1、1,Introduction to Computer Systems,2,Outline,Teaching staffs Textbook and Grading Motivation Suggested reading Preface 1720 (2029 optional),3,Instructor,臧斌宇 Email: Office phone: 13917124245 Make an appointment,4,Teaching Assistants,陈榕 杨克峤、郝志军、袁立威、王肇国,5,Text Book,Randy Bryant and David OHallaron, Co
2、mputer Systems: A Programmers Perspective Prentice Hall, August 12, 2002.Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie, The C Programming Language, Second Edition Prentice Hall, 1988,6,Grading,Exams(60%) Mid term (15% each) Final (30%) All exams are open books/open notes. Labs (35%) 4 labs(25%), (4-12% each) O
3、n line exam for lab 2(10%) Home work(5%),7,Layers of Computer Systems,Why study computer systems?,Lots of systems companies Microsoft, Google, IBM, EMC, CISCO, VMware Whats Googles core? Google Cluster, GFS, MapReduce, BigTable Good systems knowledge is a necessity to get you a good offers/promotion
4、s at such companies and top universities,9,Background,Architecture instructors complain students hate the course Good material, dedicated teachers, but students hate it Dont see how it will affect there lives as programmers OS instructors complain about lack of preparation Students dont know machine
5、-level programming well enough What does it mean to store the processor state on the run-time stack?,10,Background,Programming Lies at the Heart of Most Modern Systems Computer systems Embedded devices: cell phones, automobile controls, Electronics: DSPs, programmable controllers Programmers Have to
6、 Understand Their Machines and Their Limitations Correctness: computer arithmetic, storage allocation Efficiency: memory & CPU performance,11,Background,Knowing How to Build Systems Is Not the Way to Learn How to Program Them Its wasteful to teach every computer scientist how to design a microproces
7、sor Knowledge of how to build does not transfer to knowledge of how to use,12,Birth of ICS,New Idea from CMU: Introduce them to computer systems from a programmers perspective rather than from a system designers perspective Topic Filter: What parts of a computer system affect the correctness, perfor
8、mance, and utility of my C programs? New Course Birth: Introduction to Computer Systems,13,Where are we?,From abstractions to details (realities) From application level to system level From Java to C,14,Features of this course,Enduring Concepts From programmers perspective Actively study Becoming th
9、e rare “power programmer”,15,Enduring concepts,Computer systems consist hardware and systems software that work together to run programs Specific implementations of systems change over time But the underlying concepts do not All computer systems have similar hardware and software components that per
10、form similar functions,16,From programmers perspective,Written for programmers instead of system builders Few students would have the opportunity to build a computer system Even the computer engineers would be required to use and program computers on a daily basis It covers a topic only if it affect
11、ed correctness, performance or utility of user-level C programs,17,From programmers perspective,Take a broader and more realistic view of the system What the computer hardware is How modern computer works,18,Actively study,New concepts are followed by practical problems Homework problems and labs ar
12、e also real Learning by doing Working concrete problems Writing and running programs on real systems Practical, concrete, hands-on and exciting,19,Becoming the rare “power programmer”,Enlightened by an understanding of the underlying computer system and its impact on your application programs You kn
13、ow How things work and How to fix them when they break,20,Where is ICS in Courses,Introduction to Computer Systems,Operating Systems,Architecture,Compilers,Networking,Computer Systems Engineering,21,Drawbacks of this book,This book is written by famous professors The materials in this book are very
14、good However, the book is not well organized Some parts are too tedious Some important ideas are omitted It should be better for you to follow my directions to read the book,22,Good luck!,23,A Tour of Computer Systems,24,Outline,Layers of computer systems Suggested reading 1.4.1, 1.7.3,25,Layers of
15、Computer Systems,26,Computer Hardware - Von Neumann Architecture,27,EDVAC,28,IA-32,29,IA-32,30,IA-32,31,IA-32,32,IA-32,33,34,Operating Systems,1960s IBM OS/360, Honeywell Multics, Fernado Jose Corbat IEEE Computer Pioneer Award, 1982 ACM Turing Award, 1990,35,Operating Systems,Unix Bell Lab, DEC PDP
16、-7, 1969 Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, Doug Mcllroy, Joe Ossana 1970 Brian Kernighan dubbed the system “Unix” Rewritten in C in 1973, announced in 1974 BSD (UC, Berkeley), System V(Bell lab) Solaris (Sun Microsystem) Posix standard Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie ACM Turing Award, 1983,36,Linux,1991, L
17、inus Torvalds Unix-like operating systems 386(486)AT, bash(1.08), gcc(1.40) Posix complaint version of Unix operating system Available on a wide array of computers From handheld devices to mainframe computers wristwatch,We have seen a bunch of Operating Systems,We have seen a bunch of Operating Systems,
