1、1994 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I: Structure and VocabularyPart ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B), C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the bracke
2、ts. (5 points)1. By the time you arrive in London, we _ in Europe for two weeks.A shall stay B have stayedC will have stayedD have been staying2. I appreciated _ the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.A having been givenB having givenC to have been givenD to have given3. Living in the central
3、 Australian desert has its problems, _ obtaining water is not the least.A of whichB for whatC asD whose4. The heart is _ intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain.A not soB not muchC much moreD no more5. _ the fact that his initial experiments had failed, Prof. White pe
4、rsisted in his research.A Because ofB As toC In spite ofD In view of6. Jean Wagners most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it _ in religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.A is to be analyzedB has been analyzedC be analyzedD should have been a
5、nalyzed7. The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, _ all practical value by the time they finished.A could loseB would have lostC might loseD ought to have lost8. No bread eaten by man is so sweet as _ earned by his own labour.A oneB thatC suchD what9. It isnt cold enough f
6、or there _ a frost tonight, so I can leave Jims car out quite safely.A would beB beingC wasD to be10. Scientists generally agree that the Earths climate will warm up over the next 50 to 100 years _ it has warmed in the 20,000 years since the Ice Age.A as long asB as much asC as soon asD as well asPa
7、rt BDirections:Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (5 points)11. Similar elements in the prehistoric remain
8、s A from both areas suggest B that Indians and their neighbours had maintained C distant but real connections ever D before 1500 B. C.12. It soon became obviously A that instead of being trained B to sing she would C be trained as D the astronomers assistant.13. He also conceived A that the solar sy
9、stem and the universe would come B into existence by C a natural process and would disappear D one day.14. The moon has a mass that is nearly one hundred times less A than the earth B; in consequence C,the force of D gravity at the moons surface is only one-sixth of that at the earths surface.15. “T
10、he Bunsen burner is so A named because it is thought B to be invented C by Robert Bunsen, who was German by D birth.16. Much although A I have traveled, I have never seen anyone to equal B her in thoroughness, whatever C the job D.17. The weeds A and tall grass in that yard makes B the house look C
11、as if it had been vacant D for quite some time.18. If only A the nature of the aging process is B better understood, the possibility of discovering C a medicine that can block the fundamental process of aging seems D very remote.19. When I consider how talented he is A as a painter B, I cannot help
12、but believing C that the public D will appreciate his gift.20. Allen has stated A that he has always had B a great interest C and admiration for D the work of the British economist Keynes.Part CDirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose th
13、e one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)21. Please do not be _ by his bad manners since he is merely trying to attract attention.A disregardedB distortedC irritatedD intervened22. Crai
14、g assured his boss that he would _ all his energies in doing this new job.A call forthB call atC call onD call off23. Too much _ to X-rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body.A disclosureB exhibitionC contactD exposure24. When confronted with such questions, my mind goes _, and
15、I can hardly remember my own date of birth.A dimB blankC faintD vain25. It is well known that knowledge is the _ condition for expansion of mind.A incompatibleB incredibleC indefiniteD indispensable26. More than two hundred years ago the United States _ from the British Empire and become an independ
16、ent country.A got offB pulled downC broke awayD attached to27. Care should be taken to decrease the length of time that one is _ loud continuous noise.A subjected toB filled withC associated withD dropped off28. Some of the most important concepts in physics _ their success to these mathematical sys
17、tems.A obligeB oweC contributeD attribute29. As your instructor advised, you ought to spend your time on something _ researching into.A preciousB worthC worthyD valuable30. As a defense against air-pollution damage, many plants and animals _ a substance to absorb harmful chemicals.A relieveB release
18、C dismissD discard31. Without the friction between their feet and the ground, people would _ be able to walk.A in no timeB by all meansC in no wayD on any account32. While typing, Helen has a habit of stopping _ to give her long and flowing hair a smooth.A occasionallyB simultaneouslyC eventuallyD p
19、romptly33. One reason for the successes of Asian immigrants in the U.S. is that they have taken great _ to educate their children.A effortsB painsC attemptsD endeavours34. If any man here does not agree with me, he should _ his own plan for improving the living conditions of these people.A put onB p
20、ut outC put inD put forward35. I support your decision, but I should also make it clear that I am not going to be _ to it.A connectedB fastenedC boundD stuck36. The English language contains a(n) _ of words which are comparative seldom used in ordinary conversation.A altitudeB latitudeC multitudeD a
21、ttitude37. In my opinion, you can widen the _ of these improvements through your active participation.A dimensionB volumeC magnitudeD scope38. Your improper words will give _ to doubts concerning your true intentions.A riseB reasonC suspicionD impulse39. The news item about the fire is followed by a
22、 detailed report made _.A on the spotB on the siteC on the locationD on the ground40. The remarkable _ of life on the Galopagos Islands inspired Charles Darwin to establish his theory of evolution.A classificationB varietyC densityD diversionSection II: Cloze TestDirections:For each numbered blank i
23、n following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)The first and smallest unit that can be discussed in relation to language is the word. In spea
24、king, the choice of words is _41_ the utmost importance. Proper selection will eliminate one source of _42_ breakdown in the communication cycle. Too often, careless use of words _43_ a meeting of the minds of the speaker and listener. The words used by the speaker may _44_ unfavorable reactions in
25、the listener _45_ interfere with his comprehension; hence, the transmission-reception system breaks down._46_, inaccurate or indefinite words may make _47_ difficult for the listener to understand the _48_ which is being transmitted to him. The speaker who does not have specific words in his working
26、 vocabulary may be _49_ to explain or describe in a _50_ that can be understood by his listeners.41. A ofB atC forD on42. A inaccessibleB timelyC likelyD invalid43. A encouragesB preventsC destroysD offers44. A pass outB take awayC back upD stir up45. A whoB asC whichD what46. A MoreoverB HoweverC P
27、reliminarilyD Unexpectedly47. A thatB ItC soD this48. A speechB senseC messageD meaning49. A obscureB difficultC impossibleD unable50. A caseB meansC methodD waySection III: Reading ComprehensionDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four ans
28、wers marked A, B, C and D. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points)Text 1The American economic system is organized around a basically priv
29、ate-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. Private businessmen, striving to make profits, produce these goods and services in competition with other b
30、usinessmen; and the profit motive, operating under competitive pressures, largely determines how these goods and services are produced. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individ
31、uals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers. In the American economy, this mechanism
32、is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall in response to relative demands of consumers and supplies offered by seller-producers. If the product is in short supply relative to the demand, the price will be bid up and some consumers will be eliminated from the market. If,
33、on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. Thus, price is the regulating mechanism in the American economic system.T
34、he important factor in a private-enterprise economy is that individuals are allowed to own productive resources (private property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit. In the American economy, the concept of
35、private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.51. In Line 11, Paragraph 1, “the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes” mean
36、s _.A Americans are never satisfied with their incomesB Americans tend to overstate their incomesC Americans want to have their incomes increasedD Americans want to increase the purchasing power of their incomes52. The first two sentences in the second paragraph tell us that _.A producers can satisf
37、y the consumers by mechanized productionB consumers can express their demands through producersC producers decide the prices of productsD supply and demand regulate prices53. According to the passage, a private-enterprise economy is characterized by _.A private property and rights concernedB manpowe
38、r and natural resources controlC ownership of productive resourcesD free contracts and prices54. The passage is mainly about _.A how American goods are producedB how American consumers buy their goodsC how American economic system worksD how American businessmen make their profitsText 2One hundred a
39、nd thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read au
40、tomatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the “cashless society” is not on the horizon - its already here.While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for selle
41、rs too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and to whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving
42、. Decisions to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promoti
43、onal campaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for similar reasons. Computer-analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the
44、production process itself.Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.55. According to the passage, the credit card enables its owne
45、r to _.A withdraw as much money from the bank as he wishesB obtain more convenient services than other people doC enjoy greater trust from the storekeeperD cash money wherever he wishes to56. From the last sentence of the first paragraph we learn that _.A in the future all the Americans will use cre
46、dit cardsB credit cards are mainly used in the United States todayC nowadays many Americans do not pay in cashD it is now more convenient to use credit cards than before57. The phrase “ring up sales” (Line 3, Para. 2) most probably means “_”.A make an order of goodsB record sales on a cash registerC
47、 call the sales managerD keep track of the goods in stock58. What is this passage mainly about?A Approaches to the commercial use of computers.B Conveniences brought about by computers in business.C Significance of automation in commercial enterprises.D Advantages of credit cards in business.Text 3Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age. For these children to d
