1、UNIT 2,SECTION A,Iron and the Effects of Exercise,OBJECTIVES,To learn more about iron and the benefits brought by exercise;,To develop related vocabulary;,To write an article in the cause-and-effect pattern;,To write a notice.,B3-Unit 2,Lead - in,Our todays topic is “Iron and the Effects of Exercise
2、”. Whats your reaction to the topic? Now lets tackle it so as to familiarize ourselves with the background to the birth of the text. Our topic-centered lead-in begins with the question as follows:,The Birth of the Text,Text Study,Idea Sharing,Notes to the Text,Words and Expressions,Writing,Understan
3、ding,Reproduction,Structure Analysis,Summary,I. Structure Analysis,Text StudyStructure Analysis,Part I (Para. 1-3),Central topic + Supporting details,Part II (Para. 4-6),Part III (Para. 7-12),1 Effect + 2 Causes,Problems + Solutions,Part I (Para. 1-3),Central Topic:,Supporting details:,Exercise, eve
4、n moderate exercise, may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women.,A new study is cited to support the topic.,Text StudyStructure Analysis,Part I (Para 1-3),Exercise, even moderate exercise, may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women.,Roseanne M. Lyles study shows:,start; exercise,iron loss,in
5、active,Text StudyUnderstanding,+,bounce back,Part II (Para. 4-6),Effect (Para. 4):,Iron deficiency is very common among women.,Cause 1 (Para. 5) Cause 2 (Para. 6),Text StudyStructure Analysis,Text StudyUnderstanding,Part II (Para 4-6),Iron deficiency is very common among women.,teenagers,women aged
6、18 to 45,active women,women of childbearing age,1/4,1/5,80%,at greatest risk,Effect (Para 4):,Text StudyUnderstanding,health-conscious women,red meat,iron deficiency,Effect: Iron deficiency is very common among women in general. (Para. 4),Cause 1: _ _ Cause 2:_ _,Too many women ignore the amount of
7、iron they take in.,Women of childbearing age are at greatest risk, since their monthly bleeding is a major source of iron loss.,Cause 3: _ _ _ Cause 4: _ _ _,Many health-conscious women increase their risk by rejecting red meat, which contains the most easily absorbed form of iron.,Women often restr
8、ict their diet in an effort to control weight; they may not consume enough iron-rich food, and are liable to experience a deficiency.,Effect: Iron deficiency is very common among women in general. (Para. 4),Text StudyUnderstanding,Part II (Para. 4-6),Cause 1 (Para. 5),Cause 2 (Para. 6),take in; only
9、 1/3 of the recommended daily allowance,iron loss,Cause 1: “The average woman takes in only two thirds of the recommended daily allowance for iron,” notes another expert. “For a woman who already has a poor iron status, any additional iron loss from exercise may be enough to tip her over the edge in
10、to a more serious deficiency,” notes the expert.,Cause 2: Exercise can result in iron loss through a variety of mechanisms. Some iron is lost in sweat, and, for unknown reasons, intense endurance exercise is sometimes associated with bleeding of the digestive system. Athletes in high-impact sports s
11、uch as running may also lose iron through a phenomenon where small blood vessels in the feet leak blood.,Text StudyStructure Analysis,Part III (Para. 7-12),3 stages of iron deficiency (Para. 7-8),Check iron deficiency (Para. 9),Suggested ways to correct iron deficiency (Para. 10-12),Text StudyUnders
12、tanding,Part III (Para. 7-12),3 stages of iron deficiency (Para. 7-8),Stage 1,symptoms,Stage 2,Stage 3,+,Text StudyUnderstanding,Part III (Para. 7-12),3 stages of iron deficiency (Para. 7-8),Stage 1,symptoms,Stage 2,Stage 3,The first and most common is having low iron reserves, a condition that typi
13、cally has no symptoms.,+,Fatigue and poor performance,people often feel weak, tired, and out of breathand exercise performance is severely compromised,Text StudyUnderstanding,Part III (Para. 7-12),Check iron deficiency (Para. 9),checking,the blood protein,a different compound,Suggested ways to corre
14、ct iron deficiency (Para. 10-12),+,iron-rich foods,Best sources of irons?,Text StudyUnderstanding,Part III (Para 7-12),Suggested ways to correct iron deficiency (Para 10-12),+,Yes,No,Yes,No,or,III. Reproduction,How much do you know about iron after youve learned the text?,Take the quiz and tell the
15、reasons for your choices!,Text StudyReproduction,Everyone needs iron to grow and stay healthy. It is found in many parts of the body. Choose one thing iron works in your body: (reference),a. It helps your fingernails stay smooth. b. It helps to carry oxygen from lungs to cells. c. It helps your hair
16、 stay healthy. d. It helps to strengthen your muscles.,Iron Challenge,Question 1 / 10,Text StudyReproduction,Everyone requires a different amount of dietary iron to stay healthy. Which of the groups below needs the most iron each day? (reference),Iron Challenge,Question 2 / 10,a. infants,7-12 months
17、 old,b. teen girls,14- 18 years old,c. men,19-50 years old,d. women,19- 50 years old,Text StudyReproduction,You may be iron deficient if you are a woman and _.(reference),a. have a long menstrual period b. donate blood often c. dont eat meat, fish or poultry d. all of the above,Iron Challenge,Questi
18、on 3 / 10,Text StudyReproduction,There are two types of iron. One is heme(亚铁血红素), which is easily absorbed by the body; and the other is non-heme, which is not as well absorbed. Choose one food that contains heme iron. (reference),Iron Challenge,Question 4 / 10,a. bran flakes,b. beef hamburger,c. eg
19、gs,d. red kidney beans,Text StudyReproduction,Meat, fish and poultry contain different amounts of heme iron. Choose the food with the most heme iron. (reference),Iron Challenge,Question 5 / 10,a. salmon steak,b. beef tenderloin,c. chicken breast,d. pork tenderloin,Text StudyReproduction,You may be i
20、ron deficient if you _. (reference),Iron Challenge,Question 6 / 10,a. often feel tired b. look pale c. have difficulty concentrating d. all of the above,Text StudyReproduction,The amount of non-heme iron you absorb is affected by other foods. Choose one food that increases the absorption of non-heme
21、 iron. (reference),Iron Challenge,Question 7 / 10,a. oranges,b. whole grain breads,c. yoghurt,d. tea,Text StudyReproduction,People who do not eat meat, fish or poultry need to _. (reference),Iron Challenge,Question 8 / 10,eat foods enriched or fortified with iron have vitamin C-rich foods with their
22、 meals avoid tea and coffee during their meals do all of the above,Text StudyReproduction,How much boiled spinach would you need to eat to equal the iron available in a serving of sirloin steak? (reference),Iron Challenge,Question 9 / 10,a. 1 cup/ 250 ml,b. 2 cups/ 500 ml,c. 3 cups/ 750 ml,Text Stud
23、yReproduction,Iron Challenge,Question 10 / 10,A good way to maintain a healthy level of iron in the body is to _. (reference),a. eat iron-fortified breakfast cereals often,b. enjoy a variety of meat dishes on a regular basis,c. include vitamin C-rich vegetables in your meals,d. do all of these,All o
24、f these,Text StudyReproduction,Iron carries oxygen from your lungs to all parts of your body. Iron also builds red blood cells. Without enough iron, you may feel tired and have troubleconcentrating.,to question 1,Text StudyReproduction,1. The answer is B.,to question 2,Women 1950 years old need more
25、 iron than any other age groups. Women need the most iron because they lose varying amounts during the menstruation (月经期).,2. The answer is D.,Text StudyReproduction,to question 3,3. The answer is D (all of the above).,Blood loss of any kind and not eating meat, fish or poultry may lead to iron defi
26、ciency.,Text StudyReproduction,to question 4,4. The answer is B.,Heme iron is found in all meat, fish and poultry. Non-heme iron, which is not so well absorbed, can be found in foods such as nuts, beans, cereals and eggs.,Text StudyReproduction,to question 5,Redder or darker meats tend to have more
27、heme iron. For example, chicken legs (dark meat) have more heme iron than chicken breast (light meat).,5. The answer is B.,Text StudyReproduction,Symptoms of iron deficiency may include: looking pale, feeling tired, having trouble concentrating, feeling out of breath, not having enough energy, and f
28、eeling irritable.,to question 6,6. The answer is D (all of the above).,Text StudyReproduction,Oranges are a good source of vitamin C, which can increase the amount of non-heme iron absorbed by up to four times. Meat, fish and poultry can also increase the absorption of non- heme iron. Substances in
29、tea and coffee can lower the amount of non-heme iron your body can use.,to question 7,7. The answer is A (oranges).,Text StudyReproduction,to question 8,Meat, fish or poultry and vitamin C-rich foods increase the absorption of non-heme iron in the diet. People who mostly have non-heme iron each day,
30、 need to consume more iron to meet their bodies need.,8. The answer is D (all of the above).,Text StudyReproduction,to question 9,You need to have two cups of spinach to equal the amount of iron absorbed from a 90 gram serving of beef sirloin.,9. The answer is B.,Text StudyReproduction,to question 1
31、0,10. The answer is D (all of the above).,Text StudyReproduction,Focus Study,Active Expressions,I. Active Expressions,Notes to the TextActive Expressions,In English, you may find some expressions formed by very common words, but theyare active and powerful.,Whats on at the cinema tonight? 今晚电影院上演什么？
32、Whats he up to? 他忙什么呢?,Notes to the TextActive Expressions,they are liable to experience a deficiency. (L22) Youre not in stage 3 until your iron reserves go to zero (L41) youre in trouble. (L42) its advisable for people in these groups to have a yearly blood test (L51),Notes to the TextActive Expre
33、ssions,Notes to the TextActive Expressions,Difficulties are liable to occur. He did not open his mail until Monday. That woman is in trouble! 4. It is not advisable to drink too much.,More Practice,Notes to the TextActive Expressions,Difficulties are liable to occur.困难可能发生。 He did not open his mail
34、until Monday.直到星期一他才打开邮件。 That woman is in trouble!那个女子出事了！ It is not advisable to drink too much. 喝酒不可过量。,困难可能发生。 2. 直到星期一他才打开邮件。 3. 那个女子出事了！ 4. 喝酒不可过量。,Notes to the TextActive Expressions,Notes to the TextActive Expressions,人易患疾病。 他直到读大学的时候才离开家乡。 我们正处于严重的困难中。 让汤姆做这项工作是明智的。,Notes to the TextActive
35、Expressions,人易患疾病。Man is liable to diseases. 他直到读大学的时候才离开家乡。He didnt leave his hometown until he went to study in a university. 我们正处于严重的困难中。We are in real trouble. 让汤姆做这项工作是明智的。It is advisable that Tom be assigned the job.,Notes to the TextActive Expressions,1. Man is liable to diseases. 2. He didnt
36、 leave his hometown until he went to study in a university. 3. We are in real trouble. 4. It is advisable that Tom be assigned the job.,1. Sports medicine experts have observed for years that endurance athletes, particularly females, frequently have iron deficiencies. （L1）,Meaning: For years experts
37、 in sports medicine have observed that athletes such as long-distance runners, especially women athletes, often show a lack of iron.,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,II. Focus Study,moderate adj. 1) neither very big nor very small in amount, quality, degree, etc.,He is a student of moderate ability.,
38、他是个中等水平的学生。,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,2. . even moderate exercise may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women. （L3）,moderate adj. 2) reasonable and avoiding extreme opinions or action,The tone of her speech was quite moderate.,她说话的语气非常温和。,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,2. . even moderate e
39、xercise may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women. （L3）,3. We found that women who were normally inactive and then started a program of moderate exercise showed evidence of iron loss （L5）,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,We found that women who were not in the habit of doing physical exercises b
40、ut then suddenly began a program of moderate exercise showed signs of iron loss,3. evidence n. （L6）facts or physical signs that help prove something,There is some evidence that global warming is occurring.,有迹象表明全球正在变暖。,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,4. Sentence Analysis,Appositive 同位语, says Roseann
41、e M. Lyle, associate professor at Purdue. (L6) The first and most common is having low iron reserves, a condition that typically has no symptoms. (L34),Split the above two sentences into simple sentences respectively., says Roseanne M. Lyle. She is an associate professor at Purdue University. （L6） T
42、he first and most common is having low iron reserves. It is a condition that typically has no symptoms.,Now combine the following simple sentences into one sentence by using appositives.,The ancient Chinese were a people of inventors and discoverers.The ancient Chinese were a people of philosophers
43、and soldiers.The ancient Chinese were a people of poets and craftsmen.The ancient Chinese gave the world many of its most useful things.,The ancient Chinese, a people of inventors and discoverers, philosophers and soldiers, poets and craftsmen, gave the world many of its most useful things.,Notes to
44、 the TextFocus Study,5. Women who consumed additional meat or took iron supplements were able to bounce back （L10）,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,Meaning: Women who ate more meat than they usually did or took iron-added pills were able to return to their normal, healthy state,5. supplement n. (L10)
45、 a substance with a specific nutritional value taken to make up for a real or supposed deficiency in diet,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,Did you take any supplement before? If yes, can you name them?,mineral supplement; protein supplement; ,5. supplement n. (L10) an additional section included in o
46、r sold with a magazine or newspaper, especially an additional section that appears regularly,Did you read the special supplement to this financial magazine?,你看过这本金融杂志的特别增刊吗？,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,5. supplement n. (L10) an addition to something to increaseits size,The money they get from fr
47、uit-picking is often a supplement to incomes earned in the town.,他们靠采摘水果所得的钱常常是城里所挣收入的补贴。,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,5. supplement n. (L10),Translation,a multiple vitamin and mineral supplement,a special supplement to a monthly financial magazine,They are doing extra jobs outside their regular ones to supplement their incomes.,复合维生素和矿物质补剂,一份金融月刊的特别增刊,除了常规工作外，他们还干些零活，以补充收入。,6. bounce back (L11)feel better or become successful after experiencing something bad.,He is young enough to bounce back from this setback.,
