1、第 1 页，共 17 页2010 年职称英语考试理工类（B 级）考试真题及答案解析第 1 部分：词汇选项(第 115 题，每题 1 分，共 15 分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1 个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定 1 个意义最为接近的选项。 1Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment Aanger Bdoubt Clove Dsurprise 2The document was compiled by the Department of Health Awritten Bprinted Cattached Dsent 3Hes
2、 spent years cultivating a knowledge of art Asharing Busing Cdenying Ddeveloping 4Weve seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues Aclear Bregular Cquick Dgreat 5.Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners Apolite Bsimilar Cusual Dbad 6.I want to provide my boys with a decent educ
3、ation Agood Bspecial Cprivate Dgeneral 7In the process，the light energy converts to heat energy Achanges Breduces Cleaves Ddrops 8Many cities have restricted smoking in public places Alimited Ballowed Cstopped Dkept 9 What are my chances of promotion if I stay here? 第 2 页，共 17 页Aretirement Badvertis
4、ement Cadvancement Dreplacement 10If we leave now，we should miss the traffic Adirect Bstop Cmix Davoid 11There was a profound silence after his remark Aproud Bshort Csudden Ddeep 12I enjoyed the play it had a clever plot and funny dialogues Along Bboring Coriginal Dhumorous 13The thief was finally c
5、aptured two miles away from the village Acaught Bkilled Cfound Djailed 14Such a database would be extremely costly to set up Atransfer Bdestroy Cestablish Dupdate 15The two banks have announced plans to merge next year Acombine Bsell Cclose Dbreak 第 2 部分：阅读判断(第 1622 题，每题 1 分，共 7 分) 下面的短文后列出了 7 个句子，请
6、根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 A Great Quake Coming? Everyone who lives in San Francisco knows that earthquakes are common in the bay area and they can be devastatingIn 1906，for example，a major quake destroyed about 28，000 buildings and killed hundreds，pe
7、rhaps thousands of peopleResidents now wonder when the next“Big One“will strikeIts bound to happen somedayAt least seven active fault(断层)lines run through the San Francisco areaFaults are places where pieces of Earths crust(地壳)slide past each otherWhen these pieces slip，the ground shakes To prepare
8、for that day, scientists are using new techniques to reanalyze the 1906 earthquake and predict how bad the damage might be when the next one happens One new finding about the 1906 earthquake is that the San Andreas fault split apart faster than scientists had 第 3 页，共 17 页assumed at the timeDuring sm
9、all earthquakes，faults rupture(断裂)at about 2.7 kilometers per secondDuring bigger quakes，however ，ruptures can happen at rates faster than 3.5 kilometers per second At such high speedsmassive amounts of pressure build up，generating underground waves that can cause more damage than the quake itselfLu
10、cky for San Francisco，these pressure pulses(脉冲)travel away from the city during the 1906 eventAs bad as the damage was ，it could have been far worse Looking ahead，scientists are trying to predict when the next major quake will occurRecords show that earthquakes were common before 1906Since then，the
11、earthquake has been relatively quietPatterns in the data，however，suggest that the probability of a major earthquake striking the Bay Area before 2032 is at least 62 percent New buildings in San Francisco are quite safe in case of future quakesStill ，more than 84 per-cent of the citys buildings are o
12、ld and weakAnalyses suggest that another massive earthquake would cause extensive damage People who live there tend to feel safe because San Francisco has remained pretty quiet for a whileAccording to the new reseaych，however ，its not a matter of“if the Big One will hit“Its just a matter of when 16T
13、he San Francisco area is located above several active fault lines ARight BWrong CNot mentioned 17The 1906 earthquake in San Francisco is the most severe one in American history ARight BWrong CNot mentioned 18The highest speed of fault ruptures in the 1906 quake was more than 3.5 kilometers per secon
14、d. ARight BWrong CNot mentioned 19Earthquakes rarely happened before 1906 ARight BWrong CNot mentioned 20San Francisco is fully prepared for another big earthquake ARight BWrong CNot mentioned 21Scientist will be able to predict the exact time of an earthquake soon ARight BWrong CNot mentioned 22A m
15、ajor earthquake striking San Francisco someday is inevitable ARight BWrong CNot mentioned 第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(第 2330 题，每题 1 分，共 8 分) 下面的短文后有 2 项测试任务：(1)第 23-26 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 25 段每段选择 1 个最第 4 页，共 17 页佳标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为每个句子确定 1 个最佳选项。 Natural Gas Natural gas is produced from reservoirs deep
16、 beneath the earths surfaceIt is a fossil fuel，meaning that it is derived from organic material buried in the earth millions of years ago.The main component of natural gas is methane(甲烷). The popularity and use of clean natural gas has increased dramatically over the past 50 years as Dipeline infras
17、tructure(基础设施)has been installed to deliver it conveniently and economically to millions of residential，commercial and industrial customers worldwideToday，natural gas service is available in all 50 states，and is the leading energy choice for fueling American homes and indus-triesMore than 65 million
18、 American homes use natural gasIn fact，natural gas is the most eco-nomical source for home energy needs， costing one-third as much as electricity. In addition to heat-ing homes，much of the gas used in the United States is used as a raw material to manufacture a wide variety of products，from paint，to
19、 fibers for clothing，to plastics for healthcare，computing and fur-nishings Natural gas is also used in a significant number of new electricity-generating power plants. Natural gas is one of the safest and cleanest fuels available It emits less pollution than other fossil fuelsdioxide(二氧化碳)and water
20、vapor-the same substances emitted when humans ex-haleCompared with some other fossil fuels，natural gas emits the least amount of carbon dioxide in-to the air when combusted(燃烧)-making natural gas the cleanest burning fossil fuel of allThe industry also is subject to substantial federal regulation in
21、 the areas of production and distribution，which help ensure it is provided to consumers safely and cleanly The United States consumes about one-third of the worlds natural gas output，making it the lar-gest gas consuming region in the worldThe USDepartment of Energys Energy Information Ad-ministratio
22、n forecasts that natural gas demand will grow by more than 50 percent by 2025. There are huge reserves of natural gas beneath the earths surfaceThe largest reserves of natu-ral gas can be found in Russia，West and North Africa and the Middle EastLNG(液化天然气)has been produced domestically and imported i
23、n the United States for more than four decades.To-day，the leading importers of LNG are Japan，Korea，France and Spain. 23Paragraph 2_ 24Paragraph 3_ 25Paragraph 4_ 26Paragraph 5_ APopularity and use of natural gas BNatural gas reserves and supply CNatural gas prices DClean fuel of choice EDisadvantage
24、s of natural gas FNatural gas consumption 27Natural gas is stored deep_. 28Natural gas is recognized as the most economical energy source _. 29When manufacturing many products，people commonly use natural gas _. 30It is estimated that by 2050 that natural gas demand in the United States will increase
25、_. Aover the past 50 years Bbeneath the earth surface Cby more than 50 percent Dfor more than four decades Eas a raw material 第 5 页，共 17 页Ffor home energy needs 第 4 部分：阅读理解(第 31-45 题，每题 3 分，共 45 分) 下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定 1 个最佳选项。 第一篇 Walking to Exercise the Brain Do you think sitting an
26、d studying all the time will improve your grades?Think againGetting some exercise may help，too New research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if they didnt exercise Previous research had shown that mice learn，remember，and pay attention better a
27、fter a few weeks of working out on a running wheelMice that exercise have greater blood flow to the brain than those who dontTheir brain cells also make more connections Neuroscientists from the University at Urbana-Champaign wanted to find out if the same thing is true for peopleFirst， they measure
28、d the physical fitness of 41 adults，ages 58 to 77，after each per-son walked 1 mileThen，participants looked at arrows on a computer sczeen and had to use com-puter keys to show which way one particular arrow was pointing Adults who were physically fit were faster at the arrow task，and their answers w
29、ere just as ac- curate as their less-fit peers,the researchers foundThe fitter participants also had more blood flow to a part of their brain responsible for paying attention and making decisions In a second study，15 elderly people who completed a 6-month aerobic-training course were fas-ter at atte
30、ntion tasks compared with 14 seniors who just did stretching and toning exercises for the same amount of time So，even going for a walk every 2 or 3 days forjust 10 to 45 minutes can helpThat should be good news for your grandparents The effects of exercising on the brains of younger people havent be
31、en studied yetStill，it cant hurt to take occasional study breaks and go for a walk or run around with your friendsYou might even do better in school Whatever you do，though，dont try to read and walk at the same timeYou could end up hurting yourseff! 31Walking regularly helps elderly people_ Alose wei
32、ght Bbecome happier Cconcentrate better Dlook younger 32After taking exercise for a few weeks ，the mice were found to have_ Ahigher blood pressure Bfaster heartbeat Cmore blood flow to the brain Dbetter appearance 33The first study on 41 elderly people found_ Athe less-fit participants did arrow tas
33、ks faster Bthe fitter participants did arrow tasks faster Cthe less-fit participants gave more accurate answers Dthe fitter participants gave more accurate answers 34It can be good for health when one takes a walk every 2 or 3 days for at least_ A3 minutes B45 minutes 第 6 页，共 17 页C30 minutes D10 min
34、utes 35It is suggested in the last paragraph that people should_ Arun around once a week Bnot read and walk at the same time Cgo for a walk every day Dnot hurt their friends while exercising 第二篇 Night of the Living Ants When an ant dies，other ants move the dead insect out of the nestThis behavior is
35、 interesting to scientists，who wonder how ants know for sure and so soon that another ant is dead Dong-Hwan Choe，a scientist at the University of California found that Argentine ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants“Im dead take me away“ But theres a twist to
36、 Choes discoveryThese ants ave a little bit like zombies(僵尸) Choe says that the living ants，not just the dead ones，have this death chemicalsIn other wordsWhile an ant crawls around， perhaps in a picnic or home，its telling other ants that its dead What keeps ants from hauling away the liring dead?Cho
37、e found that Argentine ants have two additional chemicals on their bodies，and these tell nearby ants something like，“Wait-Im not dead yet，“So Choes research turned up two sets of chemical signals in ants：one says，“Im dead“the other set says，“Im not dead yet“ Other scientists have tried to figure out
38、 how ants know when another ant is dead If an ant is knocked unconscious，other ants leave it alone until it wakes upThat means ants know that unmoving ants can still be alive Choe suspects that when an Argentine ant dies，the chemical that says“Wait-Im not dead yet“ quickly goes away.Once that chemic
39、al is gone，only the one that says“Im dead“is left“Its because the dead ant no longer smells like a living ant that it gets carried to the graveyard(墓地)，not because its body releases new unique chemicals after death，“said Choe When other ants detect the“dead“chemical without the“not dead yet“chemical
40、，they haul away the body This was choes hypothesis(假设) To test his hypothesis，Choe and his team put different chemicals on Argentine ant pupae(蛹). When the scientists used the“Im dead“chemical，other ants quickly hauled tbe treated pupae away. When the scientists used the“Wait-Im not dead yet“chemica
41、ls，other ants left the treated pupae alone.Choe believes this behavior shows that the“not dead yet“chemicals override(优先于) the“dead“chemical when picked up by adult ants And that when an ant dies，the“not dead yet“chemicals fade awayOther nearby ants then detect the remaining“dead“chemical and remove
42、 the body from the nest 36What is meant by“death chemical“mentioned in paragraph 3? AA chemical that contains poison BA chemical that causes death CA chemical that announces death DA chemical that prevents death 37Which of the following statements is NOT true of ants? AAnts know very soon that anoth
43、er ant is dead BWhen an ant is dead，others move its body out of the nest CIf an ant is unconscious，it is moved out of the nest DLiving ants have the“Im dead“chemical on their bodies 38According to Choes hypothesis，_. Aan ant still smells like a living when it dies 第 7 页，共 17 页Bthe“I am dead“chemical
44、 leaves the ants body when it dies Cthe“I am not dead yet“chemical is left when an ant dies Dthe“I am not dead yet“chemical leaves the ants body when it dies 39According to paragraph 7，what is the result of the test on Choes hyothesis? AIt shows that his hypothesis is wrong BIt proves that his hypot
45、hesis is convincing CIt suggests that his hypothesis needs revising DNot enough evidence has been found to support his hypothesis 40The passage“Night of the Living Ants“tells us about_. Ahow an ant is moved out of the nest at nigh Bwhat an ant does at night Chow an ant finds its way in darkness Dwha
46、t happens when an ant dies 第三篇 The Iceman On a September day in 1991，two Germans were climbing the mountain between Austria and ItalyHigh up on a mountain pass，they found the body of a man lying on the ice. At that height (10,499 feet or 3，200 meters)，the ice is usually permanent，but 1991 had been a
47、n especially warm yearThe mountain ice had melted more than just usual and so the body had come to the surface It was lying face downwardThe skeleton(骨架)was in perfect condition，except for a wound in the headThere was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothesThe hands were still holdin
48、g the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth bootsNearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark(树皮)and a holder for arrows Who was the man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questionsSome people thought that it was from this century，perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War Isince several soldiers had already been found in the area A Swiss wom
