1、12http:/ financial institutions费改税Transform administrative fees into taxesgovernment and illegal arbitrage融资渠道 Financing channels商业信贷原则The principles for commercial credit社会保险机构 Social security institution失业保险金Unemployment insurance benefits偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税Tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal pay taxes外汇收支
2、Foreign exchange revenue and spending 国民经济、对外经济贸易 NATIONAL ECONOMY, FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS AND TRADE 20 年基本实现现代化 basically achieve modernization in 20 years 八五划划 the 8th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development 百分点 percentage points 保持发展后劲 bring about a sustainable development
3、; sustain momentum of development 保持双边贸易的平衡 balance the two-way trade 保税区 bonded area; free trade area 标书 bidding document 财政, 税收, 信贷，利率, 汇率 public financing, taxation, credit, interest rate, exchange rate 财政赤字(盈余 ) budget deficit(surplus) 财政收入 state revenue 菜篮子工程 shipping basket project 产业政策 indust
4、rial policy 出资方式 means of contributing investment 创汇型企业 foreign exchange-earning enterprise 粗放/集约经营 extensive/intensive operation 存款/贷款余额 the balance of deposits/loans 导致价格持续增长的一个重要因素在于物价的逐步放开及价格结构调整。 An important factor (contributing to/resulting in) substantial price hikes lies in the gradual lift
5、ing of prices control and the structural adjustment of prices. 第一、二、三产业 primary, secondary and tertiary industries 发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用 serve as a medium for introducing advanced technologies, managerial expertise and qualified professionals from outside. 3风险投资 venture investment/capital 高附加值的深加工 down
6、-stream processing with high added-value 格局初步形成 Pattern has taken initial shape. 工农业总产值 gross output value of industry and agriculture 公开招标 call for bid; tenders 供不应求 short supply 供大于求 oversupply 购买力平价法 purchasing power parity 固定资产投资 investment in fixed assets 关系民生的产品 products vital to the peoples l
7、ivelihood 规范价格秩序 standardize the price order 国产化 percentage of home-made parts 国家统配物资 materials allocated by state 国家指令性计划 state mandatory planning 国民经济的支柱 mainstay of the national economy 国民生产总值 GNP (Gross Domestic Product) 国民收入 national income 国内配套资金 domestic funds 国内生产总值 GDP (Gross Domestic Produ
8、ct) 合营期限 contract term of a joint venture 合作方式 approaches to cooperation 宏观调控 macro-economic control 火炬计划 Torch Plan 货币发放 the issue of currency 积极引进外来资金、技术、人才和管理经验 actively introduce capital, technology, competent professionals and managerial expertise form outside 基础地位 leading position 基础设施 infrast
9、ructure 计划经济 planned economy 技术、智力、资本密集型 technology, knowledge or capital intensive 技术入股 technology appraised as capital stock 技术转让 technology transfer 加大改革力度 intensify reforms 减免税收 tax reduction and exemption 简化流通环节，增加随机检查 simplify circulation and add more random checks 建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政“三个机制“ esta
10、blish operational mechanisms of market economy, rule by law, democratic supervision and incorruptible government 降低过热的期货市场，恢复金融秩序 cool down the over-heated future market and restore financial order 交钥匙工程 turn-key project 紧缩银根 tighten the money supply 经济杠杆 economic levers 经济过热 overheated economy 4经济实
11、力 economic capabilities 经济指标 economic indicators 竟标 competitive bidding 开标 bid opening 看好经济增长 think highly of economic growth 科研成果产业化 industrialization of research findings 可行性研究 feasibility study 库存积压 overstocked products 跨国公司 transnational coorporation 劳动密集型 labor intensive 理顺企业的产权关系 rationalize t
12、he property rights relationships of enterprises 良性循环 positive cycle 龙头 pacemaker; leading role 贸易伙伴 trade partner 贸易顺差 trade surplus 门类齐全 covering extensive fields 内联企业 inland associated enterprises 拍卖 auction 配套措施 supporting measures 配套改革 coordinated reforms 配套工程 auxiliary project 批量生产 mass product
13、ion 片面追求发展速度 seek an unduly high growth rate 平等互利，互通有无 equality and mutual benefit, and trading of needed goods 评标 bid proposal evaluation 瓶颈 bottleneck 企业“工效挂钩 ” link total payroll with the performance of an enterprise 人均国内生产总值 GDP per capita 三角债 chain debts 三来一补 (来料加工,来件装配,来样加工) processing and com
14、pensation trades(processing with materials or given samples, assembling supplied components) 三通一平（水通、电通、路通、施工场地平） three connections and one leveling assuring that a construction site is connected to water and electric power supplies and roads, and that the ground is leveled before a project is begun
15、. 三资企业(中外合资合作、外商独资经营) three kinds of enterprises with foreign investment: sino-foreign joint venture, contractual joint venture 上不封顶，下不保底 set no ceiling limit and give no minimum guarantee 社会零售物价总指数 general retail price index 社会商品零售总额 total volume of retail sales 社会效益 social effect/returns 社会总产值 tot
16、al product of society 升级换代 upgrading and updating 生产力 productive forces 生产资料 capital goods 5生意兴隆/冷淡 Business is booming/sluggish 实际利用外资 foreign investment in actual use 实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质“三个优化“ optimize industrial structure, ecological environment and the quality of population 实现持续、稳定、协调的发展 bring abou
17、t sustained, stable and coordinated development 实行全方位开放 practice multi-directional opening 市场调节 market regulation 市场机制开始发挥调节作用。 The market mechanisms are beginning to play their regulatory role. 市场经济 market economy 市场疲软 a market slump 随行就市 fluctuate in line with market conditions 提高经济效益 enhance econ
18、omic performance/returns 同国际惯例接轨 follow the international codes of practice; bring in line with the international usage 统而不死，活而不乱 ensure a flexible control 统购统销 state monopoly over purchase and marketing 统一定价 unified price setting 统一政策、放开经营、平等竞争、 unified policy, liberalized operation, and equal comp
19、etition 投标 bid for a project 投标报价书 bid proposals 投资环境 investment environment 外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves 外贸出口总额 gross foreign export value 外贸顺差 foreign trade surplus 外商直接投资协议金额 contracted foreign direct investment 外向型经济 export-oriented economy 外引内联 act as an intermediary for introducing foreign c
20、apital and establishing domestic connections 完善的市场和发达的金融体制 well-established market and sophisticated financial system 我们两市的经济互补性很强。 To a great extent, the economies between out two cities are complementary to each other. 下放审批权 delegate the authority to examine and approve to lower levels 向基础工业倾斜的政策
21、policy in favor of basic industry 消灭失业 wipe out unemployment 行情看好 Favorable price/market can be expected. 行情看涨/跌 anticipate lower market price/rising price 一条龙服务 one package service 一位数水平 one digit level 一支笔审批 one-chop approval 以工养农 use industrial income to finance agriculture 6以路养路 use tolls to rep
22、ay investment in road projects 以销定产 limit production to market ability 抑制炒房地产热 stem frenzied and speculative trading in the property market 意向书 letter of intent 优化资源配置 optimize allocation of resources 优惠条件 confessional terms; favorable terms 由于该暗补为明补，粮食购销同价。 Grains are purchased and sold by the same
23、 price because covered allowances are turned into open allowance. 允许外商独资经营 allow full foreign equity operation 在过渡时期 in a period of transition 招标承包制 bidding invitation contract system 招标出售技术 bids for technology 招标单 invitation for bid (IFB) 招商 attract investment 招商项目 project proposals for investment
24、折旧费 depreciation cost 这次会议为两国进一步加强持续的经济联系奠定了坚实的基础。 This meeting laid a sound foundation for the two countries to forge enduring/lasting and constant/continuous economic ties. 政策性亏损 policy-related loss 知识产权 intellectual property rights 指导性计划 guidance plan 指令性计划 mandatory plan 质量信得过单位 quality trustwor
25、thy organization 中标 win a bid; be awarded a tender 抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技“三个基础“ stress priorities over agriculture, transportation and energy supply, education and science and technology 转口贸易 transit trade 自负盈亏、工贸结合、推行代理制 responsibility for ones own profits and losses, the integration of industry and foreig
26、n trade, and the promotion of agent system 租赁 leasing A.AA 制 Dutch treatment; go Dutch艾滋病(获得性免疫缺损综合征) AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)爱丽舍宫 Elyse Palace安居工程 Housing Project for low-income families按成本要素计算的国民经济总值 GNP at factor cost按揭贷款 mortgage loan按劳分配 distribution according to ones performa
27、nce暗恋 unrequited love; fall in love with someone secretly暗亏 hidden loss澳门大三巴牌坊 Ruins of St. Paul奥姆真理教 Japanese Aum Doomsday Cult7B.巴黎证券交易所 Paris Bourse把握大局 grasp the overall situation白马王子 Prince Charming白色行情表 white sheet白色农业 white agriculture (also called “white engineering agriculture“; It refers t
28、o microbiological agriculture and biological cell agriculture.)白手起家 starting from scratch白条 IOU note, IOU:债款、债务，由 I owe you 的读音缩略转义而来白雪公主 Snow White摆架子 put on airs摆谱儿 put on airs; show off; keep up appearances拜把兄弟 sworn brothers拜年 pay New Year call搬迁户 relocated families半拉子工程 uncompleted project棒球运动记
29、者 scribe傍大款 (of a girl) find a sugar daddy; be a mistress for a rich man; lean on a moneybags包干到户 work contracted to households包干制 overall rationing system; scheme of payment partly in kind and partly in cash包工包料 contract for labor and materials保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the
30、 national economy保持国有股 keep the State-held shares保健食品 health-care food保理业务 factoring business保护性关税 protective tariffs保税区 the low-tax, tariff-free zone; bonded area保证重点支出 ensure funding for priority areas保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings报国计划的实施 implementation of Dedicators Project北欧投资银行 Nordic Invest
31、ment Bank本本主义 bookishness本草纲目 Compendium of Materia Medica本垒打 circuit clout, four-master, round trip本命年 ones year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches奔小康 strive for a relatively comfortable life笨鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make an early start.蹦极 bungee, bungee jumping避免“ 大而全“
32、 的重复建设 avoid duplicate (duplicated, overlapping) construction of “small and all inclusive projects“逼上梁山 be driven to drastic alternatives比较经济学 comparative economics8比上不足，比下有余 worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst闭门羹 given cold-shoulder边际报酬
33、 marginal return边缘科学 boundary science变相涨价 disguised inflation便携式电脑 portable computer; laptop; notebook computer标书 bidding documents表演赛 demonstration match剥夺冠军 strip the gold medal of somebody博彩（业）lottery industry博士生 Ph.D candidate补缺选举 by-election补贴与反补贴措施 subsidies and countervailing measures布达拉宫 Pot
34、ala Palace布雷顿森林体系 Bretton Woods system不败记录 clean record, spotless record不承诺放弃使用武器 not undertake to renounce the use of force不打不成交 No discord, no concord.不到长城非好汉 He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.不分上下的总统选举结果 the neck-and-neck presidential election result不见不散 Be there or be squ
35、are.不可再生资源 non-renewable resources不良贷款 non-performing loan不夜城 sleepless city, ever-bright city不正之风 bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency不准打白条 No illegitimate promissory notes (IOUs)步行天桥 foot bridgeC.擦边球 edge ball, touch ball擦网球 net ball采取高姿态 show magnanimity采取市场多元化战略 adopt the strategy of a mul
36、ti-outlet market“菜篮子“ 工程 the “shopping basket project (program)参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs沧海桑田 Seas change into mulberry fields and mulberry fields change into seas-time brings great changes to the world.What was once the sea has now changed into mulberry fields-the world is
37、 changing all the time.仓储式超市 stockroom-style supermarket草根工业 grass root industry (refers to village and township enterprises which take root among farmers and grow like wold grass)层层转包和违法分保 multi-level contracting and illegal sub-contracting差额投票 differential voting9差额选举 competitive election茶道 sado查房
38、 make/go the rounds of the wards拆东墙补西墙 rob Peter to pay Paul拆迁户 households or units relocated due to building demolition搀水股票 water-down stocks (ordinary stocks that can be bought by persons inside a stock company or a business at a cost lower that their face value)禅 dhyana产粮大省 granary province产量比 19
39、97 年增加了 2 倍 the output has increased 3 times (registered a 3-fold increase; increased 200%)compared with 1997产品结构 product mix产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、科学管理 clearly established ownership, well defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from administration, and scientific management产权制度、产权关系 prop
40、erty relations; property order产销直接挂钩 directly link production with marketing产业的升级换代 upgrading of industies产业结构升级 upgrading of an industrial structure长二捆 LM-2E长江三角洲 Yangtze River delta长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共 long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, sincere treatment with each other and the sharing of w
41、eal or woe长线产品 product in excessive supply厂长经理负责制 the factory director (manager) responsibility system畅通工程 “Smooth Traffic Project“畅销产品 marketable products; products with good market ;commodities in short supply ; goods in great demand.唱高调 mouth high-sounding words超高速巨型计算机 giant ultra-high-speed com
42、puter超前消费 overconsuming, excessive consumption彻头彻尾的反动政治势力 an out and out reactionary political force城市规划 citys landscaping plan; urban planning城市中年雅皮士 muppie （一批中年专业人士，附庸风雅，矫揉造作cutesification，崇尚精品至上 boutiqueification，攀比银行存款 bankification 等摆阔作风，由 middle-aged urban yuppie 缩合而成）城乡信用社 credit corroborati
43、ve in both urban and rural areas吃大锅饭 egalitarian practice of “everybody eating from the same big pot“吃皇粮 receive salaries, subsidies, or other supported from the government重复建设 building redundant project; duplication of similar projects抽杀成功 hit through筹备委员会 preparatory committee出风头 show off; in the
44、limelight出口创汇能力 capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports10出口加工区 export processing zones出口退税制度 the system of refunding taxes on exported goods; export (tax) rebate出口退税 refunding export taxes出口转内销 domestic sales of commodities orginally produced for exports出家 pravrajana; cloister传销 multi leve
45、l marketing窗口行业 various service trades创建卫生城市：build a nationally advanced clean city创汇产品 foreign exchange (hard-currency) earning experts创业园 high-tech business incubator; pioneer park吹风会 (advanced) briefing春蕾计划 Spring Buds Program春运 (passenger) transport during the Spring Festival春秋 Spring and Autumn
46、 Annals磁悬浮列车 Maglev train (magnetically levitated train), magnetic suspension train刺激内需 stimulate domestic demand辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new此地无银三百两 A guilty person gives himself away by consciously protesting his innocence.从粗放经济转变为集约经济
47、 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy粗放式管理 extensive management促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy促进富余人员合理流动 promote a rational flow of surplus personnel促进住房商品化 promote the commercialization of housing 存款保证金 guaranty money for deposits D.达到或接近国际先进水平 reach or approach ad
48、vanced international standards打破地区封锁和行业垄断 break regional blockades and trade monopolies“达标 “活动 “target hitting“ activities打白条 issue IOU打黑 crack down on speculation and profiteering打假 crack down on counterfeit goods打破僵局 break the deadlock打顺手 find ones touch, get into gear, settle into a groove大包干 all
49、-round responsibility system; lump-sum appropriations operation大轰动 blockbuster大力扣杀 hammer大路货 staple goods大满贯 grand slam大开眼界 open ones eyes; broaden ones horizon; be an eye-opener大款 tycoon大排挡 sidewalk snack booth; large stall大事化小，小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to 11reduce it to nothing at all大胜 white wash大腕 top notch大卫教 Branch Davidian大型电视系列片,长篇电视连续剧 maxi-series大学生创业 university students innovative undertaking大要案 major and serious criminal cases大专生 junior college student大专文凭 ass
