1、Unit 4,The Nightingale and the Rose,Background Information,Fairy tales What is it? Hans Andersen & Grimm Brothers Features Oscar OWilde Arts for arts sake,Fairy Tales,What is your favourite fairy tale?,What is it?,Witches and Queens giants and elves (精灵) princes and princesses talking animals,What i
2、s it?,Marvelous and magical things happen: a boy may become a bird a princess may sleep for a hundred years,What is it?,Always same ending and similar theme: truth prevails over deception generosity is ultimately rewarded hard work overcomes obstacles love, mercy and kindness are the greatest powers
3、 of all,Hans Christian Andersen,“The King of Tales”The Little Mermaid The Emperors New Clothes The Ugly Duckling The Princess and The Pea,Grimm Brothers,CinderellaSleeping BeautyThe Frog KingThe Fisherman & His WifeSnow WhiteLittle Red-Cap,Features of fairy tales,frequent use of personification symb
4、olic meaning given to words vivid, simple narration repetitive pattern used,Oscar OWilde,(1854-1900),Oscar OWilde,Irish-born novelist, playwright, poet, and critic Known for witty, often paradoxical, sayings that lampoon the social modes and behavior of the English upper classes of his time Champion
5、ing the aesthetic movement, which is based on the idea of art for arts sake,Oscar OWilde,“As a youngster he was exposed to the brilliant literary talk of the day at his mothers Dublin salon.” “As an aesthete, the eccentric young Wilde wore long hair and velvet knee breeches （天鹅绒及膝马裤）. His rooms were
6、 filled with various objects such as sunflowers, peacock feathers, and blue china; Wilde claimed to aspire to the perfection of the china.”,Oscar OWilde,Only novel: The Picture of Dorian Gray (1891) Four most distinctive and engaging comedies: Lady Windermeres Fan (1892) A Woman of No Importance (18
7、93) An Ideal Husband (1895) The Importance of Being Earnest (1895),Quotes from Wilde,Men become old, but they never become good. Lady Windermeres Fan. A man who moralizes is usually a hypocrite, and a woman who moralizes is invariably plain. Lady Windermeres Fan. Rich bachelors should be heavily tax
8、ed. It is not fair that some men should be happier than others. In Conversation. Men are horribly tedious when they are good husbands, and abominably conceited when they are not. A Woman of No Importance.,Quotes from Wilde,A bad man is the sort of man who admires innocence, and a bad woman is the so
9、rt of woman a man never gets tired of. A Woman of No Importance.Women are meant to be loved, not to be understood. The Sphinx Without a Secret. The more one analyses people, the more all reasons for analysis disappear. Sooner or later one comes to that dreadful universal thing called human nature. T
10、he Decay of Lying.,Quotes from Wilde,We are each our own devil, and we make this world our hell. The Duchess of Padua. The world is a stage, but the play is badly cast. Lord Arthur Saviles Crime. To love oneself is the beginning of a life-long romance. Phrases and Philosophies for the Use of the You
11、ng. Young men want to be faithful and are not; old men want to be faithless and cannot. The Picture of Dorian Gray.,Art for Arts Sake,Art for Arts Sake,should not paint or write for financial, political or religious reasons. “ Ah, I have read all that the wise men have written my life is made wretch
12、ed.” (para.3) “ She has form. That cannot be denied. But has she got feeling? Im afraid not. In fact, like most artists, she is all style without any sincerity.” (para.34),Art for Arts Sake,“Art for arts sake,” said Somerset Maugham , “makes no more sense than gin for gins sake.” The artists works,
13、being part of his human activities, must be guided by his sense of moral responsibility, by what he conceives to be true, good and beautiful.,Word Study,1. wretched 2. for want of 3. ball 4. fling 5. flutter 6. something of 7. soar 8. plot,9. bloom/blossom 10. chill/chilly 11. stain 12. film 13. lin
14、ger 14. go with 15. dance to the sound of 16. delicate,1. wretched adj. 1)very unhappy or ill The wretched man has lost all his money. （不幸的男人） a wretched cripple （可怜的跛子） feel wretched after illness （病后感到苦恼） 2) (only before noun) making you feel annoyed or angry a wretched headache 剧烈的头痛 What wretche
15、d weather! 多么讨厌的天气！,2. for want of: for the lack of For want of a better word, lets call it Me-firstism. (As I cant think of a better word, lets call it me-firstism.)For want of something better to do she decided to try gardening. (As she could not find anything more interesting to do, she decided t
16、o try gardening.),3. ball n. a large formal occasion at which people dancegive a ball/attend a ball/danced all night at the ball have a ball: (informal) to have a very good timeWe had a ball at the party last night.Have a ball on your trip.These are films to have a ball with.,4. fling 1) to throw so
17、mething quickly with a lot of force: fling sth. at/into/on She flung her shoe at the cat. He flung his book on the table. 2) fling oneself into: to begin to do something using a lot of effort. The little boy flung himself into his mothers arms. She flung herself down on the sofa.,After the divorce h
18、e flung himself into his work and tried to forget her.3) fling a door/window etc. open: to quickly and suddenly open a door, window etc.We flung open all the windows.,5. flutter 1) if a bird or insect flutters its wings or if its wings flutter, its wings move quickly and lightly up and down. Little
19、sparrows fluttered among the branches. 小麻雀在枝条间飞来飞去。 Butterflies fluttered from flower to flower. 2) To wave or move gently in the air: Dead leaves fluttered slowly to the ground. The telegram fluttered from his finger to the floor.,3) If your heart or your stomach flutters, you feel very excited or
20、nervous.His heart fluttered with fear. 他因害怕而心跳得厉害。The dying mans pulse fluttered feebly. 垂死者的脉搏微弱地跳动着。,6. something of: in some sense to be, but not fully deserving the nameHe is something of an economist among us because his grandfather used to own a little store.She is something of a dentist in ou
21、r village although the method she uses os quite crude.,7. cynic: someone who is not willing to believe that people have good, honest, or sincere reasons for doing something, who believes that everybody is motivated by selfishnessEven the most hardened cynic must agree that charity does some good.,cy
22、nical: adj. +about unwilling to believe that people have good, honest, or sincere reasons for doing somethingHe was getting harder and more cynical about life. 他变得更加冷酷和愤世嫉俗。The enormous difficulties make him cynical about the feasibility of the idea. 由于困难很大，他对这个主意是否可行持怀疑态度。,8 soar: 1) to fly, especi
23、ally very high up in the skyan eagle soaring into the sky 搏击长空的鹰soar over the ocean 在大海上空翱翔The second missile soared into space. 第二枚导弹升入太空。 2) (amounts, prices etc.) to increase quickly to a high levelThe birthrate continues to soar. 出生率继续剧增。The figures for unemployment have soared above the 1 milli
24、on mark. 失业人数已猛增到100万以上。,soaring: adj. a soaring skyscraper 高耸入云的摩天大楼soaring prices 飞涨的物价9 plot:1) a small piece of landa vegetable plot蔬菜地/a cemetery plot墓地/a plot of barley 一块大麦地,2) the set of connected events that a story, film etc is based on:The plot of “Twin Peaks” was so complicated that I co
25、uldnt follow it.3) a secret plan, involving several people, to do something harmful or illegal: +toa plot against the government/ a plot to assassinate the Presidenthatch a plot: start making a plan,9 bloom1)n. a flower or flowersthe bloom of a cherry tree/green leaves with red blooms 绿叶红花in (full)
26、bloom: with the flowers fully openThe roses are in blooms.the bloom of youth: (literary) the best or happiest time when you are youngin the bloom of youth 在青春焕发时期,2) v. That bush will bloom soon.The friendship between them bloomed when they found out how many interests they shared.cf. blossom: usual
27、ly refer to the flower on fruit trees or busha blossoming apple treeThis tree had an excellent blossom this year.,10. chillv. if you chill something such as food or drink or if it chills, it becomes very cold but does not freezeChill the champagne in a bucket of ice.Serve the melon chilled.Nothing c
28、ould chill his love for her.Enthusiasm chilled with the news.消息传来，热情顿时低落下来。,n. a feeling of coldness; a feeling of fear caused by something that is very unpleasant or cruelTheres a real chill in the air.The bad news put a chill into us all.adj. unpleasantly colda chill wind一股冷风chilling: a chilling w
29、ind/ a chilling tale恐怖故事/ a chilling reply冷冰冰的答复,chilly: 1) cold enough to make you feel uncomfortableThe winds a bit chilly.2) unfriendlythe speech met with a chilly reception.,11. stainv. 1) to accidentally make a mark on something, especially one that cannot be removed, or to be marked in this wa
30、y: +withHis shirt was stained with blood.Cigarettes stained the fingers. 2) to change the color of something, especially something made of wood, by using a special chemical or dyeThe wooden chair has been stained brown. 这把木椅子已涂成了棕色。,3)stain sbs name/honour/reputation etc: (literary) to damage the go
31、od opinion that people have about someoneHis name was stained with acts of cruelty. 他的残忍行为破坏了他的名声。n. blood/ink/wine staina stain on sbs character/reputation etc.,12 film: a very thin layer of something that appears on the surface of something elsea film of oil on the surface of the water13. linger1)
32、to stay somewhere a little longer, especially because you do not want to leave:+over/on etcThey lingered over coffee and missed the last bus.The children lingered at the zoo until closing time.,2) (also linger on) to be slow to disappearWinter lingered. 冬季迟迟不去。The tradition lingered. 传统历久犹存。The pain
33、 lingered on for weeks. 疼痛持续了好几个星期。3) (also linger on) to be dying slowly so that you stay alive for a long time although you are extremely weakThe old man lingered several months after his stroke. 那老人中风后拖了几个月才去世。,14 go with: to match, to be harmonious withThis furniture does not go with the color o
34、f these walls.15. dance to the sound of: dance according to the sound of The snake would then dance to the music.The soldiers marched through the square to the drumbeat.,16. delicate:1)(taste, smell, color) pleasant and not strong:a delicate flavour鲜味/a delicate fragrance幽香Paint the walls a delicate blue.把墙漆成浅蓝色。2) made skillfully and with attention to the smallest details.delicate lace精致的花边/a delicate piece of carving一件精致的雕刻品,
