1、1,English around the world,Book1 Unit 2,2,1) 标准时间 2) 两本这样的书 3) 至今 4) 挤(出去) 5) 做某事最快的方法6) 讲英语的当地人 7) 打算干某事 8)在16世纪末,1) standard time 2) two such books 3) to this day 4) push ones way 5) the quickest way to do sth.the quickest way of doing sth. 6) the native speakers of English 7) mean to do sth. 8) a
2、t the end of the 16th century,gradually by degrees 逐渐地, Worlds and Phrases,3,1. more than one +名词单数 谓语动词用单数.Do you know that there is more than one kind of English in the world?More than one student wants to go to swim.more than +名词 多于，不仅Both of them are much more than schoolmates, they are close fr
3、iends.more than +数词 以上I have known her for more than 20 years.more than +形容词 很，非常In doing scientific experiments, we must be more than careful with the instruments. 对仪器一定要很小心,4,more A than B 是A而不是B，与其说 B不如说 AHearing the loud noise, the boy was more surprised than frightened. (感到吃惊而不害怕)He is more a f
4、riend than a teacher. 与其说他一个老师还不如说他一个朋友.He is more lazy than stupid. 不是愚蠢是懒惰.,2. inway (s)/bymeans 在方面In some important ways they are very different from one another.We should solve this problem in a different way.=We should solve this problem by a different means.,中间接相同成分,5,3. almost 强调程度上相差很少，相当于
5、very nearly1)常用在any,any的合成词(anything ,anyone) 及 not, no, no的合成词(nothing,nobody)never, none 等否定词前. Almost any man can do it. There is almost none left. 2)用于too, more than 前Thats almost too much. 这简直太过分了.3)修饰表示感觉或心理的动词、形容词I almost think that you are right. 我不完全相信你是对的.nearly 强调时间、空间、数量上接近1)常用在not, very
6、, pretty之后Thats not nearly so serious as you think.,6,2)用在具体数字之前The husand is nearly twice as old as his wife.almost nearly 可互换场合1) 在肯定句中He is nearly (almost)80 years old2)修饰all, every, always 时Nearly(almost) all of them lived in England 3)在行为动词的否定式前He almost(nearly) didnt hear what I said.,4. tell
7、A from B 区分Can you tell Tom from his twin brother?,7,5. than ever before 比以往任何时候更副词 ever 与比较级和最高级连用, 用来加强语气.Youll speak English much better than ever before.Jane looks much prettier than ever before.,6. even if =even though 即使,尽管 引导让步状语从句, 但引导的从句一般不用将来时. (=though, although)Native English speakers ca
8、n understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.Even if it rains tomorrow, we will leave for Beijing.Even if it is raining today ,I will go home because I havent been home for a long time.,8,if 引导条件状语从句Even if I had money, I wouldnt buy it.If I had money, I would buy it. as
9、if = as though 似乎 引导方式状语从句It looks as if it is going to rain.When talking to a friend over the telephone, you feel that you are close _ the actual distance is not shortened.A. but B. even if C. so D. because,7. believe it or not 信不信由你 作插入语.Believe it or not, theres no such a thing as standard Englis
10、h.Believe it or not, all the people present have agreed to the plan. 在场的人都同意这个计划.,9,8. although 尽管 1)常置于句首2) 引导的从句不能倒装 though 尽管 1) 放于句中，不能置于句首2)引导的从句可以倒装3)可作副词 “还是，仍然”，置于句末. although无此用法.He didnt tell me what he had done, but I know it though.让步状语从句用虚拟语气时常用even if, enven though (其所接从句常用虚拟语气),不用 tho
11、ugh, although.,10,9. come up 走上来, 走近; 发芽; 被提出; 升起 A child came up to me and showed me the way to the station. Would you please come up to my flat for a visit?The sun comes up in the east. New shoots of bamboo will come up from around the roots of the old ones.Your question came up at the meeting. (没
12、有被动形式)We came up with the problem in the meeting. 提出问题come about 发生How did it come about that he knew where we were?他是怎么知道我们在那里？,it:形式主语, that从句:真正主语,11,come across 偶然遇到，碰到 Perhaps I shall come across her in France. come around/round 苏醒, 复原, 改变主意 She came around to my point of view. 她同意了我的观点 come ou
13、t 出现, 出版, 发表 结果是 The maganize comes out every month. She came out first in the examination. come up with 提出，提供 The doctor came up with a cure for the disease.,12,10. over 贯穿, 经过(一段时间) So why has English changed over time?那么, 在一段时间时里英语为什么会变化呢？Over the years, he has become more patient. 经过这些年, 他变得更有耐心
14、。Will you stay at home over Christmas? 圣诞节你在家吗？over 超过 (=more than),11. contain 含有, 装着 指某物包含的内容或成分include 包括, 包含 作为整体的一部分或要素The basket contains a variety of fruits.The tour includes a visit to Paris.,13,12. be based sth. on/upon sth 以为基础 It was based more on German than the English we speak at prese
15、nt. 当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础, 而天我们说的英语不是。This film is based on a novel by D. H. Lawrence. 这部电影是基于D. H. Lawrence的一部小说 制作的.,13. actually / in fact / as a matter of fact 事实上,实际上Actually, all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. I knew it long time ago, as a matter of
16、fact.,定语从句，省略了that,先行词,14,14. present adj. 当前的, 现在的,出席的, 在场的Can you tell us something about the present situation?Our teacher was present at the meeting.All the people present here agree to my plan. 同意我的计划n. 目前, 现在; 礼物What present did you receive from your parents?at present now, at this time/moment
17、 =at the present timeShes busy at present and cant speak to you. vt. 赠与, 给, 提出present sb with sth present sth to sb. 把交给, 赠送Mother presented a gift to me just now.On his birthday, his friends presented him with a series of books. 14,15,in the present situation 在目前形势下be present at 出席，在场,15. agree to
18、sth. 同意某事The sutdents have agreed to the new method.agree to do sth. 同意做某事They agreed to come on Monday.agree on /upon sth. 对.达成协议, 对.取得一致意见They have agree on the date for the next meeting.agree with 同意.的意见; 与.一致; 对.适合I agree with your views on the matter.The clothes of this colour dont agree with y
19、ou. 不 适合你,16,16. make good use of make full use of 充分利用(使用)He made use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.make no use of sth. 没有利用 Every minute should be made good use of. She makes use of people she meets as heroes for her novel.be made of 由制成 能看出原材料be made from 由制成 看不出原材料make up 编造, 化装be made
20、up of 由组成/构成；make up for 弥补, 补偿make ones mind 下决心make out 理解, (勉强)辨认出,17,make into 制成 make it 成功,17. the number of .的数目 接可数名词复数, 其后谓 语动词用单数。The number of undergraduates has increased over the years.a number of 许多, 大量 接可数名词复数, 其后谓 语动词用复数。(a great number of /a large number of /a small number of )A num
21、ber of teachers are on leave.The number of people invited _fifty, but a number ofthem _ absent for different reasons. A. Were, was B. was, was C. was, were D. were, were,18,只修饰可数名词:a large/ great/ good number of , a good/ great many dozens of , scores of , quite a few 只能修饰不可数名词：a great deal of , a l
22、arge amount of, quite a little a large sum of 既可修饰可数也可修饰不可数名词的：plenty of, a lot of , lots of, a large quantity of,19,18. such as 列举同类人或事物中的几个例子,且所列举 事物的数量不能等于它前面所提到的总和, 一旦相等就要用 that is 或namely.I have three good friends, such as John, Jack and Tom.He can speak four languages, such as English and Fren
23、ch.for example 举例说明某一论点或情况, 一般只举同 类人或物中的 “一个” 为例, 作插入语,可位于句首, 句中或 句尾, 其后的例子可以是句子.Ball games, for example, have spread around the world.There are many kinds of pollution. Noise, for example, is akind of pollution.,20,Students, such as Tom and Mary, should be learnt from.He knows six languages, namely
24、 Chinese, French, English, Spanish, Russian and Portuguese.,19.such 1)当such与a, an连用时, such放在a, an前面. John is such a clever boy.2)当such与all, no, one, some, any等连用时, such放在其后. One such dictionary is enough.3)当名词前有few, little, much, many修饰时, 只能用so饰, 不能用such.There are so many good books.,21,20. on a sta
25、ndard 根据某一标准meet standard 符合标准standard of living 生活水平The mountains are not high world standard.A. by B. at C. to D. on,21.especially 尤其, 表达事物不寻常或特别重要specially 专门(指专为某一目的) Our garden is beautiful, especially in autumn.I came here specially to see you. America English has many dialects, especially the
26、 midwestern, southern, African American and Spanish dialects.,22,22. play a part in 在中扮演角色, 在中起作用,参加She played an active part in the party. 积极参加She play a leading part in the play. 主角Her suggestions play a very important part in our decision-making. 重要作用play a role /part in 在中起作用, 在中扮演角色English play
27、s an important role as a first or second language.play a role /part in doing sth. 在做中起作用Monitor plays an important role/ part in managing a class.take part in 参加,23,23. recognize vt. 辨认, 认出 (pick out) 原来很熟悉, 经过 一段时间或别的原因后又重新认出来。Although many America move a lot, they still recognize each others diale
28、cts.I recognized her by her long hair. recognize as . 把认作 Drugs were not recognized as a problem then. I recognize him as a clever man.recognize . to be 承认是They recognized him to be a great leader.,经常搬家,24,24. close to 相近, 靠近It became closer to the language you are learning now. Come close to me. I
29、looked into the matter closely. adv.紧密地,密切地be close to 靠近 表状态Our house is close to the bus stop.get close to 靠近 表动作The cat got close to the rat silently,25,2. However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak. the way 后面接定语从句时, 关系代词用that/in which或不 用关系代词. 在方面，以方式I did it
30、 in the way that/in which/不填 you taught me.I dont like _ you speak to her.A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which, Sentences 1.Theres no such person / thing as sb./sth. 没有这样的人或物 表示某人或某物并不存在. There is no such thing as a free lunch.,在说话(方面)的差异,按你教我的方式做,26,3.The reporters agr
31、eed to switch roles for once and be interviewees rather than interviewers.1) for once =for this once=this once=just for once 就这一次2)interviewee n. 被采访者, 被接见者 interviewer n. 采访者, 接见者3) A rather than B 是A 而不是B 并列连词，连接两个相同的成分.连接的主要成分有以下几种. (1)名词What attracted him is her personality rather than her beaut
32、y. (2)形容The color seems green rather than blue.,27,(3)谓语动词He ran rather than walked to the school.(4)不定式、-ing 或-ed形式I come here to help you rather than to harm you. (5)介词短语 Victory is awarded to the team rather than to an individual. (6)分句We should know what he meant rather than what he said. 是他的意思是
33、什么，而不是他说什么注意: rather than连接两个主语时,谓语动词的数与前面主语的数相一致。Jean, rather than her brothers, is to meet her parents. 27,28,4. The media can often help solve problems and draw attention to situations where help is needed. 引起人们对需要帮助的情况的注意。1) draw ones attention to sth/sb 引起某人对的注意=attract ones attention to sth/sb She drew my attention to a mistake in my homework. 她要我注意作业中的一处错误。pay attention to +宾格/名词/动名词 注意.，关心.2)where引导定语从句,修饰situation .Can you think of a situation where this phrase can be used? 你能想出使用这一短语的情景吗?,
