1、合同英语的翻译,What is a contract?,Contracts referred to in this Law are agreements between equal natural persons, legal persons and other organizations for the purpose of establishing, altering and terminating mutual civil rights and obligations. 合同是平等主体的自然人、法人、其他组织之间设立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系的协议。,词汇特点,1）使用正式的法律用语A
2、t the request of Party B, Party A agrees to send technicians to assist Party B to install the equipment. 应乙方要求，甲方同意派遣技术人员协助乙方安装设备。,In processing transactions, the manufacturers never have title either to the materials or to the finished products. title: the legal right or claim to ownership or posse
3、ssion在加工贸易中，厂方对原料和成品均无所有权。,Arbitration fees shall be borne by the losing party, unless otherwise awarded. 仲裁费用由败诉方负担，仲裁裁定中另有规定者除外。,beforeprior tobut provided thatafter subsequentstart commenceend terminate,tell informuseemployaccording to in accordance withshow demonstratewishdesire,2）常用古体词语here/the
4、re/where + 后缀 in/by/after等构成的复合词here: the contract, thisthere: 上文刚刚提到的名词或事物, thatwhere: what/which,hereafter = after this time; 今后hereby = by means/reason of this; 特此herein = in this; 此中，于此hereinafter = later in this contract; 在下文thereafter = afterwards; 此后，后来thereby = by that means; 因此；由此；在那方面there
5、in = from that; 在那里；在那点上thereinafter = later in the same contract; 以下；在下文whereby = by what; by which; 由是；凭那个wherein = in what; in which; 在哪里；在哪点上,Party B should bear all the losses herefrom. 乙方须承担由此产生的一切损失。,We hereby confirm having sold to you on Dec. 12th, 2010, the following goods on terms and con
6、ditions as set forth hereunder. 兹确认于2010年12月12日售予贵公司下列商品，其成交条款如下。,In case no settlement can be reached thereby, the dispute may, if either party so requires, be resolved by arbitration. 如果由此产生的争论不能解决，任何一方认为必要的话，可以提出仲裁。,This contract is made by and between the Buyers and the Sellers, whereby the Buye
7、rs agree to buy and the Sellers agree to sell the undermentioned commodity according to the terms and conditions stipulated below. 本合同由买卖双方签订，据此，买卖双方同意按下列条款购买、出售下列商品。,3）较多的使用成对的同义词The parties may, through consultation, make amendments to and revision of this contract as and when the need arises. 双方可
8、在必要时通过协商修改本合同。,Each party to this Agreement shall fulfill or perform any of the obligations under this Agreement.本协议双方应履行协议规定的义务。,This Agreement and any rights or obligation hereunder are not transferable or assignable by one party to this agreement without the consent of the other party hereto. 本协议
9、以及本协议所规定的权利或义务，未经另一方同意不得擅自转让。,This Agreement, and all rights vested in the Second Party, shall forthwith become null and void, if the Second Party shall violate, or omit to perform, any of the following terms, provisions and conditions. 如乙方违反或忘记执行以下条款及条件，本协议及赋予乙方之所有权利将立即失效。,terms and conditions条款com
10、plete and final全部的和最终的furnish and provide提供by and between （由）两者之间Complaints and claims索赔,made and signed由.签订as and when (necessary)(必要）时power and authority 权利bind and obligate约束sole and exclusive唯一的final and conclusive 最终的,The buyer is responsible for the following costs and charges in the sale and
11、transport of goods. 买方承担货物运输和销售中的成本和费用。,If the Buyer asks to increase the insurance premium or scope of risks, he should get the permission of the Seller by and before time of loading, and all the charges thus incurred should be borne by the Buyer. 买方如要求增加保额或保险范围，应与装船前（包括装船日）经卖方同意，因此而增加的保险费由买方负责。,4）
12、 多用shall加强语气表示双方各自的义务，含有“必须”的强制意义。This contract shall become effective upon and from the date on which it is signed. 本合同应于签字之日开始生效。,The Sellers shall be liable for any rust, damage and loss attributed to inadequate packing by the sellers. 由包装不当引起的生锈、损失，其责任应由卖方承担。,5）用语力求明确、具体、严密Payment shall be made
13、by Party B in a week. Payment shall be made by Party B within a week of delivery. 应由乙方在提货后一周内付款。Payment shall be made by Party B a week after the delivery.应由乙方在提货一周后付款。,Party A shall send technicians to train Party Bs personnel. 甲方应派技术员对乙方工作人员进行培训。Party A shall send technicians at Party Bs expenses
14、to train Party Bs personnel within 30 days after signing the contract. 甲方应与合同签订日后30天内委派技术人员对乙方的工作人员进行培训，费用由乙方负责。,This article does not apply to bondholders who have not been paid in full.本条款不适用于尚未全部偿付的债券持有者。This article applies only to bondholders who have been paid in full.本条款只适用于已经全部偿付的债券持有者。,特殊用语
15、,whereas: considering that (鉴于); 在约首以引出签约的背景和目的Whereas Party A agrees to purchase from Party B the machines and equipment.鉴于甲方同意向乙方购买该机器设备，.,witness 证明This Agreement, made by ., Witnesses: 本协议由.签订，证明（兹约定）,In witness whereof 约尾条款中，“作为所协议事项的证据”，特此证明IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused th
16、is agreement to be executed by the respective representatives on the date first above written. 兹证明，本协议由双方各自代表在上述订约日期签订。,合同的结构,标题（Title）前言（the head/Preamble）正文 （the body/Habendum）约尾 （the tail/ Witness clause）,约首 （the head）,Title：合同名称Number of the Contract: 合同编号Date of signing: 签约日期Signing parties: 签约
17、当事人Place of signing: 签约地点Principal place of business or residence address:主要营业场所或住所Each Partys authority: 当事人的合法依据Recitals/whereas clause: 缔约缘由,正文 （the body）,Name of commodity(specification) ：货物名称（规格）Quality 质量条款Quantitiy 数量条款Price 价格条款Packing 包装条款Insurance 保险条款Shipment and Delivery 交货条款Payment 付款条款
18、,Industrial property right and patent 工业产权和专利条款Inspection 商检条款Training 培训条款Confidential 保密条款Guarantee 保证条款Claim 索赔条款Breach and Rescission of Contract 违约、毁约条款Arbitration 仲裁条款Force Majeure 不可抗力条款Applicable laws 法律适用条款Miscellaneous 其他条款,约尾 （the tail ）,Concluding sentence 结尾句Signature 签字Seal 盖章,Contract
19、,This Agreement, made and entered into this 10th day of December, 2007, by and between A company, limited, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of _ (country or jurisdiction) having its principal office at _ (place) (hereafter called A) and B corporation, a corporation organized and e
20、xisting under the laws of _ (country or jurisdiction) having its principal office at _ (place) (hereafter called B)WITNESSESWHEREAS, A desires to export to B the goods as specified in Exhibit A hereof (hereinafter called the Goods); and whereas, B desires to import the Goods from A; Now, THEREFORE,
21、A and B hereby agree as follows:,This Agreement, made and entered into this 10th day of December, 2007, by and between A company, limited, a corporation organized and existing under the laws _ (country or jurisdiction) having its principal office at _ (place) (hereafter called A) and B corporation,
22、a corporation organized and existing under the laws of _ (country or jurisdition) having its principal office at _ (place) (hereafter called B)本合同由_ 有限公司， 该公司根据_ 国法律成立和存续， 主营业所在_ (以下简称甲方）与_ 公司，该公司根据_ 国法律成立和存续，主营业所在_ (以下简称乙方）， 订立于2007年12月10日。,WITNESSESWHEREAS, A desires to export to B the goods as sp
23、ecified in Exhibit (附件) A hereof (hereinafter called the Goods); and whereas, B desires to import the Goods from A; Now, THEREFORE, A and B hereby agree as follows:证明鉴于甲方愿意向乙方出口本合同附件A中所规定的物品（以下简称“货物”）；且鉴于乙方愿意从甲方进口上述货物，甲方和乙方特此同意订立下列条款：,合同中状语从句的翻译,在合同中， 为了使条款明确清晰， 排除一切可能产生的歧义与误解， 严格界定缔约各方履行义务、承担责任及享有权
24、利的时效、方式、条件等， 常常使用大量时间、条件、目的和方式等状语。,If the technical documents are found lost, damaged or mutilated during air transportation, Party B shall supply party A free of charge with a second set of the documents within the shortest possible time but not later than thirty days after it has received from Par
25、ty A the written notice. 若技术资料在空运中丢失、损坏或短缺， 乙方须于收到甲方的书面通知后三十天内尽快免费向甲方重新邮寄该技术资料一套。,Within 30 days after the signing and coming into effect of this contract, the Buyer shall proceed to pay the price for the goods to the Seller by opening an irrevocable L/C for the full amount of US $30,000 in favor of
26、 the Seller through a bank at import point so that the Seller may draw the sum in due time. 买方须于本合同签字并生效后三十天内通过进口地银行开立以卖方为收益人的不可撤销的信用证支付全部货款计30,000 美元， 以便卖方及时提取款项。,Should one of the parties to the contract be prevented from executing contract by force majeure, such as earthquake, typhoon, flood, fir
27、e, and war and other unforeseen events, and their happening and consequences are unpreventable and unavoidable, the prevented party shall notify the other party by cable or fax without any delay, and within fifteen days thereafter provide the detailed information of the events and a valid document f
28、or evidence issued by the relevent public notary organization for explaining the reason of its inability to execute or delay the execution of all or part of the contract.,由于如地震、台风、水灾、火灾、战争及其他不能预见并且对其发生和后果不可避免的不可抗力事件，影响任何一方履行合同时，遇有不可抗力的一方，应立即用电报、传真通知对方，并应在15天内提供不可抗力详情及相关公正机构出具的不能履行合同或部分合同，或者需要延期履行的理由
29、的有效证明文件。,英语中的条件状语的位置相对汉语来说十分灵活， 根据行文的需要及上下文的连贯， 可位于句首、句末或句中； 而汉语中则通常是将表示假设的条件状语从句放在句首。因此， 我们在翻译商务合同中含有条件状语从句的句子时， 可以首先考虑将状语放到句首， 突出句子的核心部分。,The Buyer shall have the right to claim against the Seller for compensation of losses within 60 days after arrival of the goods at the port of destination, shou
30、ld the quality of the goods be found not in conformity with the specifications stipulated in the contract after reinspection by the China Commodity Inspection Bureau. 若货物经中国商品检验局复检后发现质量与本合同之规定不符， 买方有权于货物抵达目的港后的60天内向卖方提出索赔。,合同中定语从句的翻译The seller must deliver goods which are of the quantity, quality an
31、d descriptions required by the contract and which are contained or packed in the manner required by the contract. 卖方交付的货物必须与合同所规定的数量、质量和规格一致， 并按照合同所规定的方式装箱或包装。,In case no amicable settlement can be reached between the two parties, the case in dispute shall be submitted to arbitration which shall be
32、held in the country where the defendant resides. 如双方达不成友好协议， 争议可提交仲裁。仲裁在被诉方所在国进行。,The buyer shall have the right to claim against the Seller for compensation of losses within 60 days after arrival of the goods at the port of destination, should the quality of the goods be found not in conformity wit
33、h the specifications stipulated in the Contract after reinspection by the China Commodity Inspection Bureau (CCIB) and the Buyer shall have the right to claim against the Sellers for compensation of shortweight within 60 days after arrival of the goods at the port of destination, should the weight b
34、e found not in conformity with that stipulated in the Bill of Lading after reinspection by the CCIB.,若货物经中国商品检验局复检后发现质量与本合同之规定不符，买方有权于货物抵达目的港后的60天内向卖方提出索赔。 若经中国商品检验局复检发现货物重量与提单所示重量不符，买方有权于货物抵达目的港后的60天内向卖方提出短重索赔。,The parties invoking Force Majeure shall:A. notify the other parties as soon as possible
35、 in writing the nature of the Force Majeure and the extent to which the Force Majeure suspends the affected partys obligations under the Agreement; and B. resume performance of its obligations as soon as possible after the Force Majeure condition no longer exists. The formation of this Contract, its
36、 validity, interpretation, execution and settlement of the disputes, shall be governed by the related laws of the Peoples Republic of China.,Buyers or their chartering agent shall advise the Sellers by Fax 10 days prior to the arrival of the carrying vessel at the port of shipment of the contract nu
37、mber, name of the carrying vessel, approximate loading capacity, lay days and port of loading.,The parties invoking Force Majeure shall:A. notify the other parties as soon as possible in writing the nature of the Force Majeure and the extent to which the Force Majeure suspends the affected partys ob
38、ligations under the Agreement; and B. resume performance of its obligations as soon as possible after the Force Majeure condition no longer exists. 援引不可抗力条款的一方应：A.尽快书面通知其他方不可抗力的性质和迫使该方暂停履行本协议规定的该方义务的程度；B.在不可抗力状况一经结束，尽快恢复履行义务。,The formation of this Contract, its validity, interpretation, execution an
39、d settlement of the disputes, shall be governed by the related laws of the Peoples Republic of China. 本合同的订立、效力、解释、履行和争议的解决均受中华人民共和国法律的管辖。,Buyers or their chartering agent shall advise the Sellers by Fax 10 days prior to the arrival of the carrying vessel at the port of shipment of the contract numb
40、er, name of the carrying vessel, approximate loading capacity, lay days and port of loading. 买方或其租船代理人须于货轮抵达装运港前 天以传真方式直接通知卖方合同号、船名、大致的受载重量， 停泊日数及装运港名。,若双方在执行本合同或与本合同有关的事情时发生争议，应首先友好协商；协商不成，可向有管辖权的人民法院提起诉讼。Both parties will solve any disputes arising from the execution of the contract or in connecti
41、on with the contract through friendly consultation. In case an agreement cannot be reached, any party may submit the dispute to the court that has jurisdiction over the matter.,应供应商的要求，经销商应给予所有合理的协助查找并召回任何有缺陷的经销产品，防止有缺陷的产品授予第三方， 并应特别遵循供应商规定的经销产品召回程序，并应尽全力确保其客户以类似方式予以合作。If requested by the Supplier,
42、the Distributor shall give all reasonable assistance in locating and recovering any defective products and preventing their sale to third parties and in particular, shall comply with any product recall procedures adopted by the Supplier and shall make its best efforts to ensure that its cusomers coo
43、perate in a similar manner.,外商投资广告企业的项目建议书及可行性研究报告，由国家工商行政管理总局及其授权的省级工商行政管理局审定。The project proposal and the feasibility study report of a foreign-funded advertising enterprise shall be subject to the examination and approval of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce (SAIC) and its author
44、ized administration for industry and commerce of provincial level.,异议：品质异议须于货到目的口岸之日起30天内提出，数量异议须于货到目的口岸之日起15天内提出，但均须提供经卖方同意的公证行的检验证明。Discrepancy: In case of quality discrepany, claim should be lodged by the Buyer within 30 days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination, while for quantity discrepany, claim should be lodged by the Buyer within 15 days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination. In all cases, claims should be accompanied by Survey Reports of recognized Public Surveyors agreed to by the Seller.,
