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Fuel Cell Power Generators - A Guide For Implementation:燃料电池发电机-指南的实施.doc

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1、Page 1 of 43Fuel Cell Power Electrical Generators - Permitting Guide For Telecom ProvidersInstallation prior editions 2009, 2006, 2003 are still enforced)IFGC International Fuel Gas Code (2012 edition most recent; prior editions 2009, 2006, 2003 are still enforced)NFPA 30 Flammable and Combustible L

2、iquids Code (2012 edition)NFPA 54 National Fuel Gas Code (2012 edition)NFPA 55 Compressed Gases and Cryogenic Fluids Code (2013 edition; prior editions are still enforced)NFPA 70 National Electrical Code (2014 edition)NFPA 853 Installation of Stationary Fuel Cell Power Systems (2010 edition) 29CFR19

3、10 Occupational Health and Safety (OSHA)47CFR15 Federal Communication Commission (FCC)49CFR172 Department of Transportation (DOT)Other Referenced Documents for Compliance:ASME/ANSI B31.3 Process Piping ANSI/IEC 60529 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures ANSI Z21.21/CSA 6.5 Standard for Autom

4、atic Valves for Gas AppliancesWith Distributed Energy ResourcesASTM E 108 Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Roof Coverings IBC International Building CodeIMC International Mechanical CodeNFPA 2 Hydrogen Technologies Code (2011 edition)NFPA 24 Standard for the Installation of Private Fire Servi

5、ce Mains and Their AppurtenancesNFPA 80 Standard for Fire Doors and Other Opening ProtectivesNFPA 90A Standard for the Installation of Air-Conditioning and Ventilating Systems NFPA 101 Life Safety CodeNFPA 220 Standard Types of Building Construction NFPA 251 Standard Methods of Tests of Fire Resista

6、nce of Building Construction and MaterialsFuel Cell Power Electrical Generators - Implementation Guide For Telecom ProvidersPage 5 of 43 version: 5May2014ANSI/UL 991 Standard for Tests for Safety-Related Controls Employing Solid-State DevicesUL 429 Electrically Operated Valves UL 790 Standard Test M

7、ethods for Fire Tests of Roof CoveringsUL1741 Standard for Inverters, Converters, Controllers and Interconnection System Equipment for UseFuel cell power systems and their fuel supplies must meet a number of compliance requirements for safe and legal operation. Below is a detailed list of compliance

8、 requirements for the power system and fuel supplies, covering hydrogen gas (H2), liquid hydrogen, biogas (e.g.; methane methanol). This list is not intended to replace existing code; consult referenced standards for exact language and requirements.Order of Precedence for Code Compliance:1. Code of

9、Federal Regulations; specifically, OSHA (Title 29), FCC (Title 47), DOT (Title 49) 2. State government-approved safety these include the International Fire Code (IFC), International Fuel including NFPA, ASME, UL, etc.Codes 2009, 2006, 2003 are still enforced)IFGC International Fuel Gas Code (2012 ed

10、ition most recent; 2009, 2006, 2003 are still enforced)NFPA 30 Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code (2012 edition)NFPA 54 National Fuel Gas Code (2012 edition)NFPA 55 Compressed Gases and Cryogenic Fluids Code (2013 edition; prior editions are still enforced)NFPA 853 Installation of Stationary Fue

11、l Cell Power Systems (2010 edition) International Fire Code (IFC)- implementation by state governments:- enacted as state and/or local law, versions (released by date) adopted by each state (as of Oct 2013):IFC2012 - 2012 edition (most recent): CA, MS, SC, UT, WA, WY IFC2009 - 2009 edition: AL, AK,

12、ID, IL, IA, NC, OH, OK, OR, PA, SD, VA IFC2006 - 2006 edition: AZ, AR, CO, D.C., GA, IN, KS, KY, MN, NV, NJ, NY, TN, TXIFC2003 - 2003 edition: CT, NMInternational Fuel exposure time is reduced by 50% for every 3dB above 85dBA. Section 1.3 Noise Exposure Assessment (method for compliance) per ANSI St

13、andard Measurement of Occupational Noise Exposure S12.19-1996.OSHA limits the maximum noise (sound level) exposure in an occupational (workplace) environment.29CFR1910.95 Occupational noise exposureA-weighted sound level, slow response filter, permissible noise exposures are limited by level and dur

14、ation.Per Table G-16 Permissible Noise Exposures, the sound level is 90dBA over 8hrs (Table allows for higher levels for shorter durations, not to exceed 115dBA for 15 minutes or less).The following categories for compliance are used: Definitions Components 0.25 gpm/ft2 (10.2 L/min*m2) minimum spray

15、 density over all transformer surfaces. Container types e.g., gaseous hydrogen, liquid hydrogen, flammable gas (methane or other hydrogen-rich gas), and flammable liquids (methanol).1. Fuel supplies and fuel storage locations are defined by OSHA directives; the setback distances were derived from th

16、e 1969 edition of NFPA 50A - which was made obsolete and replaced by the NFPA as an updated NFPA 55.2. AHJs have the authority to chose compliance to NFPA 55 in place of default OSHA setback requirements if allowed by local code. 3. Local jurisdictions (state, county, township, borough, etc.) may (b

17、y legislation) adopt other safety standards as local code in place of OSHA directives. Federal law (OSHA, other Codes of Federal Regulations) are legally mandated unless other standards or codes are adopted by the state legislature.4. Each state or local agency within the state makes use of the Inte

18、rnational Code Council (ICC) international codes for fire safety (International Fire Code - IFC) and fuel this requires evaluation of prior editions to address compliance nation-wide. A list of ICC standards and the state propane, butane, etc.)2. Evaluation for transportation by road, train, airplan

19、e; does not include transportation by sea.These requirements are specific to the fuel, capacities, and methods of storage, and locationFuel:Flammable Gases - Hydrogen definition of terms: 29CFR1910.399)o “Class I, Division 1: Normally explosive and hazardousFuel Cell Power Electrical Generators - Im

20、plementation Guide For Telecom ProvidersPage 14 of 43 version: 5May2014(i) In which ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors may exist under normal operating conditions; or(ii) In which ignitable concentrations of such gases or vapors may exist frequently because of repair or maintenanc

21、e operations or because of leakage; or(iii) In which breakdown or faulty operation of equipment or processes might release ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors, and might also cause simultaneous failure of electric equipment.Note to the definition of “Class I, Division 1:” This clas

22、sification usually includes .all other locations where ignitable concentrations of flammable vapors or gases are likely to occur in the course of normal operations.“o “Class I, Division 2: Not normally present in an explosive concentration (but may accidently exist).(i) In which volatile flammable l

23、iquids or flammable gases are handled, processed, or used, but in which the hazardous liquids, vapors, or gases will normally be confined within closed containers or closed systems from which they can escape only in the event of accidental rupture or breakdown of such containers or systems, or as a

24、result of abnormal operation of equipment; or(ii) In which ignitable concentrations of gases or vapors are normally prevented by positive mechanical ventilation, and which might become hazardous through failure or abnormal operations of the ventilating equipment; or(iii) That is adjacent to a Class

25、I, Division 1 location, and to which ignitable concentrations of gases or vapors might occasionally be communicated unless such communication is prevented by adequate positive-pressure ventilation from a source of clean air, and effective safeguards against ventilation failure are provided.Note to t

26、he definition of “Class I, Division 2:” This classification usually includes locations where volatile flammable liquids or flammable gases or vapors are used, but which would become hazardous only in case of an accident or of some unusual operating condition. The quantity of flammable material that

27、might escape in case of accident, the adequacy of ventilating equipment, the total area involved, and the record of the industry or business with respect to explosions or fires are all factors that merit consideration in determining the classification and extent of each location.Piping without valve

28、s, checks, meters, and similar devices would not ordinarily introduce a hazardous condition even though used for flammable liquids or gases. Locations used for the storage of flammable liquids or liquefied or compressed gases in sealed containers would not normally be considered hazardous unless als

29、o subject to other hazardous conditions.Electrical conduits and their associated enclosures separated from process fluids by a single seal or barrier are classed as a Division 2 location if the outside of the conduit and enclosures is a nonhazardous location.“29CFR1910.101 Compressed gases (general

30、requirements). Container types o shall be located above ground; o not located beneath electric power lines; o not close to flammable liquid piping or other flammable gas piping; o and not higher than flammable liquid storage except where dikes, diversion curbs, grading, or separating solid walls are

31、 used to prevent accumulation of flammable liquids under the system.o The area within 15 feet of any hydrogen container shall be kept free of dry vegetation and combustible material. 29CFR1910.103(b)(5)- Capacity o 3,000-15,000 CF is limited to outdoors, in a separate building, or in a special room,

32、 o and allows 15,000 CF1. Building or structure- see NFPA 220 Standard Types of Building Construction (1969 ed.)a. Wood frame constructionb. Heavy timber, or ordinary constructionc. Fire-resistive constructiona. 10 ft.b. 0 ft.c. 0 ft.a. 25 ft.b. 10 ft.c. 0 ft.a. 50 ft.b. 25 ft.c. 0 ft.2. Wall openin

33、gs a. Not above any part of a systemb. Above any part of a systema. 10 ft.b. 25 ft.a. 10 ft.b. 25 ft.a. 10 ft.b. 25 ft.3. Flammable liquids above grounda. 0 to 1000 gallonsb. 1000 gallonsa. 10 ft.b. 25 ft.a. 25 ft.b. 50 ft.a. 25 ft.b. 50 ft.4. Flammable liquids below ground 1000 gallonsa. Tankb. Ven

34、t or fill opening of tanka. 20 ft.b. 25 ft.a. 20 ft.b. 25 ft.a. 20 ft.b. 25 ft.6. Flammable gas storage, High each manifolded hydrogen supply shall be legibly marked with the name “Hydrogen“ or a legend such as “This unit contains hydrogen“. 29CFR1910.103(b)(1)(i)(c)o The hydrogen storage location s

35、hall be permanently placarded as follows: “HYDROGEN - FLAMMABLE GAS - NO SMOKING - NO OPEN FLAMES“ or equivalent.29CFR1910.103(b)(1)(v)29CFR1910.103(c) Liquified hydrogen systems Location, Capacity, Siting, o not located beneath electric power lines; o not close to flammable liquid lines, flammable

36、gas lines, or lines carrying oxidizing materials; o and not higher than flammable liquid storage except where dikes, diversion curbs, grading, or separating solid walls are used to prevent accumulation of liquids within 50 feet of the liquefied hydrogen container.o Storage sites shall be fenced and

37、posted to prevent entrance by unauthorized personnel. 29CFR1910.103(c)(2)(i)o Adequate lighting shall be provided for nighttime transfer operation. 29CFR1910.103(c)(3)(i)(e)- Capacity 29CFR1910.103(c)(1)(iv)(a)(1)o Portable liquefied hydrogen containers complying with the U.S. Department of Transpor

38、tation Regulations shall be equipped with safety relief devices as required in the U.S. Department of Transportation Specifications and Regulations. o Safety relief devices shall be sized in accordance with the requirements of CGA Pamphlet S-1, Safety Relief Device Standards, Part 1, Compressed Gas

39、Cylinders and Part 2, Cargo and Portable Tank Containers. 29CFR1910.103(c)(1)(iv)(a)(2) Labeling IFC2009, IFC2006, IFC2003: Chapter 27 Components IFC2003 Section 105.6.9o An operational permit is required for the storage, use, or handling at normal temperature IFC2003 Section 105.6.11 o An operation

40、al permit is required to produce, store, transport on site, use, handle, or dispense cryogenic fluids in excess ofmore than 1 gallon inside building or 60 gallons outside building for flammable cryogenic fluid per Table 105.6.10. Location, Capacity, Siting, limit: Flammable Gas to 2000 ft3 and Liqui

41、fied Flammable Gas to 300 lbs per control area. note do Maximum quantities increased by 100% if stored in approved gas cabinet or storage cabinet; limit: Flammable Gas to 2000 ft3 and Liquified Flammable Gas to 300 lbs per control area. note eo If both an approved gas cabinet and approved sprinkler

42、system are used, the 100% increase in MAQ is applied accumulatively; limit: Flammable Gas to 4000 ft3 and Liquified Flammable Gas to 600 lbs per control area. note d clearly identified and indicated by a sign.Fuel Cell Power Electrical Generators - Implementation Guide For Telecom ProvidersPage 21 o

43、f 43 version: 5May2014o Approved leak detection and emergency shutoff or excess flow control required.- Pressure Relief Devices:o pressure relief devices sized and selected per CGA S-1.1, S-1.2, and S-1.3 or the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII. IFC2012 5303.3.2o “Pressure relief d

44、evices shall be arranged to discharge upward and unobstructed to the open air in such a manner as to prevent any impingement of escaping gas upon the container, adjacent structures or personnel. Exception: DOTn specification containers having an internal volume of 30 cubic feet (0.855 m3) or less.“

45、IFC2012 5303.3.4o pressure relief devices protected from freeze IFC2012 5303.3.5 Labeling clothes chute; chimney or gas vent; ventilating duct; dumbwaiter; or elevator shaft. o Piping shall not be concealed or covered by the surface of any wall, floor or ceiling.“ IFGC2012.704.1.2.3.1 o Valves, regu

46、lators and piping components shall be listed or approved for hydrogen service, shall be provided with access and shall be designed and constructed to withstand the maximum pressure to which such components will be subjected. IFGC2012.704.1.2.5- Joint construction:o “Joints in piping and tubing in hy

47、drogen service shall be listed as complying with ASME B31.3 to include the use of welded, brazed, flared, socket, slip and compression fittings. o Gaskets and sealants used in hydrogen service shall be listed as complying with ASME B31.3. o Threaded and flanged connections shall not be used in areas

48、 other than hydrogen cutoff rooms and outdoors.“ IFGC2012.704.1.2.4o “Brazing alloys shall have a melting point greater than 1,000F (538C).“ IFGC2012.704.1.2.4.1o “Mechanical joints shall maintain electrical continuity through the joint or a bonding jumper shall be installed around the joint.“ IFGC2

49、012.704.1.2.4.2- Indoor gas piping: o “Where piping other than stainless steel piping, stainless steel tubing or black steel is installed through holes or notches in wood studs, joists, rafters or similar members less than 11/2 inches (38 mm) from the nearest edge of the member, the pipe shall be protected by shield plates. Shield plates shall be a minimum of 1/16-inch-thick (1.6 mm) steel, shall cover the area of the pipe where the member is notched Fuel Cell Power Electrical Generators - Implementation Guide For

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