1、http:/ 中小学课件站,成才之路 英语,路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索,人教版 必修2,http:/ 中小学课件站,Cultural relics,Unit 1,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,kxb,ax2bxc,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学
2、课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,单击此处进入 活页规范训练,http:/ 中小学课件站,Section Learning about Language 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句,Unit 1,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,用关
3、系词(which/whom/when/where)完成下列句子，并判断它们是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。 This gift was the Amber Room, _ was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it. The amber _ was selected had a beautiful yellow brown colour like honey. It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, _ took the
4、countrys best artists about ten years to make.,http:/ 中小学课件站,Later, Catherine had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg _ she spent her summers. This was a time _ the two countries were at war. 结论：限制性定语从句：_ 非限制性定语从句：_ 答案：which which which where when 结论：；,http:/ 中小学课件站,http:/ 中小学课件站,
5、一、定语从句的种类 定语从句根据其与主句关系的密切程度可以分为限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句两种。,http:/ 中小学课件站,二、定语从句的定义 1限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。书写时不用逗号与主句分开。 This is the MP4 that/which I bought for my daughter yesterday. 这是我昨天为女儿买的MP4。,http:/ 中小学课件站,2非限制性定语从句：非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，它只是对先行词或主句作附加或补充性的说明，不起限制
6、作用，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。这类定语从句在书写时，大多用逗号与主句分开。非限制性定语从句中的关系代词不可省略。 He passed the exam, which surprised his parents. 他通过了考试，这使他的父母很吃惊。,http:/ 中小学课件站,三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 1作用不同 限制性定语从句用来修饰和说明先行词，具有限制作用；而非限制性定语从句一般跟先行词的关系并不十分密切，只是对先行词的附加、补充说明，不起限制作用，可以省略。省略后主句的意思仍然完整。,http:/ 中小学课件站,Her sister who teaches u
7、s English will go abroad next year. 她教我们英语的姐姐明年将出国。(限制性定语从句，意思是她可能还有别的姐姐。) Her sister, who teaches us English, will go abroad next year. 她的姐姐教我们英语，明年将出国。(非限制性定语从句，对先行词her sister 起到补充说明的作用，言外之意：她只有一个姐姐。),http:/ 中小学课件站,2形式不同 限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句必须用逗号和主句隔开。 Mr. Smith, who came to see me yesterda
8、y, is one of my best friends. 昨天来看我的史密斯先生是我的一位好朋友。(非限制性定语从句) Here is the man that you want to see. 这就是你想见的那个人。(限制性定语从句),http:/ 中小学课件站,3先行词不同 限制性定语从句的先行词只能是一个名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词，也可以是一句话。 This is the best novel that I have ever read. 这是我曾经看过的最好的小说。(先行词是novel) The novel, which I read last night,
9、is very interesting. 这是我昨天晚上看过的小说，非常有意思。(先行词为novel) The novel is very interesting, which makes me very glad. 这部小说很有意思，这让我很高兴。(先行词为“The novel is very interesting”),http:/ 中小学课件站,4关系词的使用情况有所不同,http:/ 中小学课件站,The house (that/which)I bought last month has got a beautiful garden. 我上个月买的那幢房子有一个漂亮的花园。 Can y
10、ou tell me the reason why he was absent yesterday? 你能告诉我他昨天缺席的原因吗？ This is the man (whom/who/that) we are talking about. 这就是我们正谈论的那个人。 重点提示 在限制性定语从句中，先行词指人时，关系代词可用who，that或whom，但在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时，关系代词只能用who或whom。,http:/ 中小学课件站,5翻译不同 含限制性定语从句的句子先译从句，后译先行词，将从句放在先行词前。含非限制性定语从句的句子一般先译先行词，后译从句，形成两个分句。 Our
11、 school has two foreign teachers, both of whom are from America. 我们学校有两个外教，他们都来自美国。 The foreigner who comes from America teaches us English. 来自美国的那位外教我们英语。,http:/ 中小学课件站,四、which与as引导的非限制性定语从句 1as与which引导的非限制性定语从句的相同点：as与which都可用来引导非限制性定语从句，来指代整个主句的内容。当非限制性定语从句位于句末且as或which在从句中作主语、宾语或表语时，两者常可互换。 He m
12、arried her, which/as was natural. (作主语) 他和她结婚了，这是很自然的事。 He is an old kind farmer, which/as anybody can see. 任何人都能看得出来，他是一位善良的老农。(作宾语),http:/ 中小学课件站,2as与which引导的非限制性定语从句的不同点：,http:/ 中小学课件站,As is known to all, Diaoyu Island belongs to China. 众所周知，钓鱼岛属于中国。 A ship named “Dexinhai” was kidnapped by Somal
13、ia pirates last year, as was reported on TV. 据电视报道，去年“德新海”号货轮被索马里海盗劫持。,http:/ 中小学课件站,重点提示 (1)as还常用在一些固定结构中，如as we know/as is known to all(众所周知)，as we all can see (正如我们大家都能看到的那样)，as is often the case (情况常常是这样)，as might be imagined (可以想象得到)，as might be expected(正如所预料的那样)，as has been pointed out(正如所指出的
14、那样)，as has been said before/above (正如前文所述)，as (it) often happens(像往常一样)。,http:/ 中小学课件站,(2)当which在从句中指代的是先行词本身而不是主句时，不可用as代替which。 The car, which we saw on the playground yesterday, is Mikes. 我们昨天在操场上见到的那辆车是迈克的。,http:/ 中小学课件站,活学活用 .单句语法填空 1(2015江苏，21改编)The number of smokers, _ is reported, has droppe
15、d by 17 percent in just one year. 答案：as 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：据报道，吸烟人数仅一年内就下降了17%。as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个句子。which引导非限制性定语从句时常位于主句之后，所以不能用which。,http:/ 中小学课件站,2Alice received an invitation from her boss, _ came as a surprise. 答案：which 分析句子结构可知，后半句为非限制性定语从句，which可引导非限制性定语从句，在这里指代主句的内容。,http:/ 中小学课件站,3(2015福建，34改编)C
16、hina Today attracts a worldwide readership，_ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. 答案：which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：今日中国吸引了世界范围的读者群，这表明全世界越来越多的人想了解中国。从句中缺少主语，指代前面句子的内容，所以填which。,http:/ 中小学课件站,4Nowadays, when people talk about magicians, the first one _ comes into their
17、mind is Liu Qian. 答案：that/who 句意：现在每当人们谈起魔术师时，他们第一个想到的就是刘谦。先行词指人，在定语从句中作主语，因此填that/who。 5Watch out! Dont get close to the building _ walls are being painted. 答案：whose 由句意和分析句子结构可知从句中缺少定语修饰walls，故填whose。,http:/ 中小学课件站,6Ive read all the books _ I borrowed from the library. 答案：that 句意：我已读了我从图书馆借的所有的书。分
18、析句子结构，从空格处起至句末是定语从句，由于先行词the books受到不定代词all修饰，故应用that。,http:/ 中小学课件站,7(2015湖南，29改编)It is a truly delightful place, _ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages. 答案：which 考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是place；而且从句中缺少主语，所以填关系代词which。句意：这真是一个令人愉快的地方，它看起来一定跟100年前一样，有着蜿
19、蜒的街道和美丽的村舍。注意非限制性定语从句不用that引导。,http:/ 中小学课件站,8.We are really interested in the way _ the painter has painted the painting. 答案：that 当way(方式)作先行词，且关系词在从句中作状语时，关系词可用that/in which。 9The boy finally went to Beijing University, _ made his parents happy. 答案：which 考查关系词的选择。句意：这个男孩最终上了北京大学，这使得他的父母很高兴。which在此
20、引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句。,http:/ 中小学课件站,10Having wandered for many years, he went back to the place _he was born. 答案：where 句意：漂泊了多年之后，他回到了他出生的地方。the place为定语从句的先行词，从句中不缺主语或宾语，故用where在从句中作地点状语。 11He made a dress using thousands of roses for his wifes birthday，_， of course, gave her a great surprise. 答案：wh
21、ich 考查关系词的选择。句意：他为妻子的生日用数千朵玫瑰做了一条裙子，当然，这给了她一个大大的惊喜。which在此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句的内容。,http:/ 中小学课件站,12The famous actor became successful, _ began to appear on the stage to make a living at the age of 8. 答案：who 考查引导定语从句的关系词。句意：那位在八岁时为了谋生开始登台演出的著名演员成功了。定语从句缺主语，who引导定语从句且在从句中作主语。 13They are all interested
22、 in the newlybuilt apartments along the river, yet none of_ really want to buy them. 答案：whom 考查定语从句。句意：他们都对新建的沿河公寓感兴趣，然而他们中没有一个人真想买。句中yet虽有转折之意，但是不能连接句子。所以此处为定语从句，且先行词为they，指人，故用whom。,http:/ 中小学课件站,14Is this the magazine _which she often writes articles? Yes, it is. 答案：for 考查“介词关系代词”引导定语从句时介词的选择。问句句
23、意：这是她经常为之写文章的杂志吗？表示“为撰稿/写文章”应用write articles for.。,http:/ 中小学课件站,15The car，_ designers prepare it for those travellers _ like to travel across some rough areas, looks strong and cool. 答案：whose; who/that 考查关系词的选择。句意：这车看起来结实并且外形很酷，它的设计者们是为那些喜欢到地面不平的地方旅行的旅行者准备的。由句意及句子结构可知，关系词whose修饰名词designers并引导从句，而第二
24、个从句中缺少作从句主语的引导词，先行词为人，故填that或who。,http:/ 中小学课件站,.句型转换 1There lives an old man near the school, the son of whom is working abroad. There lives an old man near the school, _ _is working abroad. There lives an old man near the school, _ _ _ _is working abroad. 2This is the house where they spent their
25、childhood. This is the house _ _ they spent their childhood.,http:/ 中小学课件站,3That tree, whose branches are almost bare, is very old. That tree, _ _ _ _are almost bare, is very old. That tree, _ _ _ _are almost bare, is very old. 4He didnt give us the reason why he was absent from the meeting. He didn
26、t give us the reason _ _ he was absent from the meeting.,http:/ 中小学课件站,5Ill never forget the day when we had class together. Ill never forget the day _ _ we had class together. 答案：1.whose son; of whom the son 2.in which 3.of which the branches; the branches of which 4.for which 5.on which,http:/ 中小学课件站,
