1、Contents,Reading Skills,Text B,Test Yourself,Reading Skills,自测,课文,Finding out word meaning: guess or figure out the meaning of unfamiliar words,by following the most commonly seen contextual clues,The most commonly seen contextual clues:,随 笔,Definition (释义法),Examples (举例法),Synonyms (同义词),Antonyms (反
2、义词),Word Stems (词干) and Affixes (词缀),General Sense of a Sentence (句义分析),to be continued,Practice,Some words or phrases give the definition of an unknown word, usually by using punctuation (标点符号).,Desalination, or the removal of salt from seawater, is a method of providing fresh water for business, h
3、ome, and agricultural use.,“The removal of salt from seawater” is the definition of “desalination”.,随 笔,to be continued,Definition (释义法),Example,Practice,Examples relating to the unknown word, usually introduced with “for example, for instance, such as, including”.,As they moved westward, they faced
4、 many adversities, such as scarce food, extreme weather, and loneliness.,The examples of “scarce food, extreme weather, and loneliness” tell you that “adversities” means “hardships”.,随 笔,Examples (举例法),Example,to be continued,Practice,One or more words that mean the same or almost the same as the un
5、known word.,Cellphones have become ubiquitous; you can see and hear them everywhere.,The synonym “everywhere” tells you the meaning of “ubiquitous”.,随 笔,Synonyms (同义词),Example,to be continued,Practice,Words or phrases that mean the opposite of an unknown word.,My sister thinks it is futile to study
6、hard the night before an exam, but I find it quite useful.,The word “useful” contrasts with “futile”, which means “not useful”, or “useless”.,随 笔,to be continued,Antonyms (反义词),Example,Practice,Word stems and affixes are important clues in guessing the meaning of unknown words.,Businesses are redesi
7、gning their offices to provide better working environment for their employees.,From the prefix “re” you can figure out the meaning of “redesign”.,随 笔,to be continued,Word Stems (词干) and Affixes (词缀),Example,Practice,Sometimes you can figure out the meaning of an unknown word by basing on the general
8、 information of a sentence, or relying on common sense or your own experiences.,It took a whole day for them to extricate the little girl from the bottom of the well.,When you see “from the bottom of the well”, general sense tells you the meaning of “extricate” is “free”.,随 笔,to be continued,General
9、 sense of a sentence (句义分析),Example,Practice,There are other ways to help you find out word meanings in context. Please try and use the skills in your reading.,随 笔,Practice,Directions: Now read the following sentences and try to figure out the meanings of the underlined words and expressions. Use co
10、ntextual clues, word-formation clues, your knowledge of subject and the world to decide which synonym(同义词) provided is the closest match. Do not count on the New Words because these words have been purposely chosen outside the list.,Practice,Introduction,随 笔,1. Many people find that the online metho
11、d requires them to use their experiences and that online learning offers them a place to communicate with each other. This forum for communication removes the visual barriers that hinder some students from expressing themselves. A. the online method B. a place for online learning C. a place to commu
12、nicate with each others D. the experience of online learning,Introduction,随 笔,2. This forum for communication removes thevisual barriers that hinder some studentsfrom expressing themselves.A. hide B. preventC. help D. advance,Introduction,随 笔,3. Remember that instructors cannot see their students in
13、 an online course. This means students must be absolutely explicit with their comments and requests. If they experience technical difficulties, or problems in understanding something about the course, they MUST speak up; otherwise there is no way anyone can know something is wrong. A. correct B. car
14、eful C. attentive D. clear,Introduction,随 笔,4. Online courses require students to make decisions based on facts as well as experience. It is absolutely necessary for students to assimilate information and make the right decisions based on critical thinking.A. take in B. take down C. put into differe
15、nt class D. make an analysis of,Introduction,随 笔,5. Just as many excellent instructors may not be effective online facilitators, not all students have the necessary qualities to perform well online. A. students B. learning assistantsC. inspectors D. course designers,Introduction,随 笔,Text B,How shall
16、 we learn Text B?,New Words,Text Study,Choice Making,Text B: fast-reading material Fast reading: 100 words per minute The trick: keep in your mind the key words of each question before you start off,随 笔,Q1. Judging from Paragraph 2, the online environment can be less intimidating because online stud
17、ents _. Q2. To be successful, some online students may have to _. Q3. Unlike regular schools, teachers cannot see their students in the online environment, so online students must _. Q4. When problems arise, online students must _.,New Words,Text Study,Choice Making,随 笔,Q5. Successful online student
18、s think that online learning is _. Q6. According to Paragraph 6, online learning requires that students should _. Q7. Why is testing and challenging of ideas encouraged in the online classroom? Q8. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?,New Words,Text Study,Choice Making
19、,随 笔,Q1. Judging from Paragraph 2, the online environment can be less intimidating because online students _.A. have unique qualities that best fit the online environment B. are not bothered by other studentsC. are allowed more time to think about the information before replying D. can answer questi
20、ons without other people reading what they write,Keys for reference,New Words,Questions,Text Study,随 笔,Q2. To be successful, some online students may have to _.A. improve their writing abilities to be able to communicate through written languageB. complete their assignments quicklyC. work harder tha
21、n their classmatesD. show their teachers how to become good online facilitators,New Words,Questions,Text Study,随 笔,Q3. Unlike regular schools, teachers cannot see their students in the online environment, so online students must _.A. understand technical problems they meet in learning their coursesB
22、. make their comments and requests directly and clearlyC. discuss their ideas according to their knowledge about the subject being studiedD. explain their problems and those of other students,New Words,Questions,Text Study,随 笔,Q4. When problems arise, online students must _.A. explain the reasons an
23、d learn from other studentsB. use their own experience to understand the problem themselvesC. tell the instructors and other students whatproblems they are having D. try to reinforce their own knowledge of these problems,New Words,Questions,Text Study,随 笔,Q5. Successful online students think that on
24、line learning is _.A. easier than learning in regular classroomsB. a fun way to studyC. less convenient because students have to spend so many hours in front of the computerD. a convenient way to receive education,New Words,Questions,Text Study,随 笔,Q6. According to Paragraph 6, online learning requi
25、res thatstudents should _.A. respect the instructor and their classmates B. think critically and make decisions based onfactsC. understand the information of online coursesD. feel good about their work,New Words,Questions,Text Study,随 笔,Q7. Why is testing and challenging of ideas encouraged in the o
26、nline classroom?A. Because students must help each other grow by learning from their mistakes.B. Because students need to prepare to accept a challenge.C. Because this helps online students realize where they are wrong and helps them make progress. D. Because facilitators must discover what students
27、 know and dont know.,New Words,Questions,Text Study,随 笔,Q8. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Virtual classroom is playing a more important role than traditional classroom. B. In an online classroom most communication is spoken.C. Online learning is popular with s
28、ome people because it is easier. D. Once you are left behind in online courses, you will have difficulty catching up.,New Words,Questions,Text Study,随 笔,短语搭配拓展归纳,It cannot be long before people become aware of the danger of bad living habits to their health.,过不了多久, 人们就会意识到不良生活习惯对健康的危害。,become/be awa
29、re of: have knowledge or understanding of 意识到,The following list discusses some ideal qualities of successful online students. 以下所列是取得成功的网上学生的一些理想素质。,For more,be open-minded about: keep ones mind open to 从心里乐于接受，对的思想是开放的,与教育改革相关的任何好想法我们都乐于接受。,We are open-minded about any good ideas associated with t
30、he educational reform.,warm-hearted cold-blooded heartfelt,1. 缺乏自信心是妨碍你在职业生涯上取得成功的最大障碍之一。,1. Lack of self-confidence is one of the biggest barriers to your success in careers.,be a barrier to: prevent progress or make it difficult for sb. to achieve sth. 是的障碍,2. 这种药防止这种病在空气中的传播。,2. This medicine act
31、s as a barrier to the spread of thedisease in the air.,1. 智者与愚人的差异在于前者在每晚睡觉前都反思自己当天的言行并从中有所领悟。,1. The difference between the wise and the foolish lies in the fact that the former, before sleeping each night, reflect on all they have said and done the very day, and then get some insight from it.,refl
32、ect on/upon: think deeply about; ponder; meditate on/upon; contemplate; weigh up 考虑，认真思考,2. 参赛选手没时间仔细考虑所作回答就要准备下一个问题。,2. Contestants are not given much time to reflect ontheir replies before preparing for the next question.,It is/was critical that (should) do: 是十分重要的。,跟上网络课程的进度十分重要。,It is critical t
33、hat you (should) keep up with the flow of the online course.,gain insight from sth./sb.: get an understanding or view of the interior of sth. from sth.从某事中/某人那里获得见识/顿悟,从这次经历获得的顿悟给我的生活赋予了新的意义。,The insight gained from this experience has invested my life with new meaning.,对比记忆,gain/have (an) insight i
34、nto sth. 对某一事物有洞察力,It is/seems likely that (从句): 是可能的。,这里不大可能爆发战争。,War is less likely to break out here.,commit sth. to (doing) sth.: spend money or time on sth. 把某物专门用于,政府拨专款用于抗击自然灾害。,The government committed special money to thebattle against natural disasters.,1. Before you commit yourself to thi
35、s contract youshould take a couple of hours to think it through.,1. 在答应履行此合同之前，你应全面地考虑几个小时。,2. 我们必须把问题想透彻了再采取行动。,think through: think carefully and thoroughly about 彻底全面地考虑,2. We must think the problem through before taking any action.,allow for: take into consideration 考虑到,a. In treating and curing
36、 such patients, you must _ the danger of your being infected.,b. The current decisive battle against the disease_ no negligence of duty on the part of the governments at all levels of our society.,对比记忆,allow of 容许 (=permit),allow for,allows of,on sb.s part/on the part of sb.: with regard to sb.; in the case of sb. 就（某人）而言；在方面,The other team attributed their defeat to unfairness _ the referee.,Their habit of living is _ responsible for theoutbreak of the disease.,in part 在某种程度上 for ones part 就来说 for the most part 通常，在大多数情况下,on the part of,in part,Thank You,
