1、 以下八大高频考点的分类出自华研专八人文知识与改错，现将八大类错误整理如下，主要包括：1.短语搭配错误；2. 易混词错误； 3.逻辑关系错误；4.代词错误（一致错误）；5.冠词错误；6. 形容词和副词使用错误； 7.成分残缺或冗余；8.动词时态或语态错误。 笔者认为这八类错误基本涵盖了改错考试中出现的错误，首先了解错误类型，对应对改错具有重要意义。 另外，笔者在总结华研专八人文知识与改错和星火 专八改错满分突破 60 篇两本练习册中近 100 篇改错题的基础上，搜集其中出现的所有典型错误例子（语法词汇类错误居多），并根据所属错误类型整理如下。（注意：带 的表示前边的是错误的，后边的是改正之后的
2、；其他的没有正确错误之分）1.短语搭配错误 （大部分为介词错误）in return to in return forthe need of the need forsubstitute A with B substitute A for Baccount 70% account for 70%under the grounds of/that on the grounds of/thatattitude on life attitude towards/to lifein a quick speed at a quick speedwith many respects in many resp
3、ectsat the face of in the face(s) offall victim of fall victim to resistance of resistance toembark sth embark on sthat advance of sth in advance of sthinterpret to interpret asin line to in line withtake pride of take pride inleap out to me leap out at mecharge him with the same price charge him th
4、e same priceimbalance of A and B imbalance between A and Bshed light to sth shed light on sthin proportion with in proportion tobe contrasted to be contrasted within contrast with in contrast toat the first place in the first placeyearn to yearn forat average on averageidentify oneself to identify o
5、neself withconsumers demand of luxury goods consumers demand for luxury goodson ones 30s in ones 30sdistinguish A with B distinguish A from Bemphasis of emphasis on2.易混词错误(1)形近异义词imaginative imaginaryadapt adoptconfirm conformformer formaldiary dairypersonal personnelbeside besidesprincipal principl
6、eintelligent intelligibleconscious conscientiousstationary stationeryconsiderate considerableaffect(影响) effect(致使、达成)contact contractmoral moraleindustrious industrialdesert dessertrequire acquire inquirepresence presentationsensible sensitivetransformation transmissionvalue evaluatetense tensionany
7、thing somethingcooker cookcomplexity(复杂性 ) complex(合成体)insurance assuranceprovide(提供) provided/providing(假设，如果)perceive conceiveeffective(有效的 ) affective(受影响的，由引起的)(2)形近(形异)近义词latter laterlate(迟的，已故的) latest(最晚的，最新的)farther(距离更远) further(程度更进一步)healthy(健康的) healthful(有益健康的)effective efficientcontinu
8、al(连续的) continuous(持续不断的)respectable respectfulhistoric historicalrise arise raise arousesure insure ensure assurein return to in response toopposite oppositionproducing productivelonely aloneacross crossimpressed - impressivepermit(n.通行证) permissionrelating relatedmemorizing memorablenormal(n.常态,通常
9、标准,一般水平 ) norm(规范,行为标准)favorite favorableacceptability acceptanceeconomical economicfew littlea few fewlittle a littleinvent discoverbefore agoanother otheragent(代理人) agency(代理机构)reward(回馈) award(奖赏)special specific(3)兼有两种形式的副词firstly first (firstly 用于列举条目或者表示顺序，first 表示时间上“第一次、首次”)hardly(几乎不 ) hard
10、(努力地)sure surelylate latelyclear(完全地、径直地) clearly(显然、清楚地)high(高度高地) highly(程度高地、非常 )close(接近地、紧密地) closely(紧密地、严密地)most(最) most(大部分)(4)反义词with withoutpossible impossiblesubjective objectiveimport exportbetter worseemployee employeremployment unemploymentmodifiable unmodifiablenatural unnaturaldiscer
11、nable indiscernablelent borrowedexclusive inclusiveindependency dependencywilling unwillingnothing more than nothing less thanagree disagreerarely frequently / oftenspecific generalless more (still more still less)most leastknown unknownrespective irrespective (irrespective of 表示“不管”)majority minori
12、tyresult in result fromfortunately - unfortunatelypowerful powerlesseasiness uneasinessprofessional amateuraware unawareinclude exclude(5) 名词单复数异义moral morals(作名词时用复数形式,表示“道德、伦理”)collection(不可数名词表示 “各种因素集合体”) collections(可数名词表示“ 收藏品”)manner(方法,方式 ) manners(礼仪,礼节)saving savings(复数表示“存款”)specie(硬币) sp
13、ecies(种类)（species 只有单数）mean(n.平均值) means(方法 )Value-values(6) 易混短语live with(同一起生活 ,忍受) live by(靠 过活)go about (doing) sth(开始做某事,四处走动,流传,经常从事于) go around(四处走动, 绕道走)tend to intend toin next week(以当下时间为基准点) in the next week(以过去的时间为基准点)spend in doing sth spend on sthdie of(内部) die from(外部 )rather than oth
14、er thanhave sb do sth have sth donetake on(从事，开始对付，呈现) go on(继续)take place take the place ofconsist in(在于) consist of(包括)in all(总共) after all(毕竟)in return(作为报答) in turn(反过来，轮流)one reason for +短语 one reason why +句子bring out(使显露，使显现) bring up(教育，培养，提出，(船) 抵达目的地)be worth doing be worthwhile to doreact
15、to(对作出反应 ) react with(以 作出反应)apply to(将 应用于) apply for(请求，申请)3.逻辑关系错误（连词使用错误）therefore nevertheless/however (大部分 therefore 都要改为 however,反之亦然)and but / whileor andbut becausemoreover howeverafter beforesince althoughthere is no there is alsothat iffrom now on from then onall nonebesides yetif unlessb
16、esides excepttherefore becauseso becauseso does he neither/nor does hethats why +结果 thats because +原因as if even ifwhether if4.代词错误（一致错误）their its/histhat those (需要特别注意)which that (有些情况下关系代词只能用 that)which whatit itself (主宾相同，宾语用反身代词 )that/this it (只有 it 可作形式主语)his ones (泛指时用 one)you yourselfit theyth
17、is suchXX is less sophisticated than what they are today XX is less sophisticated than they are today5.冠词错误(1)定冠词多余on the either side on either sidein the Europe in Europein the winter in winter (季节前不加定冠词)Kaufman, the/an author of a recent book Kaufman, author of a recent book(同位语间完全对等关系，不必使用冠词)take
18、 the issue take issue(对 持异议，不同意)(2)定冠词缺漏among most among the mostone of first one of the firstatmosphere the atmosphere(表示独一无二的事物)（另外还有如：the Equator, the Outerspace）between us and rest between us and the restin minority in the minorityaround floor around the floorpiano the piano (西洋乐器的前面要有定冠词)Englis
19、h language the English languageat heart of at the heart ofworld the world(表示“地球 ”这种独一无二的事物要加定冠词)in long run in the long run(3)定冠词与不定冠词之间的误用illustrate the further difference illustrate a further difference (diference 第一次提及)注意以下短语的区别in church in the churchat college at the collegein court in the court
20、in hospital in the hospitalin office in the officein prison in the prisonat sea at the seain school in the schoolat table at the table6.形容词与副词使用错误have been currently currentbe well equipped as be as well equipped asheavy industrialized heavily-industrializedspread colossal spread colossallysimilar s
21、trong similarly strongkeep the number constantly at X a year keep number constant at X a yearfeel hopeless thwarted feel hopelessly thwartedcomparative high proportion comparatively high proportion(quakes) start deeply in the earth start deep in the earthin the passed 5 years in the past 5 yearscult
22、ure embedded attitudes culturally embedded attitudesas much as as often asfrom one meter afar from one meter awayincreasing increasinglysimple simplypure purelymuch manymany morelarge largerearly earlier7.成分残缺或多余(单复数错误)a world which I could get a world in which I could getshows that shows (先行词在定语从句中
23、作主语，关系代词不可省略)take for granted that take it for grated that1980 1980sone of the most glaring form one of the mist glaring formstheir jobs engage in their interest their jobs engage their interest (engage 单独使用表示“占用（某人时间），吸引（某人注意力）”)complain about sth complain sthwork sth work out sthbelieve in believe
24、 (believe 单独使用表示一般的“ 相信”，believe in 表示“ 信任某人，信仰”)point sth point out sth20 percents 20 percenteyes contact eye contactseven sevenththe process which it function the process by which it functioncommunication service communications service (通信服务、通讯服务)average incomes average income (income 为不可数名词)the l
25、ike of the likes of(诸如此类的)be referred to XX be referred to as XXbe viewed as work of are be viewed as a work of art(work 作为“作品”讲时，为可数名词)8.时态或语态错误went goagreeing agreedconsisted consistingbored boringfavoring favoredif she was if she were(非真实条件句)involves involvingwill would (虚拟语气中)delaying delayed (已
26、完成概念或者被动概念 )the promise of improving quality of life the promise of improved quality of life (已完成概念或者被动概念)assure assures (第三人称单数 )have has (要看清句子真正的主语)developing developedconfronting confrontedthe least understanding the least understoodwhat the have told what they have been toldif circumstances become favorable if circumstances should become favorable
