1、http:/ http:/ engineering testing device design innovation in translation 目前常见的机械工程测试装置仅仅能够对机构系统或是加载液压系统等单一系统进行测试和分析，还很难对多个系统的参数进行综合性、系统性的测量和分析，因此在实际应用中的效果和价值难以令人满意。创新机械工程测试装置的设计，目的在于将多领域多学科知识进行综合性、系统化的实践运用，使各领域知识之间产生更为深刻而紧密的联系，并更好的服务于实际应用。本文中的机械工程测试装置，创新性的集合了机构系统、液压系统等多个系统，能够对多种参数实现高效的测试与准确的分析，在获得数
2、据变化情况的同时获得分布曲线，以供论证和分析。At present common mechanical engineering testing devices can only on institutional systems or hydraulic systems for single load system for testing and analysis, also it is difficult to for multiple systems parameters are comprehensive and systematic measurement and analysis, s
3、o in the actual application effect and value is difficult to satisfactory. Innovation mechanical engineering test equipment design, the purpose is to more multidisciplinary knowledge to practice is a comprehensive, systematic, make each between knowledge in the field have a more profound and closely
4、 linked, and better service in practical application. Mechanical engineering test device in this paper, a collection of innovative mechanism system, hydraulic system, and many other systems, can be efficient for a variety of parameter test and accurately analysis, changes in the data at the same tim
5、e to obtain distribution curve, in order to offer arguments and analysis. 1、机械工程测试装置的创新设计1, mechanical engineering testing device of innovative design 1.1 总体结构的创新设计1.1 design of the overall structure of the innovation 文中所引的机械工程测试装置设计原理为：在启动变速电机开关后，变速电机立刻开始转动进入正常运行状态，该变速电机可调速范围在 120 转/分到 1200 转/ 分之间，
6、可借助变速电机调速控制按钮对变速电机进行调速控制，通过光电转速传感器实时测量变速电机的转速，由数据输出接口将采集到的数据传送到计算机进行数据存储、处理、评定以及描述；按下急停开关后系统退出工作状态，以确保工作人员安全；电动机带动机构变速箱和http:/ http:/ 1/12，调节电机转速可间接控制机构摇杆转速在 0-600 转/分之间，轴承变速箱为三级变速，借助联轴器连接轴承箱，手柄右倾时是空挡，处于中间时轴承与电机保持相同转速，左倾时轴承转速保持电机转速的1/6，调节电机转速可间接控制机构摇杆转速在 0-1200 转/分之间；轴承施压加载依靠可视液压回路系统实现，加载压力显示由加载压力表实
7、现，按下液压泵电机开关后，从液压箱油箱中吸油，通过调节先导溢流阀来控制系统压力，或借助远程调压来调整系统压力，由调压阀压力表显示调压阀压力，对电磁铁 2DT 开关通电后可借助远程调压阀控制系统压力，对电磁铁 1DT 开关通电后可保持卸荷状态。Led by the mechanical engineering testing device design principle is: after the startup speed change motor switch, immediately began to turn it into the normal operation of the va
8、riable speed motor, the variable speed motor adjustable speed range between 120 r / 1200 r/min, but with the help of a variable speed motor speed control button to control the speed variable speed motor, through the photoelectric rotating speed sensor real-time measurement variable speed motor rotat
9、ional speed, the data output interface to transfer data collected to the computer data storage, processing, evaluation and description; After press the abrupt stop switch system out of the working conditions, to ensure the safety of workers; Transmission bearing and gearbox motor driving mechanism,
10、organization refers to the secondary variable speed transmission, composed of straight teeth and conical teeth, rocker rotate with the help of a belt drive mechanism, the handle is neutral, when the right left-leaning organization rocker speed keep 1/12 of the motor speed, adjust the motor speed can
11、 be indirectly controlled institutions rocker speed between 0 to 600 RPM, bearing the gearbox for level 3 speed, bearing box with the shaft coupling, and the handle is neutral, when the right in the middle when the bearing and motor to keep the same speed, the left bearing speed keep 1/6 of the moto
12、r speed, adjust the motor speed can be indirectly controlled institutions rocker speed between 0 to 1200 RPM; Bearing pressure loading on visible hydraulic circuit system, load shows that by loading pressure gauge, pressure switch, press the hydraulic pump motor oil in the tank from the hydraulic ta
13、nk, by adjusting the pilot relief valve to control the system pressure, or with the help of a remote voltage regulator to adjust the system pressure, the pressure regulating valve and pressure gauge shows pressure regulating valve, the electromagnet after 2 dt switch electricity can use remote press
14、ure regulating valve control system, http:/ http:/ electromagnet 1 dt can keep the unloading state after the power supply switch. 整套机械工程测试装置既可以进行综合性测试，也可以单独测量，或是相互测量。单独对机构系统测量时将滑动轴承变速箱保持空挡，使液压泵电机开关断开，并使机构变速箱手柄左倾即可实现；单独对液压系统测量时将液压泵电机开关闭合，并断开变速电机开关即可；如果需要同时对液压系统和动压滑动轴承测量，只需闭合变速电机开关和液压泵电机开关，使机构变速箱保持空挡，
15、并调整轴承变速箱手柄即可实现；如果需要同时对机构系统和液压系统测量，只需闭合变速电机开关和液压泵电机开关，使动压滑动轴承变速箱保持空挡即可；如果需要同时对液压系统、机构系统以及动压滑动轴承测量，只需闭合变速电机开关和液压泵电机开关，轴承变速箱和机构变速箱不处于空挡即可实现。Mechanical engineering of a complete set of test equipment as well as the paper by paper union collected to conduct a comprehensive test, and can also be a separat
16、e measure, or measure each other. Separate measurement of institutional system keep sliding bearing transmission gap, make the hydraulic pump motor switch, and make the organization gearbox handle left can be realized; A separate measurement for hydraulic system the hydraulic pump motor when the swi
17、tch is closed, and disconnect switch; variable speed motor If you need to hydraulic system and dynamic pressure at the same time sliding bearing measurements, just closed switch variable speed motor and hydraulic pump motor switch, keep the mechanism transmission gap, and adjust the bearing of the g
18、earbox handle can be realized; If you need to agency at the same time measurement system and hydraulic system, just closed switch variable speed motor and hydraulic pump motor switch, keep the dynamic pressure bearing transmission gap; If needed and at the same time of hydraulic system, organization
19、 system and measure dynamic pressure sliding bearing, just switch closed switch variable speed motor and hydraulic pump motor, gearbox bearing transmission and institutions were not neutral can be realized. 轴承箱； 轴承变速箱； 机构变速箱；机构； 信号输出接口；变速电机开关； 液压泵电机开关； 变速电机调速控制按扭； 急停开关；变速电机；以下按次序为液压箱、液压泵电机、可视液压回路、电磁
20、铁 2DT 开关、电磁铁 IDT 开关、调压阀、先导溢流阀、加载压力表、调压阀压力表。(1) bearing box; (2) bearing transmission; (3) organization transmission; (4) institutions; 5. Signal output interface; 6. Switch; variable speed motor All landowners hydraulic pump motor switch; Was variable speed control motor speed button; Pet-name ruby
21、abrupt stop switch; Attending http:/ http:/ motor; The following in order for the hydraulic tank, hydraulic pump, motor, visual hydraulic circuits, 2 dt switch, solenoid electromagnet IDT switch, pressure regulating valve, pilot relief valve, load, pressure gauges, pressure regulating valve, pressur
22、e gauge. 1.2 机构系统的创新设计1.2 organization innovation design of the system 机构系统设计的目的在于对机构运动学进行深层次的解读，本文引用的机械工程测试装置中的机构系统选择的是可组可卸式。以四杆机构向六杆机构的转化为例，原四杆机构的结构组成较为简单，其中连杆的输出轨迹构成轨迹曲线，最终组成新的六杆机构，分析六杆机构的输出轨迹可以得知六杆机构输出构建上点的轨迹与对应的原四杆机构连杆上点的轨迹相同，是通过曲线移动来实现四杆机构向六杆机构转化的。在这一过程中，机构连杆的位移、角速度等参数可以借助传感器进行测量。Agency system
23、 design is aimed at to deep interpretation of mechanism kinematics, this paper refers to the mechanical engineering testing device of mechanism system selection can be removable. With four-bar linkage to the transformation of six bar linkage as example, the structure of the original four-bar linkage
24、 is relatively simple, the connecting rod output trajectory of the trajectory curve, finally form the new six bar linkage, six bar linkage analysis of the output trajectory can be learned that the locus of points in the output of six bar linkage to build corresponding original four-bar linkage with
25、the locus of points in the connecting rod is the same, is move through the curve to achieve four-bar linkage to the transformation of six bar linkage. In this process, institutions connecting rod of the parameters such as displacement, angular velocity can use sensors to measure. 1.3 液压系统的创新设计1.3 th
26、e innovative design of hydraulic system 文中所用的机械工程测试装置中的液压系统设计为：液压系统与轴承箱连接，通过先导溢流阀对液压系统压力进行调节，由动压滑动轴承为液压系统提供所需强度的压力，旋转动压滑动轴承即可使压力弹簧发生一定程度的形变，从而产生适合的压力。与此同时，先导溢流阀与远程调压阀借助遥控口实现连接，可以借助远程调压阀对液压系统压力进行远程调控，使压力保持在合适的压力范围内。如果将先导溢流阀压力加到最大，对电磁铁1DT 开关通电，连接远程调压阀与先导溢流阀，即可通过调节手柄来控制液压系统压力；如果断开电磁铁 1DT 开关，对电磁铁 2DT 开关
27、通电，那么液压系统将处于卸荷状态，压http:/ http:/ the mechanical engineering testing devices used in the hydraulic system is designed to: hydraulic system connected to the bearing box, through the pilot relief valve on the hydraulic system pressure adjustment, by dynamic pressure sliding bearing for the hydraulic sys
28、tem to provide the required strength of the pressure, dynamic pressure sliding bearing rotate some degree of deformation in the pressure spring, resulting in a suitable pressure. At the same time, the pilot relief valve with remote pressure regulating valve with remote connection, use a remote press
29、ure regulating valve for hydraulic system pressure for remote control, keep the pressure in a suitable pressure range. If the pilot relief valve pressure to the maximum, the electromagnet 1 dt switch electricity, to connect to a remote pressure regulating valve and the pilot relief valve, can throug
30、h the regulating handle to control the hydraulic system pressure; If disconnect electromagnet 1 dt switch, electromagnetic valve 2 dt switch power, the hydraulic system will in unloading condition, the pressure is close to zero. In addition, in order to for accurate implementation of the collection
31、and monitoring of the parameters, in the design of the hydraulic system of the pilot relief valve outlet is equipped with infrared thermometer and the flow sensor, and the load bearing system adjustments according to the hydraulic system pressure. 1.4 动压滑动轴承的创新设计1.4 the innovation of the dynamic pre
32、ssure bearing design 整个机械工程测试装置共配备有若干个传感器对外载荷、油膜压力等实验数据进行监测和采集工作，直接将计算机系统连接到实验台测试控制系统上，从而进行数据汇总、处理、显示等操作。动压滑动轴承的设计，将轴承空套在主轴上，轴中间横剖面均匀分布测压孔，每个测压孔分别与压力传感器连接，油液温度数据选用红外测温仪监测采集，摩擦力数据选用摩擦力传感器监测采集，由液压系统对轴承加载压力进行调控，轴承载荷随液压油压力提高而增加，通过外载荷传感器对轴承加载压力进行测量和显示，因而十分稳定和方便。利用接口技术将压力传感器与计算机系统连接，利用计算机软件对采集到的压力数据进行处理后可
33、得到压力分布曲线，从而计算出动压滑动轴承的压力分布情况和平均压强。The mechanical engineering testing device were equipped with several sensors of external load, http:/ http:/ oil film pressure monitoring and collection work, experimental data directly to the computer systems connected to the test bench test control system, thus the
34、 data summary, processing, display, etc. The design of the dynamic pressure sliding bearing, the bearing empty on the main shaft, the shaft in the middle section is uniformly distributed pressure hole, each pressure hole connected to the pressure sensor, oil use infrared thermometer temperature data
35、 collection, friction selects the friction force sensor monitoring data acquisition and control load bearing pressure by the hydraulic system for the bearing load increases with the hydraulic oil pressure increase, the load bearing pressure is measured by the load sensor and display, and therefore i
36、s very stable and convenient. Interface technology is used to change the pressure sensor is connected to the computer system, using computer software to deal with pressure data were collected after pressure distribution curve can be obtained, thus the response pressure sliding bearing is calculated
37、the pressure distribution and the average pressure. 2、机械工程测试装置的功能分析2, analysis of mechanical engineering test the functionality of the device 从上文介绍可知，该机械工程测试装置可以对机构、液压等系统进行单独测量或相互测量，或是进行多系统的综合测量，是一个综合性很强的测试平台，能够对各系统参数进行实时测量和准确分析，功能十分强大。为了更好的保证该机械工程测试装置的测量精确性，需要避免装置工作状态下的振动和噪声。因此，在该机械工程测试装置设计时，对工作台和传
38、动装置等部位设有专门监测振动和噪声的传感器，借助传感器对振动与声波的测量来准确的掌握振动、噪声情况，从而对其进行有效控制。在压力传感器等其他传感器的配合下，该装置能够对压力、摩擦力、流量、位移、转速、温度等测试内容进行实施准确的测量，为测试系统的数据分析提供信息，能够满足测试人员对参数数据的需求。From the above introduction, the mechanical engineering test device can be separately measured to institutions, such as hydraulic system or measure, or
39、 the place of integrated measurement system, is a comprehensive very strong test platform, can real-time measurement and accurate analysis of system parameters, the function is very powerful. In order to better ensure that the measuring accuracy of the mechanical engineering testing devices, the nee
40、d to avoid device under the working state of vibration and noise. Therefore, in the mechanical engineering testing device design, the workbench and has special surveillance in areas such as the gear vibration and noise of the sensor, with the help of a sensor of vibration and acoustic measurement to
41、 accurately grasp the http:/ http:/ and noise, so as to control them effectively. In conjunction with the pressure sensor and other sensors, the device is able to pressure, friction force, flow, displacement, speed, temperature and so on to implement accurate measurement test content, provide inform
42、ation for data analysis of the testing system, to meet the needs of testers of parameter data. 3、结语3, conclusion 综上所述，本文借助传感器、虚拟平台、机构、测试等多方面技术和理论知识，创新性的设计了一个综合性的机械工程测试装置，与以往的测试装置相比可以对多个系统的参数进行测量和分析，很好的体现了现代测试技术的智能性、信息化和经济性特征，满足了测试仪器与系统测量分析工作融为一体的需求。To sum up, in this paper, using sensors, virtual pl
43、atform, institutions, testing aspects of technology and the theory of knowledge, a comprehensive mechanical engineering innovative design test fixtures, compared with the previous test device parameters measurement and analysis of the multiple systems, good embodies the intelligence, informationization and economic characteristics of modern testing technology, can meet the test measurement instruments and system demand analysis work together.
