middle class familys earnings goes to the government through the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) in the form of taxes; in Great Britain about one third of a middle class familys income goes to taxes.,3. Income taxes,14,4. Competency tests,15,Competency tests are used to determine whether or not a per
21、son possesses a certain skill to do something, as opposed to a proficiency test which determines how well a person can do something. A competency test is a pass / fail test, the point being not to achieve an exceptional score, but merely to pass it. Usually a competency test is set in reading and ba
22、sic math computations, not in all subject areas. Sometimes students must pass competency tests at the end of each academic year to let the school authorities determine whether they are capable of doing work at their grade level.Recently a growing number of states in the US are requiring students to
23、pass a competency test before receiving a high school diploma; if one fails the test, one receives a high school certificate which amounts to little more than a statement that one attended school.,16,5. A story of honest Abraham Lincoln,Honest Abe,sundry:,各式各样的,dismay：,沮丧,trifle：,琐事,conscientious：,尽
24、责的,17,When Abraham Lincoln was young he worked in a store. As a clerk he proved honest and efficient. One day a woman came into the store and purchased sundry articles. They added up to two dollars and six and a quarter cents, or the young clerk thought they did. The bill was paid, and the woman was
25、 entirely satisfied. But the young store-keeper, not feeling quite sure as to the accuracy of his calculation, added up the items once more. To his dismay he found that the sum total should have been but two dollars. “Ive made her pay six and a quarter cents too much,” said Abe, disturbed. It was a
26、trifle, and many clerks would have dismissed it as such. But Abe was too conscientious to forget about the overcharge.“The money must be paid back,” he decided. This would have been easy enough had the woman lived just round the corner, but, as the young man knew, she lived between two and three mil
27、es away. This, however, did not alter the matter. It was night, but he closed and locked the store, and walked to the residence of his customer. Having arrived there, he explained the matter, paid over the six and a quarter cents, and returned satisfiedly.,18,George Washington was the first presiden
28、t of the U.S. When he was young, he was both clever and naughty. One day, Washington celebrated his birthday. His father gave him a present. Its a new and sharp axe. Washington was happy and ran into the garden. He wanted to have a try. The boy was looking for a small tree; suddenly he saw a cherry
29、tree. His father likes it very much. Little Washington cut down the tree with the axe. Washingtons father came back soon. Washington went to him and told happily, “Father, this axe is really sharp! I can help my father to cut the firewood in the future!” Old Washington was glad to hear that. Then he
30、 went to the garden and looked after his cherry tree. In a short time he came back. He asked angrily, “Who cut my tree?” Washington was scared, but he decided to tell him the truth. He said, “Father, sorry. I cut down the cherry tree. I want to know if I can cut down the cherry tree.” His father sai
31、d happily, “My good child. You told me the truth. I forgive an honest boy. But you cant cut down a tree with axe in the future.” Washington nodded his head. To be a man should be honest. 要成人，先诚实。,6. Washington and the cherry tree,19,Part Division of the Text,Main Ideas,Lines,Parts,1,1 18,2,19 32,3,3
32、3 67,Cheating may be on the rise.,Actions taken and reaction.,Reactions: Why there was less cheating in “the good old days”?,4,68 79,Suggestions: Ways to help students gain confidence.,20,Discourse Analysis,The text is an argumentative writing in style. The author presents sufficient evidence of val
33、id reasons, examples, strong contrasts, etc. to support his idea that dishonesty is increasing in America, but honesty is still an important part of the national character.,1. How to support a statement?,statistics, examples, analysis, counter-argument, analogy, etc.,2. Find the supporting sentences
34、 in each part according to the topic sentences given.,21,For Part 1:,Recent poll: 61% American high school students ever cheated.,A case in point: New York State charge.,Students buy prewritten term papers.,22,For Part 2:,Campaign at the University of Maryland.,23,For Part 3:,George Washingtons cher
35、ry tree honesty was seen as an important part of the American character.,No fun stories, but ones about morality.,Abe Lincolns penny small social circle.,More signs today more likely to reveal dishonesty.,24,For Part 4:,Theft and cheating.,Educators finding.,Defiant students.,25,People were better,
36、happier and more honest.,Skimming,Skim the passage and find the information about “the good old days”.,Characteristics:,The stories of Lincoln and Washington.,Evidence:,Education virtues are emphasized in schools. Life style life is less complicated. (no income taxes) Better communication people kno
37、w each other better. Comparatively low ability in revealing dishonesty. Economic conditions.,Reasons:,26,admit : v.,She never admits that she is wrong.,1) state or agree to the truth of (usu. something bad),John has admitted (to) breaking the window.,2) permit to enter,He was admitted to the hospita
38、l suffering from burns.,There were no windows to admit air.,3) allow,The facts admit of no other explanation.,Language points,27,Pattern:,admit sth. to 向承认 admit to 通向 admit to sb. that 向某人承认 admit sb. into / to 允许某人进入， 吸收某人参加,admit,常指某人对本想否认或推托的事情因屈服于外力或受良心的责备 而作的大胆的承认。,CF:,admit & confess 这两个词都是动词
39、，都有“承认，坦白”之意。,confess,指对自身不利的事情或犯罪事实的承认或坦白。,This man privately admits that his motive is to gain profits.,这人私下承认他的动机是为了牟利。,The prisoner confessed to stealing the jewels.,犯人供认偷了珠宝。,28,(be) faced with : 南韩和中国面临设同样的问题。 South Korea and China are faced with the same problembe hard on: be strict with; be
40、an unjust or unlucky burden on 不要对孩子太严厉。 Dont be too hard on the child. Its hard on John, having to work when the rest of us are vacationing.,29,on the rise: increasing 我们学校的学生人数在不断增加。 The number of students in our school is on the rise.a case in point : a fit example An average student can be a top
41、 student with additional work. Cathy is a case in point. 最近猪肉的价格猛涨。北京就是最好的一例。 Recently the price of pork has risen quickly. Beijing is a case in point.,30,charge:,1. n. 1) accusation,The former football star was arrested on a charge of manslaughter.,Services charges are not included in hotel rates.,
42、2) price asked for goods or services,3) amount of electricity contained in a substance,The police brought a charge of murder against him.,这商店送货服务要收费。,This store has a charge for delivery service.,a negative / positive charge,31,2. v. 1) accuse,He was charged with stealing the jewels.,2) ask as a pri
43、ce,3) put an amount of electricity into,The railway company charges half price for students.,The hotel charges $2 for washing and ironing a shirt.,Batteries for mobile phones need charging every eight hours.,32,Collocation:,bring / make a charge,指控,prove a charge,证明一项指控,face a charge,面临控告,dismiss a
44、charge,驳回一项指控,deny a charge,否认指控,on a charge of,以罪名,place / put sb. in charge of sth.,任命某人负责某事,take charge of sth.,负责某事,in charge of sth.,主管某事,33,accuse,意为公开指责或指控某人做了错事，是最常用的词，正式或非正式场合都可以使用。,CF:,accuse, charge & blame 这几个词都是动词，都有“指责，起诉”之意。,charge,可用作一般用语，如犯有过错而受到指责，但主要用作正式的法律用语，如在法庭上对犯了法的人的控告。,blame
45、,意思是责怪、埋怨。,34,Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.,1. The police her with speeding. 2. He was in no way to . 3. He the boy of cheating in the test. 4. They treason against him. 5. An investigating committee may an office holder of wrong doing. 6. Bad
46、workmen often their tools.,charged,blame,accused,charged,accuse,blame,_,_,_,_,_,_,35,reveal: v.,Investigation revealed the womens 800-meter race champion to be a man in disguise.,His life was threatened for revealing the secret.,1) expose; make known,Their faces reveal shock and disbelief.,Those pic
47、tures reveal to us a wonderful world under water.,2) cause to be seen,36,reveal,意思是“泄露”、“透露”、“显示”。其内容多是事先不为人所知的秘密、事件等。,CF:,reveal, disclose & expose 这几个词都是动词，都有“暴露，透露”之意。,disclose,意思是“公开”、“揭发”、“透露（秘密）”。其内容多指曾保密的或不愿公开的事件真相，常为不正当、不光彩的事。,expose,意为“暴露”，含有弃置、不予保护、听之任之之意；还可以指揭露某罪人或罪行。,37,Directions: Fill
48、in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.,1. Dont your skin to the sun. 2. He dared to illegal activities in his native place. 3. I threatened to him to the police. 4. The teacher did not to his students the test result. 5. The diplomat asked the reporters not to his name.
49、 6. The investigation has some serious problems inthis project.,expose,revealed,_,disclose,expose,reveal,disclose,_,_,_,_,_,38,in the case of: so far as someone or something is concerned Poverty depressed most people; but in the case of my father it only urged him to work harder. 就马丽来说，我们不能例外。 We cant make an exception in the case of Me to a bad end: come to some misfortune, esp. to an unpleasant death 如果你开车一直这么快，没有好下场。 You will surely come to a bad end if you keep driving so carelessly.,
