1、5.2 Designing figures,150208521622 卢晓英 150208170403 魏 凯,Contents,Purpose Consideration Kinds and characteristics Attract attention Weaknesses Improvement Basic rules Examining,purpose,Design each figure around the point you want to get across most strongly.,help,determine the design elements you wan
2、t in the figure before going to the graphics package. avoid using default settings or template styles which do not meet your needs,Considerations,1.which variable needs to have the most prominent symbol or line. 2.whether you want to emphasize differences or similarities between elements 3.what scal
3、e, scale intervals, maximum and minimum values, and statistical representations are most meaningful.,Considerations,4.You should also be consistent with styles of figures throughout the article. 5.Shrink your figures to the standard size for the journal you intend to submit your manuscript to.,kinds
4、 and characteristics,1. Pie charts are effective at highlighting proportions of a total or whole.,kinds and characteristics,Column and bar charts are effective for comparing the values of different categories when they are independent of each other,kinds and characteristics,Line charts allow the dis
5、play of a sequence of variables in time or space or the display of other dependent relationships,kinds and characteristics,Radar charts are useful when categories are not directly comparable,Attract Attention, have 3:2 proportions; are boxed when there is relatively little ink in the figure; are unb
6、oxed if there are numerous lines, bars or columns.,Figures are most appealing to the eye when they,Weaknesses,1.The wrong figure type/ relationships between elements are not obvious 2.Weak descriptive titles 3.Data already shown in the text or tables 4.Cant emphasize the main results 5.Unnecessarily
7、 cluttered,Weaknesses,6.Axes are not labelled descriptively or are labelled with the jargon. 7.Unnecessarily values.8.Data categories are not sorted to show priorities or important relationships between elements or the design of related figures is not consistent enough to allow rapid appraisal.,impr
8、ovement,improvement,Other figures,1.Flow chart:demonstrate process 2.Apparatus:methodology 3.Photograph or spatial representation:documentary evidence,flow chart,Basic rules,1.highlight the most important information most prominently.2.be essential to telling and supporting the story with evidence.3
9、.be clear and consistent in style and do not duplicate data already presented.,Examining,. Is the overall picture or trend obvious in the way the data are presented? Could it have been made more prominent? . What comparisons between elements interest you, and does the presentation type and style make these comparisons easy?,Examining,. Are the necessary details of datasets presented to allow you to make calculations from the data? . Does the figure have any of the weaknesses described above and how do thesedetract from the telling of the story?,THANKS,
