1、1. It is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes. 跟其他自然变化相比而言，这却是一种快速增长。,compare vt. comparewith/to 表示“把与作比较(同类相比)”,e.g. _ at the back of the book to see if they are right. 把你的答案同书后面的答案对照一下，看看是否正确。,compareto 还表示“把比做(异类相比, 比喻)”,e.g. _. 教师的工作常被比作蜡烛。,拓展: compared to /with与相比,一般在句子中作状语。
2、e.g. _ (与很多妇女相比), she was indeed very fortunate.,Compare your answers with/to those,A teachers work is often compared to a candle,Compared to/with many women,2. So how has this come about and does it matter? 那么这种温度的增长是怎么产生的呢？会产生什么影响呢？ come about vi.发生, 相当于happen/occur,e.g. Can you tell me _? 你能告诉我事故
3、是怎么发生的吗?,how the accident came about,_ humans speak so many different languages? 人类会说这么多种语言，这种情况是如何产生的呢？,How did it come about that,拓展：come across偶遇，偶然发现 come up with提出 come along跟随 还有一些常见的不及物动词短语，如：break out, take place, run out, etc.,3.it is human activity that has caused this global warming rathe
4、r than a random but natural phenomenon. 而地球变暖正是人类活动导致的，并非是一种无规律的自然现象。 random 1)adj.胡乱的，任意的,e.g. The information is processed _. 信息是按任意顺序处理的。,in a random order,2) n.随意 at random随意地，胡乱地,e.g. _ and started reading. 她随意翻开书就读了起来。,She opened the book at random,4. All scientists subscribe to the view that
5、the increase in the earths temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy. 所有的科学家赞同这种观点：人们为了生产能量而燃烧化石燃料（像煤、天然气和石油等），从而引起了地球温度的升高。,subscribe to sth 1) 订阅(书籍等) e.g. _? 你订阅哪种报纸?,What newspaper do you subscribe to,2) 定期捐款，定期缴纳会员费 e.g. Chris _ _.克里斯定期捐款
6、给一个环保行动组织,subscribes to an environmental action group,3) 同意; 支持 e.g. _. 我不同意这样的观点。,I dont subscribe to such views,subscribe vt 1) 申请；预订 e.g. The tour of Edinburgh _.去爱丁堡旅游的名额已经满了。 2) (在文件等下面)签名,is fully subscribed,e.g. Please _ a document.请在文件上签名。,subscribe your name to,5. Some byproducts of this pr
7、ocess are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of which is carbon dioxide. 这个升温过程的一些副产品就叫做“温室”气体，其中最重要的是二氧化碳。 此句为非限制性定语从句，从句结构为：the most+ adj+of+关系代词+定语从句,e.g. Some possible actions should be taken to keep our earth from getting warm, _ _(而其中最重要的措施之一是限制私家车的使用).,the most important one of
8、 which is to limit the use of private cars,Some good learning methods should be adopted to improve your study, _ _(而其中最有效的方法之一是与你的同学讨论).,the most effective one of which is to discuss with your classmates,类似的结构：数/代/名词+of+关系代词+定语从句,e.g. Some students in our class are studying abroad, _ (其中有三名女生).,thre
9、e of whom are girls,He has two daughters, _ _ (她们都是大学生).,both of whom are college students,I lived in the house, _ (窗户朝南).,the window of which faces south,6. The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. 当我们在大气层中增加了大量额外的二氧化碳时，问题就来了。 quantity n. 数量; 量,e.g
10、. Your homework has improved _ _ this term. 本学期你的作业在数量和质量上都有提高,in quantity and quality,a quantity of 和quantities of都表示“大量的”。a quantity of + nC复数/ nU+单数谓语；而quantities of+nC复数/nU+复数谓语。,e.g. A small quantity of water _. 瓶子里还剩下少量的水。,is left in the bottle,Quantities of arms _ hidden in the trucks. 卡车上发现蒧
11、有大量的武器,were discovered,拓展：a large/small amount of+nU+单数谓语；amounts of+nU+复数谓语,e.g. A large amount of damage _ _. 短期内造成大量损害。,was done in a short time,Large amounts of money _. 在这座桥上花了大量资金。,were spent on the bridge,7. Dr Janice Foster says that over the next 100 years the amount of warming could be as
12、low as 1 to 1.5 degrees Celsius, but it could be as high as 5 degrees. 贾尼丝福斯特博士说，在今后的100年里，全球变暖的量可能低到11.5摄氏度，但也有可能高达5摄氏度。 as low as意为“低至”，as high as意为“高达”。类似的短语还有：as many as, as much as(多达), as early as(早在).etc,e.g. I mailed the letter as early as Friday. _,我早在星期五就把信寄了。,_ visited our school today. 今
13、天有100位外国学生参观了我校。,As many as 100 foreign students,In fact it cost me _. 事实上，它整整花了我200美元。,as much as 200 dollars,8. It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up. 这就意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起全球温度上升。 1) tend vi. (1) 趋向于；照顾 e.g. His views _. 他的观点趋
14、于偏激。,tend towards the extreme,He has to _ (照顾她妈妈) in the hospital because of her illness.,tend to his mother,(2) tend to do sth 易于/往往会做某事 When Im tired, _. 我累了就容易出错。,I tend to make mistakes,Women _ than men.女人通常比男人长寿。,tend to live longer,vt. 照顾，护理 e.g. _. 医生和护士护理受伤者。tendency _ trend _,Doctors and nu
15、rses tended the injured,n.倾向，偏好,n.趋势，趋向，倾向,2)go up vi. (1) 上升 e.g. 物价又上涨了。_ (go up) =_.(bring up) (2) 被建造起来 e.g. _. 到处在兴建新工厂。,Prices have gone up again,Prices have been brought up,New factories are going up everywhere,9. They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has r
16、esulted in this increase in carbon dioxide. 他们还赞同下述观点：正是由于越来越多燃烧化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。 result in 结果; 致使; 导致 result from 起于, 由于, 由引起,e.g. Acting before thinking always _ (导致失败).,results in failure,The accident _ (造成死亡) of two people.,resulted in the death,His sickness _ (由于吃得太多). 表示“导致”的其它表达：cause / bring a
17、bout / lead to/ contribute to / give rise to 拓展：result用作n的相关短语：as a result结果 as a result of由于的结果,resulted from eating too much,10. On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposed to this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air
18、. 另一方面，还有一些人，像科学家乔治汉布利，反对上面的观点，他们认为我们不必担心空气中会有高含量的二氧化碳。,1) oppose vt. 反对; 反抗 oppose sth/doing sth.= object to sth /doing sth. 反对某事/做某事 e.g. The young man _ his parents for help. 这个年轻人反对向他的父母求助。,opposed/objected to turning to,2) opposed adj.对立的 be opposed to sth/doing sth. 反对某事/做某事 e.g. _.他强烈反对这一计划。,
19、I am opposed to going shopping with others,_.我反对与他人一起外出购物。 拓展：be against sth 反对,He is strongly opposed to the plan,11. They predict that any warming will be mild with few had environmental consequences. 他们预言说，变暖的情况不会很严重，对环境的影响也不会太坏。,consequence n. 结果, 后果, 影响 in consequence=as a consequence=as a resu
20、lt as a consequence of=as a result of e.g. He studied hard, and _ _ (因此他通过了考试). 拓展：consequent _ consequently _,in consequence he passed the exam,12. In fact, Hambley states, 汉布利实际上是这样说的 state v. 陈述, 声明 n. 状况, 情况; 国家；(美国的)州 statement _,13. it will encourage a greater range of animals. 它会促进动物种类的增多。,ad
21、j.随后的，相应的,adv.所以，因此,n. 陈述, 声明；(正式的)声明；陈述方式,range 1) n.范围 e.g. The shop keeps _.这家商店商品品种多。 There will be an increase _ 0 to 3 percent. 将会有0到3个百分点的增长幅度。,a wide range of goods,in the range of,2)v.排列：在某范围内变化 range from to /betweenand从到不等 e.g. The teacher _ along the path. 老师令其学生沿着小径排队。 The temperature _
22、. 温度在15度到35度之间。 He has a variety of interests, _ _.他有各种兴趣，从徒步到潜水。,ranged his students,ranges from 15 to 35 degrees,ranging from hiking to diving,14. Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries. 1)
23、 even if=even though 意为“即使，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。 e.g. He will come on time _.即使下雨, 他还是会准时来的。 2) keep on继续进行，继续下去 e.g. _.雨彻夜下个不停。 _ although she was tired. 她虽然疲劳，但仍然继续工作。,even if/though it rains,The rain kept on all night,She kept on working,15. Glance quickly at the magazine article and answer the questions
24、. 迅速看一下杂志上的这篇文章并回答问题。 glance 1) n.一瞥，扫视,take a glance at/over 匆匆一看，一瞥 e.g. _.他匆匆看了一眼报纸上的大标题。 2)v.扫视；浏览；粗略地看 glance at浏览，粗略地看 e.g. She _ and went out. 她匆匆看了看手表，出去了。 I only had time _.我只来得及浏览一下报纸了。,He took a glance at the newspaper headlines,glanced at her watch,to glance at the newspapers,辨析 glare at / glance at / look at / stare at/ gaze at glance at 表示“粗略地看一下，一瞥” glare at 表示“怒目而视”强调敌对或威胁的态度 look at 表示“看着”为一般用语 stare at 表示“盯着看”指由于惊奇、羡慕或恐惧而睁大眼睛，目不转睛地注视。 gaze at 表示由于喜爱和快乐而注视。,
