1、高三复习阅读理解之 - 词义猜测（word-guessing）,一、课标要求： 高中英语课程标准在“语言技能”部分强调高中生要能够做到“能利用上下文和句子结构猜测词义”;“能通过上下文克服生词困难，理解语篇意义”;“能根据情景和上下文猜测不熟悉的语言现象”。 二、考情： 猜测词义已被视为高中英语词汇扩展的一个重要学习策略。近年来高考加大了对考生猜词义能力的考查，题型特点与命题方式此类题型有逐渐增加的趋势，尤其是猜测词组、句义题。 三、学情： 学生词汇量有限，猜测生词的方法不全面、答题技能不熟练，这就直接影响做题速度和质量。,Learning aims(学习目标),利用高考题，在具体的篇章中，通
2、过 引导学生 分析、理解相关语句，总结 猜测词义的具体方法。 在掌握猜词方法的基础上，通过更多 的高考题篇章语境，练习强化猜词技 巧，提高阅读速度、更好理解文章。,How can you guess the meaning of a word?,1.Mother was tall, fat and middle-aged. My teacher was an older woman, almost as plump as mother, and much shorter.,“圆胖的, 丰满的”,synonym同义词,Skill 1,A good boss can tell the adept
3、workers from the unskilled ones easily.,“熟练的”,antonym反义词,Skill 1,通过对比和比较找出 同义词、反义词 (synonym) (antonym) 来猜测词义,解题技巧一：,表示对比关系的词汇和短语:unlike，however，despite，in spite of，in contrast 和similarly like，just as，also等。,1.）Andrew is one of the most arrogant men I know. His brother, in contrast, is quite modest.,
4、傲慢的,Skill 2,2.）Green loves to talk，and his brothers are similarly loquacious.,健谈的,Skill 2,She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.,“修剪”,1以因果关系为线索 cause and effect,Skill 2,以因果关系为线索猜测词义cause and effect,解题技巧二：,1）Tom is considered an indefatigable leader because he alwa
5、ys works day and night and never feels tired.,adj. 不知疲倦的,Challenge yourself !,2.That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.,adj. 大的,Challenge yourself !,1. Bill ranked second in the semifinal of 1,500 meters .,半决赛,prefix 前缀,Skill 3,2. New research has fou
6、nd that the ability to quantify may develop much sooner. （济南市一模）,确定的数量,suffix 后缀,Skill 3,根据 构词法（前缀prefix、后缀suffix）来猜测词义,解题技巧三：,以下单词都是从近年高考题中选取，猜 测其词义，并按构词法将其拆分： 1.nonprofit 2.inappropriately 3.participant 4.prehistoric,高考链接,1.They took care not to prejudge the issue.预先判断，过早判断,2.We should attach impo
7、rtance to the problems of childrensnon-attendance at school.缺席、不到场,1.Devalue means to reduce the value of the money of one country .,Skill 4,货币贬值,根据 定义（definition）来猜测词义常用提示词：be defined as, be known as , be called, mean 等.,解题技巧四：,1.) The term “jam“ is known as a state of being in which a person finds
8、 himself or herself in a difficult situation.陷入困境,practice,1.You can take any of the periodicals: Reader, English Salon ,Teaching in Schools, or English Learning.“期刊” 以列举的事例examples为线索,Skill 5,根据 列举的事例来猜测词义,解题技巧五：,2.）Epochal events such as （wars and great scientific discoveries） often take place in
9、this area.,重大的，有历史意义的,1.My dad took a lot of photos with his blue Kodak camera. He developed the pictures himself in our basement. A.发展 B.冲洗 C.加强 D.培育,Skill 6,2.Sam pick up some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.“无意中学会”,Skill 6,通过上下文语境来猜测词义 context,解题技巧六：,What skills ha
10、ve we learnt?,1.通过对比和比较找出反义词，近义词来猜测词义（synonym，antonym） 2.根据因果关系猜测词义（cause and effect） 3.根据 定义来猜测词义（definition） 4.根据 构词法：前缀、后缀来猜测词义 5.根据 列举的事例来猜测词义（example） 6.通过上下文语境来猜测词义（context）,触摸高考：,下面我们来做一些高考真题，只要好好运用今天所学的技巧你就会发现高考题没那么难。,1. When Andrea Peterson did her first teaching job, she faced the daunting
11、 task of creating a music program with almost no money for equipment or supplies . The underlined word “daunting” means _.A. challenging B. interesting C. creative D. easy-going,A,Context 结合语境法,2.Of course, the benefit of oxen is not limited to plowing. In fact, they are seen as “boats on land” for
12、their ability to carry loads.The words “boats on land” underlined in Paragraph 2 refer to _A. animals for carrying goods B. creatures for pulling plowsC. treasures of the folk culture D. tools in the farming economy,A,因果关系 cause and effect,3.Some family names were made by adding something to fathers
13、 name. English- speaking people added s or son . For example, the Johnsons are descendants of John.(2010 江苏) later generations friends and relatives C. colleagues and parterners D. later sponsors,举例法,2017年的高考题会是什么样子,模拟高考,1.My dad often developed the photos himself in our basement. I remember helping
14、 him. All the lights had to be turned out while we transferred the negatives from one pan to the other. It was a lot of fun for a small boy. Whats the Chinese meaning of “negatives”? A.负的 B. 底片 C. 消极的 D. 拒绝的,2. A poll of 1000 parents surveyed said their top concern was their daughters education. Gir
15、ls tend to outperform boys in their education, and this may lead schools to assume all girls will do better than boys in study. The word “outperform” means _. A. get along well with B. fall behind C. do better than D. compete with,C,因果关系法,3. Chinas consumer price index (CPI), a measure of inflation (通货膨胀), rose by 0.6 percent since January 2009. The release of these numbers caused talk about possible inflation. How to translate the underlined word?A. 释放 B. 减轻 C. 发布 D.解除context语境法,practice+skills=success,1.复习今天所学的猜词技巧 2.完成“触摸高考”部分的剩余练习题,Homework,Thank you for your listening!,
