1、Passage 1(2018北京,A),A组 2014-2018年北京中考题组,五年中考,1.When did Roger have his birthday party? A.Last Wednesday. B.Last Thursday. C.Last Friday. D.Last Saturday. 2.Who went on a school field trip last week? A.Alan. B.Jessica. C.Sara. D.Richard. 3.Martin went to Atlanta to . A.speak at a conference B.organiz
2、e a party C.perform in a competition D.visit a university,答案 语篇解读 本文介绍了4个孩子在过去的某个时间做的一些事情,内容简单易懂。 1.D 细节理解题。根据Roger说的第二句“It was my 15th birthday last Saturday.”可知答 案。 2.B 细节理解题。根据Jessica说的第二句“My class were on a school field trip last week.”可 知答案。 3.C 细节理解题。由Martin说的第二句话“Last Thursday, my.went to Atl
3、anta to per- form.”可知答案。 长难句 He spoke at the conference about the charity work that he had done in the past few years. 他在会议上讲到了过去的几年他从事的慈善工作。 本句是主从复合句,主句主语是He,谓语动词是spoke,that he.是定语从句,用来修饰the charity work。 重点词汇 celebrate v.庆祝,庆贺;charity n.慈善,Passage 2(2018北京,B) A Beautiful Moment When I was in high
4、school, I worked part-time helping Dad sell fruits and vegetables at a market. One day, as I was preparing the fruits, a little boy came by with his mom and sister. He was about eight years old, and the girl, five or six. They were looking at the fruits in front of me. I heard the kids say to their
5、mom(in French),“Theyre good!” I knew it was French, because I can speak and understand it. Then I noticed how the mom was picking the fruits. At first I thought she was really looking at the fruits because she was facing them, but then I noticed how much she had to feel and smell each one as she pic
6、ked them out. And she often asked her son if it looked okay, but looked way above where his face was. Putting what I saw together, I was sure she was blind.,Both of the kids continued to help their mom pick out the fruits. The son made sure the fruits were,not obviously bad, and the daughter handed
7、them to her mom. The woman then felt each one and smiled, and the daughter would put them into their basket. The kids were smiling while helping their mom pick the fruits out. Their smile and gentle manner moved me in a way that never happened before. It was so beautiful to see such young kids so wi
8、llingly help. Most kids that age would be picking out candies or toys in a store for themselves, instead of helping their mom pick out fruits, as the two kids did. It was great to witness the moment, but not so great because I didnt tell the mom how beautiful her children were in their language. Thi
9、s is what I regret to this day. 1.The woman and her kids came to the market to buy . A.fruits B.vegetables C.candies D.toys 2.According to what he saw, the writer was sure the mother couldnt . A.speak B.see C.smell D.hear 3.The writer was moved because . A.the mother was brave to face her problems B
10、.the kids were polite and kind to each other C.the mother was careful in picking out things D.the kids were so willing to help their mother,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过描述一对小兄妹帮助他们的妈妈挑选水果的过 程,让读者感受到了他们之间感人至深的亲情,体现了人间的真情。 1.A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“They were looking at the fruits in front of me.”可 知答案。 2.B 细节理解题。根据
11、文章第二段的最后一句中的“I was sure she was blind”可知答案。 3.D 细节理解题。第四段第二句“It was so beautiful to see such young kids so willingly help.”中的willingly表示“心甘情愿地”,与D选项中的willing to help their mother 表达相同的 意思,故选择D。 长难句 .but then I noticed how much she had to feel and smell each one as she picked them out. 但后来我才注意到当她挑选水果
12、的时候,她不得不使劲摸并且闻一闻每个水果。 noticed后为宾语从句。从句中含有as引导的时间状语从句,表示“当时候”。 重点词汇 pick out精心挑选;regret v.后悔;witness v.见证,当场看到 词汇积累 continue v.继续;obviously adv.明显地,显而易见地,Passage 3(2018北京,C) Some primary schoolchildren have been raised in homes with more green space around. They are likely to come with larger volumes
13、 of white and grey matter in certain areas of the brain. These dif- ferences are associated(关联) with beneficial effects on cognitive function (认知功能). This is the main conclusion of a study led by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health. The study was performed among 253 schoolchildren in Spain. Li
14、felong exposure(接触) to green space in the living places was recordedusing the information on the childrens addresses from birth up through to the time of the study. Brain structure was studied using 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Working memory and inattentiveness(注意力不集中)were graded with compu
15、t- ers. “This is the first study that shows the association between long-term exposure to green space and brain structure,” says Dr. Payam Dadvand, the leading researcher of the study. “Our findings suggest that exposure to green space early in life could result in beneficial structural changes in t
16、he brain.”,The findings show that long-term exposure to greenness is positively associated with white and,grey matter volumes in several parts of the brain. Some of them are related to higher scores on cognitive tests. Moreover, larger volumes of white and grey matter in those parts might lead to be
17、t- ter working memory and less inattentiveness. Exposure to nature has been thought to be necessary for brain development in children. Another study of 2,593 children shows that children in schools with more green space have a greater in- crease in working memory and a greater decrease in inattentiv
18、eness. Humans are believed to be tied to nature. Playing in greener areas offers children opportunities to search and learn. Accordingly, green space is thought to prompt important exercises in discovery, creativity and risk taking. These exercises in turn positively influence brain development. Dr.
19、 Dadvands study suggests how such structural changes could bring about the beneficial effects of green space on cognitive development. It also adds to the proof that suggests the lasting effects of early life exposure to greenness on our health and the benefits of increasing greenness in cities. Fur
20、ther studies are needed to prove the findings in other populations, settings and climates. And re- searchers need to examine differences according to the nature and quality of green space.,1.The second paragraph is mainly about . A.how the study was performed B.what was recorded in the study C.how l
21、ong the study lasted D.who took part in the study 2.The word “prompt” in Paragraph 6 probably means “ ”. A.control B.encourage C.balance D.change 3.What can we learn from the passage? A.Working memory influences white and grey matter in the brain. B.Dr. Dadvand stressed the importance of changing th
22、e environment. C.Studies proved the influence of greenness on populations out of Spain. D.Living in greener neighborhoods benefits children in brain development.,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇科学报告类文章,通过对一项研究的介绍,论证了绿地对于人的发展 的重要性,凸显了生态文明建设的必要性。 1.A 主旨大意题。考生回答主旨大意题时,要抓住段落中心句,第二段中心句即第一句“The study was performed among 253
23、 schoolchildren in Spain.”,再根据其他选项的内容都是属于这 项研究的一个部分,不能起到概括全段的作用,可知选A。 2.B 词义猜测题。考生要联系上下文进行猜测理解。此题根据本段第二句“Playing in greener areas offers children opportunities to search and learn.”以及prompt之后的“important exercises in discovery,creativity and risk taking”可知“绿地对孩子发展的积极意义”,故 选B。 3.D 推理判断题。考生应该根据选项中的关键词返
24、回到原文的相应位置进行判断。从第四 段的倒数第一句话可以得知A选项错误。从第七段的第一句得知Dr. Dadvand强调结构性的 改变会使绿地产生有益的影响,从而影响认知发展,B错误。C选项以偏概全,片面强调。故选 择D。,长难句 The findings show that long-term exposure to greenness is positively associated with white and grey matter volumes in several parts of the brain.研究结果表明,长期接触绿色与大脑 若干部位的白质和灰质体积呈正相关。 本句是主从
25、复合句。主句主语是The findings,谓语动词是show,that引导宾语从句。 重点词汇 raise v.提升,养育,增加;beneficial adj.有益的;be related to 与有关联;opportunity n.机会,机遇 词汇积累 be associated with 与有关系 Passage 4(2018北京,D) We often reach a point in our life when we should be ready for change that will help us unlock our self-improvement power. Howe
26、ver, theres always something staring at us right under our nose but we dont see it. The only time we think of unlocking our self-improvement power is when every- thing gets worst. When do we realize that we need to change diets? When none of our shirts and jeans would fit us. When do we stop eating
27、candies and chocolates? When all of our teeth have fallen off. When do,we realize that we need to stop smoking? When our lungs have gone bad. We see the warning signs and signals when things get rough and difficult. The only time most of us ever learn about unlocking our self-improvement power is wh
28、en the whole world is falling apart. We think and feel this way because it is not easy to change, but change becomes more painful when we ignore(忽视) it. Change will happen, like it or hate it. At one point or another, we are all going to finally unlock our self-improvement power not because the worl
29、d says so, but because we realize its for our own good. Happy people dont just accept change; they embrace (拥抱)it. Unlocking our self-improvement power means unlocking ourselves out of the box of thought that is just the way we are. It is such a poor excuse for people who fear change. Jane always te
30、lls everyone that she doesnt have the courage to be around groups of people. She heard her family tell the same things about her to other people. Over the years, that is what Jane has believed. Every time a great crowd come, she steps back and locks herself up in a room. Jane,not only believes in he
31、r story, but lives it! Self-improvement may not be everybodys favorite word, but if we look at things in a different way, we might have greater chances of enjoying the whole process instead of counting the days un- til we are fully improved. Three sessions in a week at the gym would result in a heal
32、thier life. Reading books every day would build up knowledge. And only when we are enjoying the whole process of unlocking our self-improvement power will we realize that were beginning to take things light and become happy. 1.The writer mentions the three questions in Paragraph 2 to show that . A.w
33、e learn our lessons when we experience pain B.we are responsible for the problems we meet C.life fails us when we get into the wrong way D.life is a long journey full of ups and downs 2.What is the key to solving Janes problem? A.She needs to remember why she started.,B.She has to know how to get on
34、 with people. C.She has to realize she is not what she is in her story. D.She needs to understand the importance of confidence. 3.The writer probably agrees that . A.the world tells us how to improve ourselves B.people change when they find it easy to do that C.welcoming change in life is a drive to
35、 become better D.enjoying the process of self-improvement makes life simpler 4.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A.Is it important to take things light? B.Is it necessary to embrace challenges? C.To hold on to the last moment or to give up? D.To free ourselves out of th
36、e box or to stay in it?,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文,作者通过对生活中一些现象的描述,表达了对在生活中的自 我提升与改变的积极态度,同时也鼓励人们以乐观的态度面对生活中的动态变化。 1.A 推理判断题。通过第二段每个问题后的答句可以总结归纳出只有我们在生活中真正得 到教训了,我们才会做出一些改变。A选项表达的意思是当我们经历了痛苦,我们就吸取了经 验教训。故选择A。 2.C 推理判断题。根据文章第六段最后一句话“Jane not only believes in her story, but lives it!”可知只有C选项表达正确。 3.C 推理判断题。A选项“
37、the world tells us how to improve ourselves”与文章第四段表达的 意思不相符。B选项“people change when they find it easy to do that”中的“easy”表达的意 思与文章不符。D选项表达的意思与第七段的最后一句话不符。C选项表达的意思“乐于接 受在生活中的改变是变得更好的驱动力”与原文一致,故选C。 4.D 主旨大意题。通过对文章的整体理解,A、B、C三个选项只说明了文章的一部分内容。 D选项概括了全文的意思,也符合作者要表达的观点,故选择D。,长难句 We often reach a point in o
38、ur life when we should be ready for change that will help us unlock our self-improvement power.我们在生活中经常会达到这样一个时刻,那就是我们应该 准备好迎接改变,这将帮助我们释放自我提升的力量。 该句是主从复合句,句中when引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词point。从句中还包含了一个以 that作为关系代词的定语从句。 重点词汇 realize v.实现,意识到;ignore v.忽视;embrace v.拥抱;instead of 代替,而不是 词汇积累 fall off 脱落;result in
39、 导致,致使,1.You can join in the programs at the Postal Museum any day . A.from July 17 to 23 B.from July 29 to 30 C.from August 7 to 20 D.from August 21 to 27,Passage 5(2017北京,A) Summer Programs at Museums,2.If you are interested in the program about video arts, you can phone . A.965-0400 B.654-0930 C.
40、357-3030 D.272-0560 3.A 15-year-old student can take part in the programs at . A.the Building Museum B.the Postal Museum C.the Air and Space Museum D.the Science Museum 4.In the Air and Space Museum, you can . A.create a stamp B.build a house C.make a paper airplane D.explore a future city,答案 语篇解读 本
41、文为应用文,介绍了四个博物馆的暑期项目。 1.A 细节理解题。通过“The Postal Museum”中的“Date: July 1723”可知正确答案 为A。 2.C 细节理解题。通过关键信息“video arts”找到“The Science Museum”中的“Tel: 357- 3030”,故正确答案为C。 3.A 细节理解题。只有“The Building Museum”中的“Age:1315”符合题目要求,故正确 答案为A。 4.C 细节理解题。通过“The Air and Space Museum”中的“Its a good place to make and fly your
42、 own paper airplane”可知正确答案为C。 高级语块 design challenges 设计挑战 长难句 Its a good place to make and fly your own paper airplane, watch an IMAX movie, and climb into a real airplane.它是一个制作和放飞你自己的纸飞机、观看巨幕电影、爬上一架真 正的飞机的好地方。 本句中三个并列的不定式短语作place的后置定语。,Passage 6(2017北京,B) The Sixth Time I Went to the Principals Of
43、fice When I was in the seventh grade, I had problems behaving. My heart was in the right place, but I couldnt always follow the rules. I played many tricks on my schoolmates. Once, I even pulled a girls hair on the school bus to get her attention. As a result, I was repeatedly sent to the office of
44、the principal(校长). Although I hated going there, I did not hate the principal, Mr. Ratcliff. Mr. Ratcliff was a kind, elderly man. When he spanked(打屁股)me for putting some ants into a classmates pencil box, it didnt hurt at all, but it did hurt my feelings. I thought so much of him and moments like t
45、hat seemed to prove I was hopelessly bad.,When I got called to Mr. Ratcliffs office for the sixth time, I had no idea what I had done. I felt disappointed as I walked down there. I went into his office, sat down, and looked at the floor. Then he said the last thing I expected to hear:“Kevin, Ive hea
46、rd youve been behaving really well lately. I want you to know how proud I am of you, and I just called you down to my office to give you a peppermint.” “Really?”I was surprised. “Yes. Now you can take that peppermint and go back to class.” I carried the peppermint with me as if it was a gold coin. W
47、hen I got into my classroom, I bragged (吹嘘)to my classmates about my turnaround, excitedly. I wasnt so bad after all. Mr. Ratcliff was really kind. He made me realize that I was just a kid who had problems with be- havior. He bought some peppermints and took the time to notice me when I got somethin
48、gany- thingright. Mr. Ratcliff gave me some hope by giving me some love. I will just remember him for the rest of my life.,1.In his seventh grade, the writer . A.hated the principal B.had problems behaving C.always followed the rules D.often helped his classmates 2.How did the writer feel when he we
49、nt to the principals office for the sixth time? A.Lonely. B.Excited. C.Confident. D.Disappointed. 3.The sixth time the writer went to the principals office, he got . A.a peppermint B.a model bus C.a pencil box D.a coin 4.The writer will always remember Mr. Ratcliff, because the principal . A.talked
50、with him in the office B.played games with him C.expected him to be a teacher D.gave him some hope and love,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了主人公在校长的鼓励下,重获希望和勇气,改变自我的 故事。 1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“When I was in the seventh grade, I had problems be- having.”可知正确答案为B。 2.D 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句和第二句可知当作者第六次被叫到Ratcliff先生的办公 室的时候,作者
51、感到特别沮丧,故正确答案为D。 3.A 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“I just called you down to my office to give you a peppermint”可知,作者得到的是一颗薄荷糖,故正确答案为A。 4.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“Mr. Ratcliff gave me some hope by giving me some love.”可知正确答案为D。 高级语块 play tricks on捉弄 think much of重视;尊重 长难句 I thought so much of him and moments like that seemed to prove I was hopelessly bad. 我对他如此尊重,而像那样的时刻似乎证明我无可救药了。,
