1、新概念第一册短语总结 （下） 73-144 课时间:2011-10-07 09:15 来源:未知 作者:SunScene 点击: 1058 次Lesson 71 80 1 实义动词的过去形式 规则变化 看 Look Looked 在动词后边直接+ed 打扫 Clean Cleaned 开 Open Opened 打开 Turn Turned 听 Listen Listened 刮 Shave Shaved 以 e 结尾后直接+d 到达 Arrive Arrived 倒空 Empty Emptied 辅音+y 变 y 为 i+ ed 不Lesson 71 801 实义动词的过去形式规则变化看 L
2、ook Looked 打扫 Clean Cleaned 开 Open Opened 打开 Turn Turned 听 Listen Listened 在动词后边直接+ed刮 Shave Shaved 到达 Arrive Arrived 以 e 结尾后直接+d倒空 Empty Emptied 不规则变化辅音+y 变y 为 i+ ed做 Do/does Did Done看见 See Saw Seen说 Say Said Said讲 Speak Spoke Spoken有 Have Had Had丢失 Lose Lost Lost知道 Know Knew Known给 Give Gave Given
3、遇见 Meet Met Met喝 Drink Drank Drunk走 Go Went Gone游泳 Swim Swam Swum割 Cut Cut Cut买 Buy Bought Bought穿 Wear Wore Worn感觉 Feel Felt Felt来 Come Came Come得到 Get Got Got/gotten听到 Hear Heard Heard2 一般过去时态标志Just now 刚才 四种形式.ago 之前 Sb did sthyesterday昨天 Sb didnt doLast night 昨晚Did sb do ?Last year去年In 1995 在 19
4、95 年What did you do yesterday?3 名词 time不可数 时间 可数 次数What is the time?He phones two times.几点钟了? 他打了两次电话4 副词(地)修饰动词Know Londonwell 熟悉伦敦Smile pleasantly 愉悦地笑Read slowly 慢慢地读Shave hurriedly 很快地刮胡子Cutbadly 糟糕地割Eat quickly 很快地吃Drink thirstily 饥渴地喝Greet sb warmly 热情地打招呼Work hard 努力地工作swim well 游泳游的好5 动词短语Sp
5、eak to sb 对某人讲话Say sth to sb 对某人说Answer the phone 接电话Lose ones way 迷路Say to oneself 自言自语Take out a phrasebook 拿出笔记本Ask sb the way 问某人路Have an appointment 约定Come at 10am on Monday周一 10 点来Feel awful 感到痛苦的Look uncomfortable看起来不舒服I am afraid that我恐怕+句子I hope that 我希望+句子Make a shopping list 做购物单Need a lo
6、t of things需要很多东西Be in fashion 流行中be out of fashion 过时A pair of shoes 一双鞋6 必须去 某地 作某事grocers eggs.greengrocers beans.butchers meat.newsagents envelopes.bakers bread.I must go to the chemiststo get somemedicine.7 穿的动作和状态Put on 动作He put on his coat and left.Wear 状态 He is wearing the coat.8 有 have got=
7、 have/havent got = dont haveLesson 81 901. Have 短语 洗澡 Have a bath Take a bath吸烟 Have a cigarette Smoke喝威士忌Have a glass of whiskyDrink a glass of whisky吃晚餐 Have dinner Eat dinner吃午餐 Have lunch Eat lunch理发 Have a haircut Cut吃饭 Have a meal Eat a meal度假 Have a holiday Go on a holiday游泳 Have a swim Swim上
8、课 Have a lesson开晚会 Have a party玩的高兴Have a good timeEnjoy oneself吃饼干 Have a biscuit Take a biscuit1. 现在完成时 定义：过去某事动作对现在产生影响或结果肯定Sb have done sthSb has done sth否定 Sh havent Already已经Yet 还没Just 刚done sthSb hasnt done sth一般疑问Have you done sth?Has he done sth?特殊疑问What have you done?What has he done?刚Neve
9、r 从未Ever 曾经For +时段Since+过去自从Done 是动词过去分词3 动词原形 过去式 过去分词Do Did DoneIs am / are Was/ wereBeenHave / has Had HadGo Went GoneSee Saw SeenCut Cut CutPut Put PutRead Read ReadSet Set SetShut Shut ShutCome Came ComeGive Gave GivenSwim Swam SwumTake Took TakenEat Ate EatenRise Rose RisenSpeak Spoke Spoken4
10、打包裹 Pack ones cases呆在家 Stay at home原谅一片乱 Excuse the mess上演什么? What is on?巴黎之春 Paris in Spring天气糟 The awful weather一直下雨 It rained all the time仍在工作 Still work on it撞电线杆 Drive into the lamp-post说实话 To tell you the truth代售 For sale在农村 In the country它花费多少？How much does it cost?分文必值 Its wprth every penny
11、of it女人说的算Women always have the last word.5 经典完成时句型Have you done sth?Yes, I have完成vs过去When did you do it?I did it +过去时间Have you done sth?Non I havent.完成Vs将来When will you do it?I will do it +将来时间曾经去过 Sb have been to +某地已经去了 Sb have gone to +某地刚刚做了 （完成）sb have just done刚才做的 （过去）sb did sth just now已经做了
12、 Sb have already done sth还没做 Sb havent done sth yet做某事了吗？Have sb done sth yet?做某事多久Sb have done sth for+时间段曾经做过 Sb have ever done sth还没做过 Sb have never done sth曾经做过吗？Have you ever done sth?自从过去，某人就一直做Sb have done sth since + 过去时间点/过去时间段 ago / 过去时句子Lesson 91 1001 搬家 Move to/in/into想念 Miss sb带我问候他 Giv
13、e him my regards约定 Make an appointment隔壁邻居 Next-door neighbour下个月 Next month大下个月 The month after next目前 此刻 At the moment飞往西班牙 Fly to Spain几乎各国 Nearly every country往返票 Return tickets大量时间 Plenty of time赶火车 Catch the train错过火车 Miss the train五小时之后 In five hours time去伦敦的火车The train to London把柄上有标 A label
14、 on the 签 handle上边带有名字和地址With ones name and address on it怎么啦 What is the matter?跌落下楼 Fall downstairs伤到自己 Hurt oneself尝试做 Try to do sth立刻 At once起立 站立 Stand up让我帮助你 Let me help you需要 X 光 Need an X-ray2 最好做 最好不做Sb had better do sthSb had better not do Had better 是情态动词 没有人称数变化不得不做 不必做Sb have to do sthS
15、b has to do sthSb will have to do sthSb had to do sthSb dont have to doSb doesnt have to doSb wont have to doSb didnt have to doHave to 是实义动词 有人称数变化3 long (adj) Belong to (v)A long ruler Sth belong to sbThe ruler is long区分形容词与实义动词The book belongs to me, itdoesnt belong to her.4 一般过去 vs 一般将来肯定 Sb did
16、 sth Sb will do sth否定 Sb Sb wont do didnt do.sth一般 Did sb do ? Will sb do sth?特殊 What did/ will sb do ?Wii 与 did 为助动词 帮助提问与否定一般将来时标志：Tomorrow / the day after tomorrowNext month / the month after next yearIn ten minutes time / in the future一般过去标志：in 1998 / Ten minutes ago / a month ago/ last year5 有的
17、用法 have have got肯定 Sb have sth Sb have got否定 Sb dont have Sb havent got一般 Do you have .? Have you got.?特殊 What do you have? What have you got?6 形容词性物主代词 vs 名词性物主代词It ismy book . Itsmine.It belongs to me.They are his books. Theyrehis.These books belong to him.Belong to us - our oursBelong to you your
18、 yoursBelong to them- their Theirs 7 实义动词后接宾语从句I think that+ he is tired.He thinks that+ she feels thirsty.We believe that+ he has got a cold.She knows that+he needs a licence.He understands that+ he must catch the bus.8 be +形容词+ 宾语从句Be afraid that +句子 恐怕Be sorry that +句子 抱歉Be sure that +句子 确信上述实义动词
19、 say/know / believe 和下边的 be 动词 应该与宾语从句时态保持一这9 描述 descirbe (v) description (n)Pilot 飞行员 The R.A.F.Platform 站台 英国皇家空军Lesson 101 110 1 直接引语 vs 间接引语直 I have just arrived in S he says.间 He says he has just arrived in S.直 I am staying in a hotel. He says.间 He says heis staying in a hotel.直 I will write a
20、letter soon , he says间 Hesays he will write a letter soon.直 I hope you are all well. He says间 Hesays he hopes we are all well直接引语变间接引语人称变化 全用现在范畴的时态2 介词短语 后置定语The train to London 去伦敦的火车A card from Jimmy 吉米的明信片The guy next to me挨着我的那家伙3 到达 get to Get to schoolGet +副词 Get homeArrive in Scotland 大地方Arr
21、ive at the village 小地点Reach +某地 没有介词4 the . Y.H.A. 青招协The Youth Hostels AssociationSpeak up 大点声Soon 很快Write much on a card 卡片上写很多Pass the exam 通过考试How about 关于怎么样Fail the French paper法语考试没及格Sixteen of the questions问题中的 16个Answer the rest 回答其它的Get a low mark 得低分Cheer up 振作At the top of the paper 在卷子顶
22、部Do too badly 做的太差For three hours 三个小时Clever / stupid 聪明-愚蠢Cheap / 便宜-昂贵expensiveFresh / stale 新鲜-馊了Low / loud 低-高Sweet / sour 甜-酸Soft / hard 软-硬Be full of mistakes 满是错误Make a mistake 犯错误Be sorry about 抱歉Intelligent 聪明的Dictionary 字典A present for sb 给某人礼物How do you spell? 如何拼写?Correect the exercise (
23、v)改正练习It is correct (adj)正确的Keep it 保留Keep the room clean 保持房间干净4 too / very /enough Too 太 The question is too difficult 否定用TootoHe is too tired to walk on 太而不能Very He is very cleverEnough He is old enogh to go to schoolTooto与 so that转化5 want 用法Want sth 想得到某物Want to do sth 想去做Want sb to do sth 想让某人做
24、Dont want sb to do sth不想让某人做6 tell 用法Tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于Tell sb to do sth 告诉某人去做Tell sb not to do sth告诉某人不做7 形容词比较级 最高级Small Smaller SmallestPretty Prettier PrettiestLarge Larger LargestTall Taller TallestHot Hotter HottestHeavy Heavier HeaviestLittle Less LeastFew Fewer FewestMany/much More Mo
25、stGood Better Best两者 A 比 B 更 A +be +adj 比较级 than BA+be the 形容词最高级+范围(in China)In the world/ of them all/ of the threeOne and a half teaspoonfuls 一勺半In fashion 流行 out of fashion 过时Lesson 111 120形容词原形 比较级 最高级正常变化比较级后边+er 最高级后边+esttall taller tallestshort shorter shortestlong longer longest重读闭音节双写尾字母+e
26、r/esthot hotter hottestthin thinner thinnest辅音+y 结尾的 变 y 为 i+er/estheavy heavier heaviesthappy happier happiest多音节形容词前边+more/mostexpensive More expensive Most expensiveInterestingLess interestingLeast interesting特殊形式形容词比较级最高级goodwell better bestmanymuch more mostlittle less leastfarther farthestfarf
27、urther furthestolder oldestoldelder eldest修饰形容词比较级的程度副词有Much / a little / far + adj 比较级形容词最高级 一般有范围In the world / of them all / in our class形容词同级比较肯定 A 和 B 一样的A is as +adj 原形+as BThis pencil is as blunt as that one.否定 A 不和 B 一样的A is not as/so +adj 原形+as BHe is not as fat as his wife.形容词同级比较否定形式与比较级的
28、转化同级 He isnt as tall as his brother.比较级He is shorter than his brother.His brother is taller than he/him.不定代词Some 一些 肯定句Any 一些 否定 疑问None 没有 I have got none.No= not anyI have no friends.I dont have any friends.He is busy, so am I .I like English, so does he.He got up early, so did we.He has been there
29、, so have I .肯定倒装 He will go to Japan, so will I .I am not a teacher, neither is he.He doesnt have a car, neither do I .I wont but the house, neither will she.He hasnt seen the film, neither has Tom.否定倒装I didnt play, neither did he.每一个 没有 任何 某一个every none any someeveryone No one anyone someoneeveryb
30、ody Nobody anybody somebodyeverythingnothinganythingsomethingeverywherenowhereanywheresomewhere不定代词作主语 谓语用单数Something is wrong with my watch.Is there anything wrong with your bike?修饰不定代词的形容词放在其后He is reading something interesting.I wantsomething to drink.过去进行时肯定句 Sb was/were doing sth否定句 Sb wasnt/we
31、rent doing sth一般疑问Was/Were sb doing sth?Was he doing his work when the telephone rang?特殊疑问What was/were sb doing?What were you doing when I came?标志词：when 当时 有突然之意While 当时 有而转折之意Just as 正当this time yesterday 昨天这个时候Lesson 121 130定语 的 修饰名词作用形容词作定语 A long umbrellaTwo expensive booksThe book on the count
32、er柜台上的书介词短语作定语 The boy in the room房间里的孩子句子作定语 该句子叫定语从句站在桌子后边的女人The ladywho is standing behind the deskLady 是先行词 who 是关系代词 也叫引导词 引导定语从句 修饰先行词 翻译成的 关系代词在定语从句中充当主语或者宾语的成分先行词 关系代词 定语从句指人在定语从句中做主语 用 who / that关系代词不可以省略Theman who/ that lost his books was very sad.He is the man that / who is looking for th
33、e keys.指人关系代词在定语从句中作宾语 who / whom / that /关系代词可以省略He is the man who / whom /that / you ar elooking for.The teacher who /who / that / you talked about just now is from America.指物在定语从句中关系代词做主语不可省 that /whichThe books which /that are on the counter are expensive.The dog which / that is carrying the bag
34、 is mine.指物在定语从句中关系代词做宾语可省that /which /This is the shipthat /which / we travelled on when we were in Australia.The photograph which /that/ I took during the journey is in the bag.关系代词在定从做主语或者宾语的区别：去掉关系代词后若定语从句中有主语，关系代词做宾语。若去掉关系代词后，定语从句中没有主语，则关系代词在定语从句中做主语，并且不可以省略。不得不 have to 使役动词 必须 must原形 I have to
35、 do sth单三 He has to do sth过去 We had to do sth将来 I will have to do sth完成 I have had to do sth否定形式为:不必做某事Sbdont / doesnt / didnt / wont+have toNeed实意动词+动词不定式或名词Need + to do sthDont / desont need to doNeed sthDont / doesnt need sth情态动词+动词原形I neednt go now.猜测May 可能 情态动词肯定Sb may do sthHe may be ten.He ma
36、y comeIt may not be his.否定 Sb may not He may not be right.do sthIt may not be rainy.疑问 May I come in?现在时猜测肯定Sbmust be +adj / n / 介词/ doingIt must be his new hat. 一定是否定Sb cant be+ adj / n/ 介词/doingIt cant be January the second.It cant be raining. 一定不是过去时猜测肯定Sb must have done sthSb must have beenHe mu
37、st have done his homework.It must have been his old hat.He must have been sleeping.否定Sb cant have done sthSb cant have been It cant have rained last night.He cant have been a dentist.He cant have been reading.Lesson 131 1381 短语度假 Spend ones holidays出国 Go abroad决定 Make up ones mind(s)花费长时间It takes a
38、long time担心 Worry about sth买份报纸 Buy a newspaper未婚夫 Future husband结婚 Get married最新报道 The latest report美梦 A pleasant dream赢钱 Win a lot of money依靠 Depend on sb2May be / maybe 的区别May +do/ beMay 情态动词+动词原形肯定He may be in his room.He may go to the cinema.否定They may not be busy.I may not come tomoroow.Maybe
39、+句子Perhaps+句子Maybe he is in his room.Maybe they arent busy.3 过去猜测May have done 可能曾做过May have been 可能曾经是肯定He may have been there.He might have seen her before.否定 He may not have done the work.4 直接引语 间接引语直接引语：直接引述别人的话语，并置于引号之内的I am going to retire. He said.间接引语：用自己的语言转述别人的话语，称为间接引语，间接一般构成宾语从句He said h
40、e was going to retire.直接变间接：人称变化 时态后退 陈述语序一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时现在完成时 过去完成时一般将来时 过去将来时现在进行时 过去进行时*如果直接引语是客观真理 间接时态不变直：I am not going to make a film.she said间： She said that she was not going to make a film.直：I feel tired. She said间：Shesaid that she felt tired.直： I dont want to make another film she said.间
41、：she said she didnt want to make another film.直： I have just made a film. She told me间：she told me she had just made a film.6 使役动词 让某人做某事Let Let me make another filmMake Make him stand in class7 区分 late / later / latest / lately Late 晚(adj/adv)Be late for school (adj)Go to school late (adv)Later 后来S
42、ome time laterThree days laterLatest 最新的 The latest newsLately 最近I havent seen him lately.8 条件状语从句: if 是连词 连接条件状语从句，另外一个句子叫主句，主句用一般将来时，主句也可以用情态动词火祈使句。主句为将来时If you break the window, you will havr to pay for it.主句为情态动词If he sells his old car, he can buy a new one.主句为祈使句If the food smells bad, throw it
43、 away.9 赢钱 Win a lot of money周游世界Travel round the world赢足彩 Win the football pools为付款 Pay for something错过火车 Miss the train感觉更好 Fell well/ better伤到自己 Hurt oneself那就是为什么 That was why +句子最好别做Had better not do sth想让某人做 want sb to do sth告诉某人（别）做 tell sb(not) to do sth罚款某人 Charge sb超过某人 Overtake somebodyLe
44、sson 139-1441 直接引语变间接引语：said/ told sb+句子时态后退 人称变化 陈述语序一般疑问句变间接引语变成由是否whether /if 引导的陈述句子直：Are you tired? he asks间：He asks if you are tired.直：Will you be late?he asks间：He asks if I will be late.直： Does Maryneed any help? She asked间：She asked if Maryneeded any help.直：Why are youworried? He asked间：He a
45、sked why I was worried.特殊疑问句变间接引语变成由特殊疑问词+陈述句的形式直：What are you talking about? he asks间：He asks what I am talking about.直：When will you finish? I dont know间：I dont know when you will finish.直：What do you want? He asked间：He asked what I wanted.直：What is Marys brother reading? he asked间：He asked what M
46、arys brother was doing.2 电话用语你是？ Is that speaking?我是 This is speaking.稍等 Hold on, please某人不在 Sb isnt in打电话留条 Leave a messange接电话留条 Take a message3 邀请晚餐 Invite sb to dinner想让某人做 Want sb to do sth额外工作 Extra work谈论 Talk about海外工程公司 Overseas Engineering Company4 中年妇女 A middle-aged lady四岁大女孩 A four-year
47、old girl穿蓝衣服 Be dressed in a blue coat化妆 Make up ones face使自己漂亮 Make oneself beautiful拿出化妆盒 Take out a power compact5 以ed ing 结尾的形容词Excited 修饰人 感到激动的Exciting 修饰物 令人激动地interested He is interesting in reading.Interesting The book isnt interesting.Surprised I am surprised at the news.Surprising The sur
48、prising news.Embarassed He felt embarrassed.EmbarrassingThe embarrassing situationAmused Sally was amused.Amusing It is an amusing experience.6 主动语态 与 被动语态主动语态： 动作发出者+动作+动作承受着被动语态：动作承受着+be +动词过去分词+ by+ 动作发出者注意：主动语态与被动语态转换时，时态不便，被动语态的时态体现在Be 动词上Sb do/does sth一般现在时 Sthis / are done by sbSb did sth一般过去
49、时 Sth was/ were done by sbSb have / has done sth现在完成时 Sthhave / has been done by sbSb will do sth一般将来时 Sthwill be done by sbSbam / is / are doing sth现在进行时 Sth is / abe being done by sbBeautiful woods surround the village. 现在The village is surrounded by beautiful woods.He has asked visitors to keep it clean.完成Visitors have been asked to keep it clean.Pieces of paper covered the ground.过去The ground was covered with pieces of paper.The polic
