1、Period 4: Grammar学习目标：1. 掌握非限制性定语从句和定语从句的缩略形式2. 体会非限制性定语从句和定语从句的区别3. 利用例句归纳出语法规则学习重点：掌握非限制性定语从句和定语从句的缩略形式学习难点：利用例句归纳出语法规则课前预习使用说明与学法指导：1. 利用例句归纳出语法规则2. 15 分钟之内完成预习自测：观察下列从 Reading and Vocabulary 中选取的句子，体会非限制性定语从句的用法。The power of the Yangtze River，which is the worlds third longest river，has been harn
2、essed by the Three Gorges Dam.The Three Gorges Dam，which is the biggest construction project in China since the building of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal，has been built to control flooding and provide hydroelectric power for the central region of China.Sun Yatsen，who was the leader of the 1911
3、Revolution，first suggested the idea of a dam across the Yangtze River in 1919.与限制性定语从句相比，非限制性定语从句是指与主句关系不十分密切，只对主句中的先行词作 作用的定语从句。其标志是主句和从句之间用 隔开。我的疑问：_课内探究质疑探究：非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句用来对先行词作补充说明。没有它，主句也能独立存在；非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不密切，它与先行词之间常用逗号隔开。1. 非限制性定语从句的引导词类别 引导词 修饰的先行词 在从句中所作成分关系代词who 人 主语、宾语whom 人 宾语which
4、事/物或整个主句 主语、宾语whose 人或物 定语as 整个主句 主语、宾语关系副词when 表示时间的名词 时间状语where 表示地点的名词 地点状语Then he met Mary，who invited him to a party.然后他遇见了玛丽，玛丽邀请他去参加晚会。Once more I am in Beijing，where I have not been for ten years.我又来到了北京，我已有十年没有到这里来了。He was too careless，which resulted in his failure in the exam.他 太粗心了，因此考试没及
5、格。We will put off the outing until next week when we wont be so busy.我们把郊游推迟到下个星期，那时我们不会这么忙了。【提示】 that 和 why 不引导非限制性定语从句。2限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别名称 意义 结构要求 引导词 先行词 译法限制性定语从句起限定作用，不可省去，否则主句不完整紧跟在先行词之后，同先行词之间没有逗号所有关系代词和关系副词名词、代词或名词性短语一般译为定语非限制性定语从句起补充说明的作用，省去后，不影响句子的意思用逗号将之与先行词隔开关系代词which，who(m)，as；关系副词wh
6、en，where名词、代词、名词性短语或整个主句一般译为并列分句The children who wanted to play football were disappointed when it rained.想踢足球的那些孩子因为下雨而感到失望。The children，who wanted to play football，were disappointed when it rained.那些孩子想踢足球，但因为下雨他们感到失望。as 和 which 引导非限制性定语从句的区别(1)相同点：as 和 which 都可在定语从句中作主语或宾语，先行词是整个的句子。He won first
7、place in the contest，as/which gave us a surprise.他在比赛中获得第一名，这使 我们大吃一惊。(2)不同点：引导的定语从句的位置不同：as 引导的定语从句可位于主句之前、之中、之后，而 which引导的定语从句只位于主句之后。As is known to all，Li Na won the champion in French Open.众所周知，李娜赢得法网冠军。Mr. Green comes from Canada，as we can know from his accent.格林先生来自加拿大，这从他的口音上我们就能辨别出来。Li Ning，
8、as we know，is now a famous businessman.李宁，我们都知道，现在是一个著名的商人。The boy was admitted to Peking University，which made his parents proud.这个男孩被北京大学录取了 ，这使他的父母非常自豪。含义不同：as 常翻译成“正如，正像” ，而 which 常翻译成“这一点/这件事” 。As is reported on TV，a civil war broke out in that African country.正如电视上所报道的，那个非洲国家发生了一场内战。He always
9、plays computer games on weekends，which makes h is mother angry.他总是在周末玩电子游戏，这一点让他母亲很生气。as 构成的固定搭配有：as is known to all(众所周知)；as is often the case(这是常有的事)；as was expected(不出所料)；as often happens(正如经常发生的那样)；as has been said before(如上所述)；as is mentioned above(正如上面所提到的)等。As is known to all，smoking is harmf
10、ul to ones health.众所周知，吸烟有害健康。当先行词受 such/the same 修饰时，关系词常用 as。Rose wore the same dress as her younger sister wore yesterday.罗斯穿着跟她妹妹昨天穿的一样的衣服。定语从句的简化如果含有定语从句的复合句很复杂，为了表意清晰，可以把定语从句进行简化。(1)关系代词的省略关系代词 who，whom，that，which 在限制性定语从句中作宾语时，可以省略。The man (that/who/whom) I met on the street is my old friend.
11、我在街上遇见的那个人是我的老朋友。【提示】 关系代词作介词的宾语时，介词位于句尾时，关系代词可以省略，但关系代词紧跟在介词后面作宾语时，不能省略。This is the girl (whom) he worked with./This is the girl with whom he worked.这是曾与他 一起工作过的女孩。(2)将定语从句变为非谓语动词定语从句转换成不定式短语He is a good comrade with whom you can work.He is a good comrade to work with.定语从句转换成现在分词短语The people who ar
12、e living in the village have moved to other places.The people living in the village have moved to other places.定语从句转换成过去分词短语I have heard the report which was made by Professor Wang.I have heard the report made by Professor Wang.当堂检测单项填空1(2013天津高考)We have launched another manmade satellite， is announ
13、ced in todays newspaper.Athat Bwhich Cwho Dwhat2(2013安徽高考)Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012， made one of the Chinese peoples longheld dreams come true.Ait Bthat Cwhat Dwhich3(2013辽宁高考)He may win the competition， he is likely to get into the national team.Ain which case Bin th
14、at case Cin what case Din whose case4(2013山东高考)There is no simple answer， is often the case in science.Aas Bthat Cwhen Dwhere5(2013上海高考)Sophia got an email her credit card account numb er.Aasking for Bask for Casked for Dhaving asked for6I lost a book， cant remember now.Awhose title Bits title Cthe
15、title of it Dthe title of that7Last week，only two people came to look at the house， wanted to buy it.Anone of them Bboth of them Cnone of whom Dneither of whom8I was told that there were about 50 foreign students Chinese in the school，most were from Germany.Astudy；of whom Bstudy；of themCstudying；of
16、them Dstudying；of whom9 They will fly to Washington， they plan to stay for two or three days.Awhere Bthere Cwhich Dwhen10I finished middle school in 2013， my brother was in the army.Athen Bwhen Cwhich Dthat课后反思：_课后训练用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1He said that he was invited， was a lie.2Recently I bought an ancient
17、 Chinese vase，the price was very reasonable.3This book of yours， I finished reading last night，was very interesting.4The film brought the hours back to me， I was taken good care of，in that faraway village.5We will be shown around the city；schools，museums，and some other places， other visitors seldom
18、go.6This is Mr.Smith， I think has something i nteresting to tell you.7There are two buildings，the larger of stands nearly a hundred feet high.8 is said above，the number of the students in our school has increased.9He changed his mind， made me very angry.10That old man is Johns father， your son helped with the luggage yesterday.
