1、,1. What about your summer vocation? Winter vocation Sleep, play computer, study sth In /during Just so so He is on the train,What had happened in our country and all over the world in summer vocation? Disaster : flood stone-flood explosion gas can Flood forest fire safety Horrible peaceful,Back gro
2、und information,Question1: Do you know what is “World Peace One”? WP1 是一个专为倡导世界和平的反战组织，成立于2006年 专门谱写了歌曲Give your love。 We are the world,Alfred Nobel : A Man of Peace,Discovery experimentExplosion explosive scientist chemist businessman inventor chemistry,Trade in death,nationality,pictures,Discussio
3、n,A. Has there been any Chinese people (including overseas Chinese) awarded the Nobel Prize? Name them and the awards they win.,李政道(T.D.Lee,1926-) 1957年因发现弱相互作用下宇称不守衡， 从而导致有关基本粒子的重大发现获诺贝尔物理学奖,杨振宁(C.N.Yang,1922-) 1957年因发现弱相互作用下宇称不守衡， 从而导致有关基本粒子的重大发现获诺贝尔物理学奖,B. Do you know the English name for the six
4、 awards? Listen to the following audio clip to find the answer.Listen to the audio clip and take down the name of the six awards.,Question 2: Who is Alfred Noble?http:/nobelprize.org/alfred_nobel/biographical/articles/life-work/gradeschool.html,Alfred Nobel (1833-1896) was a Swedish chemist and inve
5、ntor. He was involved, with his family, in the development of explosives, and his invention of dynamite greatly improved the safety of explosives. He established a fund to provide annual awards, called Nobel Prizes, in the sciences, literature, and the promotion of international peace.,These five aw
6、ards were first given in 1901. A sixth award, the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science, was created and paid for in 1968 by Sveriges Riksbank, the Swedish national bank, and first awarded in 1969.,Alfreds father was an engineer and inventor.,Andriette Nobel, who came from a wealthy family,When w
7、as Noble born? 1833Why did Noble create his explosive?,He invented a detonator or blasting cap,dynamite,Born 21 October 1833(1833-10-21) Died 10 December 1896 (aged 63) Sanremo, Italy Occupation Chemist, engineer, innovator, armaments manufacturer and inventor. Known for Invention of Nobel Prize,The
8、 text,阿尔弗雷德诺贝尔（Alfred Nobel）（1833-1896年） 发明炸药致富 富有的实业家：1888年，一家法国报纸把他们俩搞混了，刊登出一则阿尔弗雷德的讣告。讣告称他为“死亡商人 1895年，他签署了一份新遗嘱。在一段不到200个瑞典语单词的文字里，他表示要设立一个以他名字命名的奖项。该奖项将授予在物理学、化学、医学、文学、和平事业领域“为人类带来最大福祉的人 但近年来一直在一千万瑞典克朗（大约一百五十万美元）左右。除了诺贝尔和平奖在奥斯陆颁发外，其它奖项于诺贝尔逝世纪念日十二月十日在斯德哥尔摩颁发。,Alfred Noble: A Man of Peace,1 The n
9、ewspaper reported the death of Alfred Noble on April 13, 1888. The newspaper called him a person who traded in death, because he had developed and sold explosives. August 27, 2010 The twenty seventh of August,In fact, Afred Nobels business had made him a very rich man. The newspaper story continued,
10、 giving Alfred Nobels age, nation, and other information about his business. However, the words about “trading in death” were all that the 55-year-old man read.,III. Sentence Analysis 1. The newspaper story continued, giving Alfred Nobels age, nation, and other information about his business. (Para.
11、 1) story: a report in a newspaper or news broadcast about a recent event （报纸或广播中的）新闻报道 Meaning: The newspaper story went on, telling readers how old Alfred Nobel was, where he was from and what he did for business. 中文翻译：那家报纸继续报道了他的年龄、国籍及其他有关他生意的信息。,2. However, the words about “trading in death” wer
12、e all that the 55-year-old man read. (Para. 1) Note: 这里that引导的是定语从句，all是先行词。当先行词是all的时候，必须用that来引导定语从句。 Meaning: the 55-year-old man was only concerned about the words about “trading in death”. 中文翻译：然而，这个55岁的人从报纸上看到的只有关于他“拿死亡做交易”的言辞。,一家报纸报道说阿尔弗雷德诺贝尔死于1888年4月13日。 该报纸称他是一个拿死亡做交易的人，因为他研制并销售炸药。 事实上，诺贝尔所
13、经营的生意使他成为一个大富翁。 那家报纸继续报道，介绍了他的年龄、国籍及其他有关他的生意的信息。 然而，这位55岁的人从报纸上只看到了关于他 “做死亡生意“的言辞。,2 Alfred Nobel put down the newspaper sadly. No, he wasnt deadhis brother Ludwig had died, and the French newspaper had made a mistake. All the same, Alfred Nobel was worried. Was this the way the world was going to r
14、emember him? He did not like that idea at all.,It is dangerous to take plane.,He had spent his life(in) working for peace in the world, and hated war. He created his explosive to save liveslives that were lost because other explosives were dangerous to use. He wanted people to remember him as a man
15、of peace.,阿尔弗雷德诺贝尔放下报纸，一副悲伤的样子。 不，他没有死。去世的是他的哥哥卢德维格。那家法国报纸弄错了。 尽管如此，诺贝尔还是忧心忡忡。世人要以这种方式记住他吗？ 他极其讨厌对他的这种看法。 他毕生致力于世界和平事业，痛恨战争。 他发明那种炸药是为了挽救生命，为了避免人们因使用其他危险炸药而死亡。 他希望人们把他作为献身于和平事业的人铭记在心。,3 Alfred Nobel invented his explosive at a perfect moment in time. Many countries were beginning to build roads thro
16、ugh mountains, and needed a safe, strong explosive. Alfred Nobels explosive was developed for such peaceful uses.,He also thought that if all countries had the same great weapons, they would see how impossible wasthat any country fighting a war would surely be destroyed. There would be more wars. Ma
17、ny people of his day also thought this way.,诺贝尔在最合适不过的时刻发明了他的炸药。 当时，许多国家正开始劈山修路，需要一种安全而爆破力很强的炸药。 诺贝尔正是为了这样的安全用途而研制出了他的那种炸药。 他还想过，倘若所有国家都有同样的威力极大的武器，那么各国会发现，战争是不可能的-任何打仗的国家必定会被毁灭。 世上将不再有战争。 当时，也有许多人是这样想的。,4 Nobel was worried about the way the world looked at him, but he did not know what to do. He wa
18、nted to think of the best way for people to use his money after his death. Then, in 1985, a man made plans for a journey to the North Pole.,Nobel read about the plan, and at last he knew what to do with his money. He decided that after he died, his money should be used for a prize to honor people wh
19、o did great things in science, writing, and world peace. Men or women of any country might receive the prize.,诺贝尔为人们对他的看法感到焦急不安，但他不知怎么做才好。 他要慎重考虑在他逝世后人们如何才能最好地使用他的遗产。 1895年，有个人制定了前往北极考察的计划。 诺贝尔看到了这个计划。他终于知道该怎样处理自己的钱财了。 他做出决定，在他去世之后，他的遗产应当用来奖励那些在科学、文学和世界和平等领域做出过卓越贡献的人们。 任何国家的人，不分男女，都可获得这种奖励。,5 Alfred
20、 Nobel died on December 10, 1896, at the age of 63. he was unmarried and had no children. People all over the world wondered who was going to get Nobels money. They were very surprised when learned of Alfred Nobels plan to award prizes every year in the field of physics, chemistry, medicine, literat
21、ure, and peace.,The first Nobel Prizes were awarded in honor that a person could receive in these fields. In 1969, an award for economics was added.,阿尔弗雷德诺贝尔于1896年12月10日逝世，享年63岁。 他终身未婚，没有子女。 全世界的人都想知道谁将继承他的遗产。 当人们获悉他的遗产安排时，都非常惊讶：诺贝尔生前决定，每年在物理学、化学、医学、文学和和平领域给予奖励。 最早的诺贝尔奖是在1901年授予的，这种奖励不久便成为人们在上述领域所能获
22、得的最高荣誉。 1969年，诺贝尔奖增设了经济学奖。,6 The report of Alfred Nobels death had been a mistake, but the decision that he made as a result finally gave him what he wanted. Alfred Nobel created the Nobel Prize, and now the world thinks him the way he wanted to be remembered: Alfred Nobel: a man of peace.,3. but th
23、e decision that he made as a result finally gave him what he wanted. (Para. 6) as a result: caused or produced by sth. else 作为结果，结果是 Meaning: but as a result of the wrong report his decision gave him what he wanted at last. 中文翻译：但是他因此做出的决定最终使他如愿以偿。 4. now the world thinks of him the way he wanted to
24、 be remembered (Para. 6) Meaning: now people think of him as the kind of man that he wanted them to remember 中文翻译：现在，全世界按照他所希望的方式怀念他，铭记他,诺贝尔去世的报道是个错误。但是他因此做出的决定最终使他如愿以偿。 阿尔弗雷德诺贝尔创立了诺贝尔奖。现在，全世界的人按照他所希望的评价怀念他，铭记他：阿尔弗雷德诺贝尔，一个致力于和平事业的人。,Exercises III,1.death 2. continued 3. trade 4. create 5. informatio
25、n 6. spend 7. destroyed 8. wonder,exercises,Translation 1. 据报道，他非常富有，是做武器交易的。(trade in) “据报道”可以用It is reported that 来翻译。武器交易可以用题中给出的trade in, 译成trade in weapons。据报道后面跟两个从句，注意重复连接词that。 Its reported that he is very rich and that he is a man who trades in weapons.,2 任何国家的人，无论男女，都应反对战争，因为战争会毁灭国家。(destr
26、oy) 反对：be against Men or women of any country should be against war as it can destroy the country.,3. 人们称诺贝尔是一个致力于和平事业的人和一个富有爱心的人。 (a man full of) “称为”可用课文中学的动词call。 People call Nobel a man of peace and a man full of love.,4. 在雨季渡过那条河非常危险。(cross the river) “雨季”译成 the raining season to cross the rive
27、r 是个动词不定式短语，因此翻译时可用it做形式主语。 It is very dangerous to cross the river during the raining season.,5. 他不知所措，因为对他来说开山修路是件新鲜事。(build roads through mountains) 不知所措可译成did not know what to do，动词不定式短语的处理同上。 He did not know what to do, as it was new to build roads through mountains.,EC 1. Alfred Nobel invented
28、 his explosive at a perfect moment in time. 注意perfect的翻译 诺贝尔在最合适不过的时刻发明了他的炸药。,2. He wanted to think of the best way for people to use his money after his death。 think of 的翻译，death这里不能直译为“死亡”，注意选词。 他要考虑在他逝世后让人们用佳方式使用他的遗产。,3. The world thinks of him the way he wanted to be remembered: Nobel, a man of
29、peace. 注意to be remembered是被动态 全世界按照他所希望的方式怀念他，铭记他：诺贝尔，一个致力于和平事业的人。,4. He decided that after he died, his money should be used for a prize to honor people who did great things in science, writing, and world peace. 结合整个句子的语境，writing应译为“文学” 他做出决定，在他去世之后，他的遗产应当用来奖励那些在科学、文学和世界和平等领域做出卓越贡献的人。,5. The first
30、Nobel Prizes were awarded in l90l, and they very soon became the greatest honor that a person could receive in these fields. Nobel Prizes是个专有名词，the greatest honor应结合汉语的表达习惯，译为“最高荣誉”。 最早的诺贝尔奖是在1901年授予的，这个奖项不久便成为人们在上述领域所能获得的最高荣誉。,Grammar,英语中有两种语态：主动语态 (active voice) 和被动语态 (passive voice)。一般来说，主动语态表示主动
31、意义，被动语态表示被动意义。然而，主动语态有时也可用来表示被动意义。,不定式的主动语态表示被动意义往往用在SVC (adj. + inf.)句型，即 “主语+动词+主语补语”句型，其中的主语补语由“形容词+不定式”构成。用于这一句型的形容词较常见的有easy, hard, difficult, good, comfortable, possible, impossible等。在这种情况下，不定式必须用主动语态表示被动意义，不可用被动语态。例如： Apples are good to eat. *Apples are good to be eaten. （*表示此用法不可接受。下同。） The
32、story is hard to believe (相信). *The story is hard to be believed.,不定式主动语态表示被动意义不但可用于单词动词(single-word verbs), 如上例，也可用于多词动词(multi-word verbs)。英语中的多词动词有以下几种类型：动词+介词，动词+副词小品词，动词+副词小品词+介词，动词+名词+介词等。例如： The chair is comfortable to sit in. *The chair is comfortable to be sat in. The sick baby was difficult
33、 to look after. *The sick baby was difficult to be looked after.,1. to spell/remember/understand. 2. to see 3. to read 4. to carry 5. to live in 6. to clear 7.to hear 8. to eat 9.to get 10.to make/buy,1.The mistake is hard to find. 2. The book is interesting to read. 3. The Nobel Prize is difficult
34、to get/win. 4. The test is hard to pass. 5. the soup is too hot to drink now. 6. The story is interesting to hear. Mr. Smiths lessons are hard to follow. 8. The garden is pleasant to walk in. 9. Is smoking really so difficult to give up. 10.I like to make friends with those who are easy to get along with.,
