1、Module 3 Music Grammar,时间状语从句和过去完成时 【新知导引】 . 根据文章内容, 用适当的连词填空 1. Mozart started composing music _he was five. 2. _he was 14, Mozart had composed many pieces of music.,when,By the time,3. _he was still a teenager, Mozart was already a big star. 4. Beethoven showed musical talent _he was very young. 5
2、. _he grew older, he began to go deaf.,While,when,As,. 用所给动词的正确形式填空 1. Other composers _(write) symphonies before Haydn. 2. Haydn_ (meet) Mozart in 1781. 3. After they _(know) each other for many years, Beethoven said that Haydn was a good composer.,had written,met,had known,4. By the end of last ye
3、ar, we _(build) five bridges. 5. Einstein _ (learn) advanced maths before he went to college.,had built,had learnt,【要义详析】 一、时间状语从句由表示时间的连词引导的在句中作状语的从句叫时间状语从句。引导时间状语从句的连词有when, while, as, before, after, since, till, until, once, whenever, every time, the first time, as soon as, hardly. . . when, scar
4、cely. . . when等。,1. when, as, while引导时间状语从句的用法区别。 (1)when, as和while引导时间状语从句时, 从句谓语动词是延续性动词时, 可互换使用。 *When/While/As I was young, I liked dancing. 我年轻时喜欢跳舞。(be为延续性动词),(2)如果主句与从句的动作是先后发生的, 只能用when, 不能用as或while。 *When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest. 完成作业后, 他休息了一小会儿。(finish发生在take之前),
5、【名师点津】when的特殊用法 用作并列连词, 表示“这时突然”。其句型为: was/were doing. . . when. . . was/were going to do. . . when. . . was/were about to do. . . when. . . had(not)done. . . when. . .,引导让步状语从句, 表示“虽然”。 hardly. . . when. . . “刚就”。此句型中主句用过去完成时, when从句中用一般过去时。当hardly置于句首时, 主句部分倒装, 将had提到主语之前。,*We were having dinner w
6、hen he came in. 我们正在吃饭, 这时他进来了。 *He was about to give up when he suddenly found the answer. 正当他要放弃时, 他找到了答案。,*He walks when he might take a taxi. 虽然可以乘出租车, 他却步行。 *I had hardly opened/Hardly had I opened the door when he told me. 我刚打开门, 他就告诉了我。,(3)如果主句谓语动词与从句谓语动词都是终止性动词, when与as可互换。 *He came just as/
7、when we reached the gate. 我们刚到达门口时, 他来了。,(4)如果从句谓语动作表示一个持续性的状态, 通常用while。 *While he was eating, I asked him to lend me $2. 当他正在吃饭时, 我请他借给我两美元。,【名师点津】while的特殊用法 用作并列连词, 表示“然而”。 引导让步状语从句, 表示“尽管”。 *You like tennis, while Id rather read. 你爱打网球, 然而我爱看书。 *While he was not poor, he had no ready cash. 他虽然不穷
8、, 却无现金。,(5)as引导时间状语从句时, 常表示两个动作同时发生, 常译作“一边一边”, 此外还有“随着”之意。 *(2016天津高考)As the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for. 随着人口的平均年龄的增长, 越来越多的老年人需要照顾。,2. before的用法。 (1)表示“在之后才”。强调从句动作发生得晚或慢。 (2)表示“还没来得及就”。强调从句动作发生之前, 主句动作已经发生。 (3)表示“在之前就”。强调主从句的两个动作按时间先后依次
9、发生。,(4)表示“没等就”, 或“趁还没就”。 (5)用于句型“It+will/would be+时间段+before. . . ”句型中, 表示“要过多久才”。其否定形式“It will/would not be+时间段+before. . . ”表示“不久就, 过不了多久就”。,*Tom nicked in ahead of us before we arrived at the station. 在我们到达车站之前, 汤姆抄近路赶到了我们的前头。 *It will be some time before we know the full results. 还要过一些时间我们才能知道全部
10、结果。,3. since/ever since的用法。 表示“自从以来”, 从句常用过去时, 主句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。也可用于句型: It is/has been+时间段+since从句(过去时)。 *Since I left college, I have not seen him. 自从我离开大学, 我就没有见过他了。,*Man has played the power game ever since he appeared on the earth. 人类自从在地球上出现以后就开始玩权力游戏。 *It is ten years since she left home. 自从她离
11、家以来已经十年了。,4. till, until的用法。 (1)till和until均表示“直到, 到为止”。until/till引导时间状语从句时, 若主句谓语动词为延续性动词, 主句通常为肯定句;主句谓语动词为非延续性动词时, 主句通常为否定句。,*They talked on and on until/till four oclock in the morning. 他们一直谈到凌晨四点。,*The traffic laws didnt take effect until/till the end of last year. 交通法直到去年年底才生效。 (2)not until. . .
12、 放在句首时, 主句要部分倒装。 *Not until recently did I know what he had done. 直到最近我才知道他所做的事。,5. 名词短语也可引导时间状语从句, 如every time, each time, the first time, the moment, the minute等。 *The camera just came apart the first time he used it. 这相机在他第一次使用时就破了。 *I found myself in an entirely new world the moment/instant/minu
13、te I arrived in Beijing. 我一到北京就有耳目一新的感觉。,【即学活用】根据语境, 填入恰当的连接词。 _ he was a child, he lived in thecountryside. It wont be long _ he finishes his writing. _he had finished his work, he left there.,While/When/As,before,After,It is/has been two years _he came here. He will not go to bed _his mother comes
14、. _I catch a cold, I have pain in my back. There was an applause _ _she appeared on the stage. _he was ten, he had already learned about 200 English words.,since,until/till,Every time/Each time/When,as soon as/the moment/,minute/instant,By the time,二、过去完成时 1. 过去完成时的常见用法。 (1)用来表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的动作,
15、 简称为“过去的过去”。句中常有by, by the end of, before, when, until, by the time等引导的时间状语从句。,*After they had become stars in their own country, the Beatles toured the United States. 在他们自己的国家成为巨星之后, 甲壳虫乐队在美国进行了巡演。 *By the end of that year, Henry had collected more than a thousand foreign stamps. 到那年年底, 亨利已收集了1 000
16、多枚外国邮票。,*When we got there, the basketball match had already started. 我们到那里时, 篮球赛已经开始了。 (2)表示从过去某一时间开始, 一直延续到过去另一时间的动作, 常与since, for连用。 *I had been at the bus stop for 30 minutes when a bus finally came. 当公共汽车最终到来的时候, 我已在车站等了30分钟。,(3)表示过去未曾完成的“心愿、打算、计划、想法、许诺”等时, 如hope, mean, plan, want, promise, int
17、end, think等, 常用过去完成时。 *I had intended to make a cake, but I ran out of time. 我原想做个蛋糕, 但没有时间。 *My father had hoped that I would be a lawyer. 我父亲原本希望我当一位律师。,(4)在非真实条件句中表示与过去事实相反的假设时, 从句谓语动词用过去完成时。 *If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听了我的劝告的话, 他就不会犯这样的错误了。,【名师点津】过去完成时的
18、常见句型 (1)在It was the+序数词+time(that). . . 句型中, 谓语动词用过去完成时。 It was the first time she had seen him in person. 这是她第一次见到他本人。,(2)用于固定句式hardly. . . when. . . (从句), no sooner. . . than. . . (从句)(一就)中的主句。 *We had no sooner reached the station than the train was off. 我们刚到车站火车就离开了。 *The performance had hardly
19、begun when the lights went out. 节目刚开始灯就灭了。,2. 过去完成时与一般过去时的区别。 (1)时间状语不同: 过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”;而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。 *They had arrived home by ten yesterday. 他们昨天10点前已经到家了。(“到家”发生在10点之前) *They arrived home at ten yesterday. 他们昨天10点到家。(“到家”发生在具体时间10点),(2)表示连续的动作常用and, but, then等连接(动作发生的先后顺序有时可由动词的词汇意义来表示)
20、, 这一动作通常用一般过去时, 而不用过去完成时。 *He entered the room, turned on the light and began to do his homework. 他进入房间, 打开灯, 开始做作业。,(3)在before, after, as soon as引导的从句中, 由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后, 因此可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。 *I took my temperature just before I left home. 我离开家之前量了体温。,【即学活用】用动词的适当形式完成句子。 My teacher _(teach)in that
21、school for tenyears before she came here. I _(hope)to go to Hawaii, but I didnt signup for the tour in time. She stared at the painting, wondering where she_ _(see)it.,had taught,had hoped,had,seen,(2016浙江高考)Silk _(become)one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. By the mi
22、ddle of last month we _(live)inBeijing for five years. I went to Toms house but he _(go)out. Anne told me that her father _(go)to Parisand he would come back in a few days.,had become,had lived,had gone,had gone,【随堂训练】 . 用适当的连词填空 1. Yesterday someone rang me up at midnight but hehung up_I could answ
23、er the phone.,before,2. _life pace continues to speed up, we are quicklylosing the art of enjoyment. 【补偿训练】 Im green at everything. Dont worry. _you get older, youll get moreexperience.,As,As,3. People do not know the value of freedom_they have lost it. 【补偿训练】 Dont stop_you have done all the exercis
24、es. 4. Hardly had the rescuers sat down for a rest _thedoor bell rang.,until,until,when,5. He made a mistake, but then he corrected it_ the situation got worse. 6. We were about to get there _it began to rain. 【补偿训练】 The peasants were busy getting the crops in_itbegan to rain.,before,when,when,7. It
25、 took me a long time _I was able to fullyappreciate what they had done for me. 8. Please dont talk so loud _people areworking.,before,when/while,. 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. I was _(have)supper when someone knocked atthe door. 2. As time_(go)on, she noticed changes in her son. 3. No sooner_we_(arrive)at the rai
26、lwaystation than the train left. 4. I was very happy to see Jane again yesterday.We _(not see)each other for six years.,having,went,had,arrived,hadnt seen,5. The moment I opened my eyes, I found that the day_(break) and heard the birds singing in thetrees. 6. When the earthquake _(happen)moststudent
27、s _(have)class in the classroom. 7. While they _(chat)on the Net, theysuddenly felt the house shaking and started to rush out.,had broken,happened,were having,were chatting,8. John, a friend of mine, had to be taken to thehospital because he _(hurt)seriously inthe traffic accident. 9. I _(plan)to bu
28、y a video camera, but I was$100 short. 10. It was the first time that I _(be)to Shanghai.,had been hurt,had planned,had been,根据句意和提示词完成句子 1. 当火灾发生时, 所有的学生正在熟睡。(when) _, all the students were sleepingsoundly. 2. 爸爸正在准备一个报告, 而我在玩计算机游戏。(while) My father was preparing a report _ computer games.,When the
29、 fire broke out,while I was playing,3. 随着你长大, 你会更好地了解自己。(as) _, you will know better about yourself. 4. 我刚要离家, 这时电话响了。(when) I was about to leave my house _. 5. 一旦你记住, 你就不会忘记。(once) _, you will never forget it.,As you grow older,when the phone rang,Once you remember it,6. 我们原希望赶上7: 00的火车, 却发现那趟车已开走 了。(hope) _catch the 7: 00 train, but found it gone.7. 我们刚坐下, 车就开动了。(hardly) _when the bus started. 8. 布莱克3年前离开了北京。(leave) Black _3 years ago.,We had hoped to,Hardly had we been seated,left Beijing,
