1、Unit Three Section A Longing for a New Welfare System,- 1 -,熊思华 吴小龙 张灵聪,- 2 -,Pre-reading Activities,New Words and Expressions,Text Analysis,1,2,3,Unit Three,Summary,4,- 3 -,1. When you are sick, you may go to the school clinic. How much do you need to pay for your medical expenses?,Tips: You just n
2、eed to pay 10% of your medicine bills.,Pre-reading Activities,I. Social Welfare,- 4 -,2. Why just 10%? Who pays the rest for you?, Its a part of the social welfare system.The government pays the rest for you.,Tips:,Pre-reading Activities,Public assistance programs, commonly called “welfare”, provide
3、 cash or benefits for particular categories of the financially needy.,- 5 -,Pre-reading Activities,Social Welfare,The U.S. welfare system operates on both the federal and state levels. The federal welfare program is known as Social Security 政府的公共福利计划 that provides benefits or assistance for child ca
4、re, disability, food and medical assistance. The state welfare programs, on the other hand, provide assistance to both individuals and local communities with state schooling and social insurance.,- 6 -,Pre-reading Activities,The U.S. Social Welfare,- 7 -,Which person is more likely to get welfare as
5、sistance? Why?,Pre-reading Activities,a rubbish picker, 78 years old, no living partner, no children,a teenage worker, 15 years old, parents died , working in a small coal mine,- 8 -,a child beggar, 7 years old, no chance to go to school,a three-year-old child, severely ill, no money for medical tre
6、atment,Pre-reading Activities,a middle-aged man, disabled with both arms and legs, still earning his life by repairing bicycles,a six-year-old child, disabled in walking, begging for money on the road,Pre-reading Activities,How can we help the disabled?,Use the modern technologies-assistive technolo
7、gies to make the life of the disabled much easier. Chinese National Help-the-disabled Day-the third Sunday of May. Offer more job vacancies. Build barrier-free facilities nationwide. Improve the service industries towards the handicapped. Reform on the medical and relief policies and make them more
8、favorable and practical.,- 11 -,Pre-reading Activities,New Words and Expressions,Text Analysis,1,2,3,Unit Three,Summary,4,- 12 -,Language Points,raw (Para.1 L2),raw material/cotton/sugar/silk 原材料/籽棉/粗糖/生丝,Example,a. (of food) not cooked b. (of materials) in its natural state c. (of information) not
9、yet processed,raw meat 生肉,This information is only raw data and will need further analysis. 原始数据,pension:A sum of money paid regularly as a retirement benefit,He lives on his pension.,a retirement pension 退休金,2. They tell the government that they are getting tow hundred dollars less than their real
10、pension (Para.1 line 4),pension,3. opt vi.,to make a choice,When he left school, he opted to go to college and study for a degree, rather than getting a job straight away.,Many students opt to further their study.,Most people opt for buying their own homes rather than renting them.,opt to do sth. /o
11、pt for sth.,I have opted to live a life of complete honesty.(para.2),4. Very high-profile. (Para.2),e.g. She has a good strong profile. 她侧面看上去美丽而坚毅。,e.g. The actor is photographed in profile, smoking a cigarette.,n. 1) a side view of a persons face侧面,这个演员从侧面拍了一张抽烟的照片。,profile,2) a short description
12、that gives important details about a person, a group of people, or a place. 人物简介，概况,3) a high/low profile 引人注目/低调,write a profile for him,给他写小传,keep a low profile,保持低调,DNA profiling,DNA 鉴定 （for crime inspection）,profile,e.g. Compensation of injured workers has cost the company a lot. 对受伤工人的补偿花费了公司不少
13、钱。,e.g. She received $50,000 in compensation for a lost eye.她得到了5万美金作为失去一只眼睛的补偿费。,5. bow to them as compensation. (Para.3),n. sth. given to compensate for a loss 补偿,compensation,compensation,e.g.Nothing can compensate for the loss of time.虚度光阴是无法补偿的（光阴一去不复还）。,扩展,compensate v. 补偿,compensation,6. libe
14、ral n.,C someone who accepts different opinions or ways of behaving,He regarded himself as a liberal and a friend of the poor and black people.,他自认为是一个开明的人，是穷人和黑人的朋友。,6. Most caseworkers begin as college-educated liberals with high ideals. (Para.3),6. liberal a.,willing to accept different opinions
15、or ways of behaving :开明的,We were fortunate enough to have a very liberal teacher.,她的父母思想开明，让她拥有许多自由。,Her parents are very liberal and allow her a lot of freedom.,open-minded, enlightened, unprejudiced,7. alert vt.,1) to make someone notice something important or dangerous：提醒；引起重视,An anonymous (匿名的)
16、letter alerted police to the possibility of a terrorist attack at the airport.,He altered teachers to the importance of observing children at play.,alert sb. to sth.,7. Then the medical worker alerted the main welfare .(Para.12),7. alert a.,2) paying attention to what is happening and ready to react
17、 if necessary,Passengers should try to stay alert at all times and report any suspicious packages to the police immediately.,乘客应该尽量一直保持警觉，发现任何可疑的包裹都要立即向警方报告。,be alert to do,The authorities should have been alert to the possibility of invasion.,8. Someday people like me will thrive under a new system
18、 (Para.17),v. grow or develop well 兴旺发达,thrive,e.g. He that will thrive, must rise at five.谚五更起床, 百事兴旺。,e.g. Flowers will not thrive without sunshine. 花没有阳光不会茂盛。,8.thrive,e.g. She was convicted of theft. 她被判盗窃罪。,9. not seek to convict them of cheating. (Para.17),v. prove or declare sb. guilty 证明有罪,c
19、onvict,e.g. There wasnt enough evidence to convict him. 没有足够证据证明他有罪。,9.convict,- 25 -,Pre-reading Activities,Text Analysis,New Words and Expressions,1,3,2,Unit Three,Summary,4,Main idea of the text ?The reading passage explores the problems of the present welfare system and expresses the desire to h
20、ave a new system. The passages can be broadly divided into three parts: how people behave under the present welfare system and what are the problems with it and what should be required of the new system .,Main idea of the text,- 27 -,How is the text organized?,The passage is composed of three parts:
21、 1.how people behave under the present welfare system 2.what the problems are with it 3.what solutions should be applied to the problems.The organization of the whole passage goes after the problem-solution pattern with examples from the authors own experiences.,Text analysis,Part I (Paras. 1-3),Par
22、t II (Paras. 4-14),general situation how the people concerned behave under the present welfare system,problems the problems of the present welfare system,Part III (Paras. 15-17),suggestions what should be done with the present welfare system,Text Analysis,Welfare clients are believed to cheat more m
23、oney out of the present welfare system. (Para.1),General images of welfare clients and welfare caseworkers under the present system,There are welfare clients who choose to live a life of complete honesty. (Para.2),The relationship between welfare clients and caseworkers is tense. (Para.3),Part I,Cas
24、eworkers try to convict welfare client of cheating. One example is offered. (Paras.4-8),Problems with the present welfare system,Welfare clients find it extremely difficult to have their wheelchairs repaired. One example is offered. (Paras.9-12),If welfare clients make money, they have to go through
25、 the embarrassing situation of being questioned to account for every penny. (Para.13),The welfare system does not encourage welfare clients to work to support them- selves and make a gradual shift away from welfare. (Para.14),Part II,There needs to be lawyers to protect the rights of welfare clients
26、. (Para.15),Suggestions to improve the present welfare system,Welfare clients should take steps to fight for more rights for themselves. (Para.16),A new system is suggested to encourage welfare clients to develop their talents and support themselves. (Para.17),Part III,1. What does the author mean b
27、y saying “A welfare client is supposed to cheat. Everybody expects it”? (Para.1),He means that a welfare client is believed to lie to get a little extra welfare money and those case workers know it well.,Text Understanding,They know clearly that they are being made fools of by some of their clients,
28、 and they feel they are entitled to have clients bow to them as compensation.,He has chosen to live an honest life by drumming up some business outside and drawing cartoons for magazines.,2. How has the writer chosen to live as a welfare client? (Para.2),3. What do caseworkers really expect welfare
29、clients to do? (Para.3),He dreams of a new system that will encourage the clients and help them to develop their talents, rather than seek to convict them of cheating.,The system so easily lends itself to abuse by the welfare givers as well as by the clients.,What does the writer think of the curren
30、t welfare system? (para.15),What kind of new welfare system does the writer dream of? (para.17),- 35 -,Language Points,to long for (Title),经过多年战争后，人们都盼望和平。,People longed for peace after many years of war.,Example,have a desire for; want very much,- 36 -,Language Points,be supposed/expected to (Para.
31、 1 L.1),2. Youre supposed to ask the teacher if you want to leave the room.,Example,a. be believed to be b. be required to do sth. according to a rule,1. shes supposed to have had five hundred pairs of shoes.,普遍认为,应该,- 37 -,Language Points,bleed (Para.2 L. 3),Example,a. force sb. to pay a lot of mon
32、eyb. lose blood,1. The west is bleeding poorer countries dry through interest payments on their debts.,西方正通过债务利息榨干贫穷国家的财富。,向榨取,- 38 -,Language Points,to drum up (Para2. L. 2),During the season of Christmas each year, traders use their own unique tricks to drum up their business.,每年圣诞节期间，商家们各显神通来招揽生意
33、。,Example,try hard to get support, customers, business, etc. 竭力争取(支持);兜揽(生意),e.g. Jesse gave money under the table to get the apartment.杰西悄悄花钱弄到一套房间。,Oh, Im tempted to get paid under the table. (Para.2 L.3),in a secret way 背地里，私下,e.g. They were charged with taking money under the table. 他们被指控私下拿钱。,u
34、nder the table /counter,Language Points,- 40 -,Im tempted to get paid under the table. But even if I yielded to that temptation, big magazines are not going to get involved in some sticky situation. (para.2)Meaning: I feel a desire to be paid without being known to others. But even if I couldnt resi
35、st that temptation and wanted to be paid under the table, big magazines I am working for wont agree to get themselves into trouble by telling lies for my sake.,Language Points,- 41 -,Language Points,sticky (Para.2 L.4 ),2. Her hands were sticky from the ice cream.,1. a sticky problem / situation,Exa
36、mple,a. difficult or unpleasant b. covered in a substance that sticksto things that touch it,棘手的,黏的,- 42 -,Language Points,make a fool of sb. (Para. 3 L.2),make a fool of oneself,Your brother is making a fool of you.,Example,trick sb. into behaving foolishly,He was drinking and making a fool of hims
37、elf.,他喝酒时，出尽了洋相。,愚弄，欺骗,出洋相,- 43 -,Language Points,to be entitled to (do) sth. ( Para.3 L. 3),1. Everyone is entitled to (air) his own opinion.,Example,have the right to have or do sth.,2. This ticket does not entitle you to travel first class.,对享有权利；有权做某事,- 44 -,Language Points,to lecture sb. about
38、sth. (Para.9 L.1),Hes always lecturing me about the way I dress.,他总说我穿着不得体。,Example,就某事训斥某人,- 45 -,Ive heard that you put a lot more miles on that wheelchair than average. ( Para. 9 L.4) Meaning: Ive heard that you use your wheelchair more often than the average clients do. No wonder thats why your
39、wheelchair is always breaking down.,Language Points,e.g. I hereby certify that the above information is true and accurate. 兹证明上述情况属实且准确无误。, who would certify that there was a problem. (Para.12 L.1),v. put sth. down in writing as an official statement 证明,certify,Language Points,e.g. Bids for building
40、 the bridge were invited from big firms throughout the country. 已向全国几个大公司招标建造这座桥梁。,. to get the cheapest bid. (Para.12 L.3),n. 1) an offer to pay 出价,bid,e.g. I made a bid of $150 for the painting. 我出价150美元买这幅画。,Language Points,- 48 -,There is no provision in the law for a gradual shift away from wel
41、fare. (Para. 14 L.1) Meaning: There is not an item of law to encourage welfare clients to be gradually independent of the welfare system. 逐渐脱离福利照顾,Language Points,- 49 -,Language Points,to lend oneself to (Para.15 L. 2),Example,be easily used for a particular activity or result,适宜于；有助于,Any system of
42、 taxation lends itself to manipulation by clever or unscrupulous men.,任何税收制度都有可能被那些狡猾诡诈的人或无耻之徒钻空子。,- 50 -,Language Points,to convict sb. of doing sth. wrong (Para.17 L.2),We have no right to order him to leave school unless there is enough evidence to convict him of cheating in the exam.,我们无权勒令他退学，除
43、非有足够的证据证明他考试作弊。,Example,declare guilty 宣判有罪；使服罪,- 51 -,Someday people like me will thrive under a new system that will encourage them not seek to convict them of cheating. (para.17)Meaning: One day in the future, disabled people like me living on welfare will do well and get successful if the old sy
44、stem is transformed into a new one that encourages its clients instead of seeking to prove them to be cheating.,Language Points,- 52 -,Pre-reading Activities,Summary,New words,1,4,2,Unit Three,Text analysis,3,Fill in the chart with the information given in the text.,earn part or all of their own liv
45、ings; develop their talent without guilt or fear.,encourage clients to work / live a better life / earn their own livings.,People will thrive under it.,cheat; bleed the system for extra money.,seek to convict the clients of cheating.,It can be easily abused by the welfare givers as well as the clients.,Summary,
