1、杭州绿城育华学校 Unit2: English around the world Level-B by ZHXWarming-up1. Do you know that there is more than one kind of English? In some important ways they are very different from one another. They are called world Englishes. Look at these examples. Can you understand the different kinds of English the
2、se people are using? 2. Guess which of the following words is British English and which is American English. elevator/lift in a team / on a team rubber / eraser petrol/ gas Pre-reading1. With your partner, list the countries that use English as an official language. 2. Which country do you think has
3、 the most English learners? 3. Look at the title of the following passage and guess what it is about. Then read it quickly and see if you are right. ReadingThe road to modern EnglishAt the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England.
4、 Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.Native English speakers can underst
5、and each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English. Look at this example:British Betty: Would you like to see my flat?American Amy: Yes. Id like to come up to your apartment.So why has English changed over time? Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicat
6、e with each other. At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who
7、ruled England spoke first Danish and later 杭州绿城育华学校 Unit2: English around the world Level-B by ZHXFrench. These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British sett
8、lers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too. English began to be spoken in both countries. Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: First Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary a
9、nd later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language. The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling. English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Brita
10、in ruled India from 1765 to 1947. During that time English became the language for government and education. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. In fact, China may h
11、ave the largest number of English learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell. Comprehending1. Read the passage carefully and decide whether the statements are true or false and explain why. 1. English had the most speakers in the 17th century. 2. English developed w
12、hen new settlers and rulers came to Britain. 3. Languages frequently change. 4. The language of the government is always the language of the country. 5. English is one of the official languages used in India. 6. This reading describes the development of the English language. 2. Make a timeline of th
13、e development of English, using the passage to help you. During the 5th century AD: English was based more on German.Between about AD 800 and 11503. In pairs discuss these questions. 1. Why do you think people all over the world want to learn English? 2. Why do yon think more people in the world now
14、 want to learn Chinese? Learning about languageDiscovering useful words and expressions1. Match the new words and expressions with their meanings. petrol who or what somebody or something is voyage a word for gas in British English gradually not suddenly 杭州绿城育华学校 Unit2: English around the world Leve
15、l-B by ZHXfrequently in fact identity the second of two things or people already mentioned the latter often actually long trip by sea or in space fluent able to speak or write a language well 2. Complete this passage with the words from the Warming Up and Reading. It is not easy for a Chinese person
16、 to speak English as _ as a _ English speaker. One reason is that English has a large _. It also has different usage in different English speaking countries. If you use “flat” instead of “_”. people in America will know you have learned British English. If you use the word “_”instead of “lift” in Br
17、itain, people will know you have studied American English. 3. Add these phrases to the rhyme so that it makes sense. such as make use of because of come up at present “Will you _ to my flat? ” asked the spider to the fly. “_ Is so pleasant to look down from so high. _ the clear sky its possible to s
18、ee Buildings_ theatres and hotels by the sea. So wont you please _ this chance to look? ”The fly agreed immediately without a second thought. But as soon as she went up with a step so light that day. The spider caught and ate her and she was never seen again! 4. Sometimes British and American people
19、 use different prepositions for the same idea. Choose a pair of prepositions. Then compare them.at/on past/after in/on from/than 1. There are so many people_ the street. 2. They are going to have a party _ the weekend. 3. We will leave for the airport at a quarter _ five. 4. His brother is _ the mos
20、t famous football team in England. 5. As we know, British English is a little different _ American English. 6. Are there many children playing _ the playground? Do you know which usage is British English and which is American? Discuss in pairs and then in class. Discovering useful structures 1. Can
21、you find the following command and request from Reading? Lets see how to retell them in indirect speech. EXAMPLES: “Look at this example, ”the teacher said to us. The teacher told us to look at that example.“Would you like to see my flat?” she asked. She asked me to see her flat.2. In English you us
22、e a command or a request when you want someone to do something. Please look at the three sentences and tell the difference. Command Request 杭州绿城育华学校 Unit2: English around the world Level-B by ZHXNot polite Very polite Open the window. Please open the window. Would you please open the window? Look at
23、 these expressions and classify them into Commands and Requests. Correct your spelling mistakes. Please Can I sit here and wait for the doctor? I low do you spell that please? Go and .! Would you please .? Do that now! Can I please .? Hold that elevator! Say that again! Would you please speak more s
24、lowly? Could you repeal the sentence? Go and buy some more petrol! Take the dog for a walk 3. Read these sentences and decide which is a command and which is a request. Then retell them in indirect speech. 1. The children said to their teacher: “Would you please sing a song for us? ”2. The mother sa
25、id to her child:“Turn off the radio! ”3. The dentist said to a patient:“Open your mouth please, so I can see the had tooth clearly.”4. The secretary said to the woman on the phone:“Could you hold on for a minute?”5. John said to his classmate:“Can I borrow your pen please?”6. The teacher said to his
26、 student:“Come up to m office ! ”4. Make some dialogues using commands and requests and retell them in indirect speech. 1. A bear is moving towards a boy. What do you say to the boy to make sure that he is not hurt? 2. An English teacher is telling her students what they must do for homework. A stud
27、ent cannot hear the teacher very clearly. What should he say to his classmate to find out what to do? Think of more situations for your conversations. Using languageReadingMy culture shock in EnglandWhen I first set foot in the City of Leeds, England, I found myself in a totally different culture fr
28、om that of my own city, Guangzhou. It is often said that when people go to a different country for the first time they experience “culture shock” because everything is so different: the language, the food, then landscape, the social customs - just everything! For the first few days of my stay in Lee
29、ds I really experienced this so-called “culture shock”.One problem I had was with the food. Obviously Chinese people are not used to the taste of British food, but mentally I was prepared for that “shock”. The problem I actually had was with the names of the different types of food. When I went to t
30、he university canteen it was very embarrassing: When the woman behind the counter asked me what I wanted, all I could do was point and say “I want this” or “I want that”.Something else which was different was the countryside. When I was sitting on the bus heading from Manchester International Airpor
31、t towards Leeds, I saw through the window large areas of green grassland on either side of the motorway. There were no crops, but green grass and beautiful trees all the way. Occasionally, I could see some sheep or horses grazing in a leisurely way in the vast green fields. What a beautiful landscap
32、e! You probably wouldnt see such a scene in China except in Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia because we Chinese use every piece of land to grow crops. As you know, China has the largest population in the world but very limited agricultural land which supports about one fifth of the worlds population. We
33、cant afford to 杭州绿城育华学校 Unit2: English around the world Level-B by ZHXleave large areas of fertile land unused.I have given some examples of “culture shock”, but after a few days I got over this and really enjoyed my stay in England.Answer the following questions briefly1. Why does “culture shock” a
34、lways happen when you go to a different country?2. What was the authors problem with British food?3. What was the difference between the countryside in Britain and that in China?4. Why is the Chinese countryside so different from the English countryside?5. Did the author manage to deal with “culture shock” at last?
