1、12018 届长宁区第二学期教学质量检测（二模）高三英语试题II. Grammar and vocabularySection A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,
2、 use one word that best fits each blank.A Great FriendshipThomas Jefferson and James Madison met in 1776. Could it have been any other year? They worked together and started to further American Revolution and later to shape the official new plan of government, _21_ (develop) a close friendship, whic
3、h lasted for 50 years. There were _22_(share) purposes and a common end on both sides. Four and a half months _23_ he died, when he was ill and worried about his family, Jefferson wrote to his longtime friend. His words and Madisons reply remind us that friends are friends till death.“The friendship
4、 which _24_ ( exist) between us for half a century, the harmony of our political principles and pursuits have been sources of constant happiness to me through that long period. Its also been a great comfort to me _25_ (believe) that you are engaged in vindicating(证实) to the younger generation the co
5、urse that weve pursued for preserving to them. If ever the earth has noticed a system of administration conducted with _26_single and keen eye to the general interest and happiness of those committed to, it must be the system protected by truth, to _27_ our lives have been devoted. To myself, you ha
6、ve been a great supporter throughout life. Take care of me when dead and be assured that I should leave with you my last affections.”A week later, Madison replied.“You cannot look back _28_ the long period of our private friendship and political harmony with more affecting recollections than I do. _
7、29_ they are a source of pleasure to you, it is the same to me. We cannot be deprived(失去) of the happy consciousness of the pure devotion to the public good and I have confidence _30_ sufficient evidence will find its way to another generation to ensure, after we are gone, whatever of justice may be
8、 withheld while we are here.” Section B.Directions：After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.A. analysis B. usually C. assures D. pours E. development F. necessaryG. cloudy
9、H. absent I. cultivate J. allow K. extremelyHe is kindlyThe other evening at a dancing club a young man introduced me to Mr. and Mrs. F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Scott seemed to have changed a lot from the first time I met him at Princeton, when he was an eager undergraduate trying his best to _31_ him
10、self into a great author. He is still trying hard to be a great author. He is at work now on a novel which his wife _32_ me is far better than This Side of Paradise, but 2like most of our younger novelists he finds it _33_ to produce a certain number of short stories to make the wheels go around. Th
11、at The Vegetable, his play, did not receive a Manhattan presentation seems to have disappointed rather than discouraged him. He is still _34_ light-hearted.I have always considered him the most brilliant of our younger novelists. Not one of them can tough his style, nor the superb quality of his sat
12、ire(讽刺). He has yet to put them in a novel with carefulness of conception and _35_ of character. He can become almost any kind of writer that his peculiarly restless character will _36_.Born in St. Paul, he attended Princeton, served in the Army, wrote his first novel in a training camp, achieved fa
13、me and fortune, married a Southern girl, has a child and lives in New York. At heart, he is one of the kindliest of the younger writers. Artistry means a great deal to F. Scott Fizgerald, and into his own best work he _37_ great efforts. He demands this in the work of others, and when he does not fi
14、nd it he criticizes with passionate earnestness. I have known him, after reading a young fellow-novelists book, to take what must have been hours of time to write him a lengthy, careful _38_.Just what he will write in the future remains _39_. With a firmer reputation than that of the other young peo
15、ple, he yet seems to me to have achieved rather less than Robert Nathan and rather more than Stephen Vincent Benet, Cyril Hume. His coming novel should mean a definite prediction for future work. It is to be hoped that from it will be _40_ the seemingly unavoidable modern girls.III. Reading Comprehe
16、nsionSection AStandards for Schools: Developing Organizational Accountability(绩效)Quality teaching depends on not just teachers knowledge and skills but on the environment in which they work. Schools need to offer a coherent curriculum focused on higher-order thinking and performance across subject a
17、reas and grades, time for teachers to work _41_ with students to accomplish challenging goals, opportunities for teachers to plan with and learn from one another, and regular occasions to evaluate the outcomes of their _42_.If schools are to become more responsible, they must, like other professiona
18、l organizations, make evaluation and assessment part of their everyday lives. Just as hospitals have standing committees of staff that meet regularly to look at evaluation data and discuss the _43_ of each aspect of their work a practice reinforced by their accreditation(评定) requirements, - schools
19、must have regular occasions to examine their practice and effectiveness.As Richard Rothstein and colleagues describe in Grading Education: Getting Accountability Right, school-level accountability can be supported by school _44_, like those common in many other nations, in which trained experts eval
20、uate schools by spending several days visiting classrooms, _45_ samples of student work, and interviewing students about their understanding and their experiences, _46_ looking at objective data such as test scores, graduation rates, and so on. In some cases, principals accompany the inspectors into
21、 classrooms and are asked for their own evaluations of the lessons. In this way, the inspectors are able to make _47_ about the instructional and supervisory competence(能力) for principals. As described earlier, inspectors may also play a role in ensuring the _48_ and comparability of school-based as
22、sessments (as in England and Australia), as well as schools internal assessment and evaluation process (as in Hong Kong).In most countries inspection systems, schools are rated on the quality of instruction and other services and supports, as well as students _49_ and progress on a wide range of asp
23、ects, including and going 3beyond academic subject areas, such as extra-curricular, personal and social _50_, the acquisition of workplace skills and the _51_ to which students are encouraged to adopt safe practices and a _52_ lifestyle. Schools are rated as to whether they pass inspection, need mod
24、est improvements, or require serious intervention(介入), and they receive extensive feedback on what the inspectors both saw and _53_. Reports are publicly posted. Schools requiring intervention are then given more expert _54_ and support, and are placed on a more frequent schedule of visits. Those th
25、at persistently fail to pass may be placed under local government control and could be _55_ if they are not improved.41. A. occasionally B. closely C. strictly D. peacefully42. A. challenges B. competence C. curriculum D. practices43. A. effectiveness B. faults C. progress D. requirements44. A. inst
26、ruction B. protection C. inspection D. consideration45. A. taking B. improving C. examining D. copying46. A. as far as B. rather than C. other than D. as well as47. A. judgments B. decisions C. inquiries D. suggestions48. A. quantity B. quality C. instruction D. support49. A. education B. performanc
27、e C. attention D. interest50. A. responsibility B. structure C. resources D. benefits51. A. frequency B. consistence C. satisfaction D. extent52. A. comparable B. healthy C. different D. unique53. A. appreciated B. criticized C. recommended D. rewarded54. A. attention B. programs C. evaluation D. ex
28、planations55. A. set down B. put down C. closed down D. pulled downSection B 22%(A)NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC NEWSWarning from Experts A growing amount of human-made orbital debris(太空轨道残骸 )一 from rocket stages and out-of-date satellite -is circling the Earth. Scientists say the orbital debris, better known
29、 as space junk, poses an increasing threat to space activities. “ This is a growing environmental problem,” said Nicholas Jonson, the chief scientist and program manager for orbital debris at NASA(美国航空航天局) in Houston, Texas.Johnson and his team have developed a computer model capable of simulating p
30、ast and future amounts of space junk. The model predicts that even without future rocket or satellite launches, the amount of debris in low orbit around Earth will remain steady through 2055, after which it will increase. While current efforts have focused o limiting future space junk, these scienti
31、sts say removing large pieces of old space junk will soon be necessary. Since the first launch of satellite in 1957, humans have been generating space junk. The U.S. Space Surveillance Network is currently tracking over 13,000 human-made objects larger than ten centimeters in diameter orbiting the E
32、arth. “Of the 13 000 objects, over 40 percent came from breakups of both spacecraft and rocket bodies,” Johnson sand. In addition, there are hundreds of thousands of smaller objects in space. Human Animal News Ancient World Space Tech Culture4These include everything from pieces of plastic to bits o
33、f paint. Much of this smaller junk has come from exploding rocket stages. Stages are sections of a rocket that have their own fuel or engines.These objects travel at speeds over 35, 000 kilometers an hour. At such high speed, even small junk can tear holes in a spacecraft or disable a satellite by c
34、ausing electrical shorts that result from clouds of superheated gas.Johnson believes it may be time to think about how to remove junk from space. Previous proposals range from sending up spacecrafts to grab junk and bring it down to using lasers to slow an objects orbit to cause it to fall back to E
35、arth more quickly. Given current technology, those proposals appear neither technically nor economically practical, “Space junk is like any environmental problem. “Johnson admits. “Its growing. If you dont deal with it now, it will only become worse, and the solutions in the future are going to be e
36、ven more costly.”56. What is this passage mainly talking about?A. Advanced technology is used to remove spaces junkB. NASA is responsible for the environmental problem. C. Cleaning up the space junk is greatly neededD. Human activities generate much orbital debris57. Which of the following is not me
37、ntioned in the passage?A. Rocket launches produce more debris than satellite launchesB. Space junk is endangering human beings space activitiesC. Its necessary to clean up the large pieces of old space junkD. Even a tiny piece of space junk can destroy a spacecraft58. What does John think of the pre
38、vious proposals to grab space junk and bring it down to the earth? A. Reasonable B. Unbelievable C. Reliable D. Impractical (B)ABC News: Parents who want to pick up their kids at school in one New Jersey district now can submit to iris(虹膜) scans, as the technology that helps keep our nations airport
39、s and hotels safe begins to make its way further into American lives.The Freehold Borough School District launched this high-tech security system on Monday with funding from the Department of Justice as part of a study on the systems effectiveness.As many as four adults can be authorized to pick up
40、each child in the district, but in order to be authorized to come into school, they will be asked to register with the districts iris recognition security and visitor management system. At this point, the New Jersey program is not a must.If someone tries to slip in behind an authorized person, the s
41、ystem causes an alarm and red flashing lights in the front office. The entire process takes just seconds.This kind of technology is already at work in airports around the country like Orlando International Airport, where the program has been in operation since July. It has 12,000 subscribers who pay
42、 $79.95 for the convenience of submitting to iris scans rather than going through lengthy security checks.An iris scan is said to be more accurate than a fingerprint because it records 240 unique detailsfar When picking up a child, the adult provides a drivers license and then submits to an eye scan
43、. If the iris image camera recognizes his or her eyes, the door clicks open.5more than the seven to twenty-four details that are analyzed in fingerprints. The chances of being misidentified by an iris scan are about one in 1.2 million and just one in 1.44 trillion if you scan both eyes.Phil Meara, t
44、he Freehold District official, said that although it was expensive, the program would help schools across the country move into a new frontier in child protection. “This is all part of a larger emphasis, here in New Jersey, on school safety,” he said. “We chose this school because we were looking fo
45、r a typical slightly urban school to launch the system.”Meara applied for a $369,000 grant on behalf of the school district and had the eye scanners installed in two grammar schools and one middle school. So far, 300 of the nearly 1,500 individuals available to pick up a student from school have reg
46、istered for the eye scan system.59. Why does the Freehold Borough School District adopt the eye scan security system?A. To ensure the school safety and efficiency of picking up children.B. To encourage more students to register in New Jersey urban schools.C. To test the effectiveness of school secur
47、ity and management system.D. To collect the information of the children and their beloved parents.60. Whats the advantage of the eye scan system over fingerprints? A. Having many more subscribers throughout the country.B. Authorizing the adults to pick up children more flexibly. C. Attracting parent
48、s in a larger proportion to register for it. D. Making almost no mistakes in identifying the authorized. 61. How does Phil Meara help to protect the safety of children?A. By asking people to register with the security system.B. By applying for grant to install eye scanners in schools.C. By asking th
49、e department of justice to fund this program.D. By turning to Orlando International Airport for help.62. What is the best title of this passage? A. Parents Favor the Eye Scan System B. Security Management Needs Improving.C. High Technology Comes to School D. Iris Scanners are Invented in the Country.(C)Dusty Nash, an angelic-looking blond child of seven, awoke at 5 one recent morning in his Chicago home and began to
