1、北 京 四 中 高考综合复习：Book 1 Unit 16-18重点词汇、短语与句型：1.a number of 一些2.a great deal of 很多的，大量的3.pick out 挑出，辨别出4.test on （身上）做实验5.around the corner （常与 just 连用）即将来临6.die down 变弱，平息，消失e to terms with 甘心忍受（不愉快的处境）8.take possession of 占有，占领9.make up 组成，构成10.turn to 开始干，求助于，转向11.go sailing 驾船航行，乘船旅行12.go camping
2、宿营13.get charged 充电14.prove 的用法15.get + p.p. 结构16.be good for 对有好处be good to 对友善be good at 擅长于17.cant stand on ones left leg 左腿不能站立18.be surrounded with/by （四周）被包围，围住19.be of + 名词20.become of 发生情况，怎么啦21.threaten to do sth 威胁（说）要做22.struggle to ones knees 挣扎着站起来23.encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事24.a
3、t the top of ones voice 高嗓门地25.in good health 健康状况良好26.be mean with sth. 对吝啬27.描述人物：The impression he/she makes on me isHe/She could beI think he/she is the kind of person whoHe/She looks as ifPeople like him/her知识点归纳：1.charge v.*以某事控告某人，（尤指在法庭上）控告某人：charge sb. with sthShe charged me with neglecting
4、 my duty.她指控我玩忽职守。The police charged the driver with careless driving.警察指控那个司机开车粗心。He was charged with murder.他被控犯谋杀罪。*猛冲，攻击One of our strikers was violently charged by a defender.我方一前锋受到对方后卫的猛冲拦截（足球赛中）。The children charged down the stairs.孩子们冲下楼梯。The troops charged at the enemy lines.部队进攻敌军防线。*要价，索
5、价：charge （sb./sth.）for sth.How much do you charge for mending shoes?修鞋要多少钱？As long as youve paid in advance we wont charge you for delivery.只要你欲付款，我们就不收你送货费。Im not going there again-they charged (me) for 2 for a cup of coffee！我再也不到那里去了，一杯咖啡他们就要了我 2 美元。*充电Does your car battery charge easily?你那辆汽车的蓄电池
6、容易充电吗？He is charging a battery.他正在为蓄电池充电。*充满；承担：be charged withThe atmosphere was charged with excitement.气氛中充满了激情。She was charged with an important mission.她被委以重任。charge n. 控告；费用；责任，掌管；常用于下列短语中：in charge （ of sb./sth.） =in sb.s charge =under the charge of 负责，掌管in the charge of 由负责/掌管free of charge
7、免费take charge （of sth.） 负责，掌管The charge carries a possible sentence of three years.这项控告可能要判三年徒刑。All goods are delivered free of charge.所有的物品免费送货。His charges are very reasonable.他的价钱很公道。This ward is in the charge of Dr. Smith.这间病房是由史密斯大夫负责的。Whos in charge here?这里谁负责？He was left in charge of the shop
8、while the manager was away.经理不在时，他负责这个商店。The department was badly organized until she took charge （of it）.这个部门在她负责以前组织工作做得很差。*chargeable adj. 可被控告的eg.If you steal, you are chargeable with theft.如果偷窃就可能被控偷窃罪。2.prove vt. 证明，证实prove sth. （to sb.） 向某人证明某事物属实prove （to sb. ） that 向某人证明Can you prove it to
9、me?你能向我证实吗？I shall prove to you that the witness is not speaking the truth.我将向你证明，证人说的话不是真话。Facts have proved that the creative power of the people knows no limits.事实证明人民的创造力是无穷的。*系动词 证明是prove + （to be）+ adj./n.The task proved （to be） more difficult than wed thought.这项任务原来比我们预想的难得多。My advice proved
10、(to be) wrong.我的建议证明是错误的。The article has proved most useful.这篇文章证明非常有用。The old methods proved best after all.采用老方法证明是最好的。His theory proved( to be) correct.他的理论证明是正确的。 同义短语：turn out 证明是，结果是，原来是eg.The job turned out to be harder than we thought.这工作比我们原来想象的要难。其他系动词：sound（听起来）/taste（尝起来）/smell（闻起来）/rema
11、in（仍然是，保持）/look（看上去）/stay（维持，保持）/feel （摸起来） eg.The small town remained unchanged.这个小镇子仍然没什么变化。The plan doesnt sound reasonable.这个计划听起来不合情理。Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.良药苦口。The weather stayed fine for three days.一连三天都是好天。Ice and snow feel cold.冰雪摸起来是冷的。*provable adj. 可证明的，可证实的考题链接：The th
12、eory he struck to _ true.A. proving B. be C. proved D. being分析：此题易误选 A 或 D，认为 struck to 应该接名词或动词的 -ing 形式，而事实上题干中的 he struck to 为定语从句，我们所要选的应该为主句的词语动词。答案：C3.get +过去分词 *具有被动意义，多用来表示主语遭受某种损失、伤害，或者不能提供具体的动作发出者eg.The boy got lost in the forest.小男孩在森林中迷路了。I got caught in the traffic jam yesterday.我昨天堵车了。
13、Her son got killed in the war.她的儿子在战争中阵亡了。My bike got stolen the other day.我的自行车几天前被头偷了。*无被动意义，表示使自己处于某状态或情况eg.He got dressed quickly.他快速地穿好衣服。Hearing the news, we got excited.听到这个消息，我们兴奋起来。They plan to get married in the summer.他们计划在夏天结婚。I hope youre not getting bored by my conversation.但愿我的话没让你厌烦。
14、*其他 get 结构：get doing 做起某事来，开始做起某事来get （sb./sth.） doing 使某人做起某事来，使某物进入 （状态）get sb. to do sth. 使/让某人去做某事get sth. done =have sth. done 表示遭遇或请人做某事We got talking.我们谈起话来。We got chatting and discovered wed been at college together.我们聊起天来才发现我们原来是校友。You have an hour to clean the whole house-so get scrubbing.
15、你只有一个小时来打扫整个房子-快开始擦洗吧。With the help of engineer, we soon got the machine going well.在工程师的帮助下，我们很快使机器顺利地运转起来。Ill soon get the clock going.我很快就会让钟走起来。I got him to see a doctor.我劝他去看医生了。Just get them to finish up as quickly as possible.想法让他们尽快完成。She got her finger caught in the door.她的手指让门给夹了。He got hi
16、s wrist broken.他扭伤了手腕。Ill get my watch repaired this afternoon.今天下午我要去修表。高考链接：Sarah, hurry up. Ill afraid you wont have time to _ before the party.（NMET2004 ）A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change分析：根据句意：快点，聚会之前恐怕没有时间换衣服了，此处应用 get +过去分词 结构。答案：A4.pick out 挑选出，辨别出She was picked
17、out from thousands of applicants for the job.从数千申请人中挑选出她来做那份工作。He picked out the ripest peach.他把熟得最透的桃挑了出来。It was just possible to pick out the hut on the side of the mountain.那小屋坐落在山边，隐约可见。Can you pick out your bike among them?你能在这些自行车当中认出你的车吗？其他 pick 短语：pick up speed 加速pick ones pocket 扒某人的口袋pick
18、up 拣起，收听，打听到，接人pick ones teeth 剔牙pick holes in sth. 挑某事物的毛病pick a quarrel with sb. 找茬We reached the outskirts of town and began to pick up speed.我们到达市郊后开始加速。He tried to pick a quarrel with me about it but I refused to discuss the matter.他极力想就那件事找我的茬儿，但我决不谈论此事。It was easy to pick holes in his argumen
19、t.在他的论据里不难找到漏洞。高考链接：This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can_ my father.（2005 湖北高考）A. find out B. pick out C. look out D. speak out分析：本题考查动词短语。find out（经过努力）弄清楚，pick out 有 辨认出的意思，look out 小心，speak out 说出来。答案：B5.doubt *vt. 怀疑，疑惑，不确信doubt +n./pron.doubt +whether/if（肯定句）doubt +that（疑
20、问句或否定句）I doubt his sincerity.我怀疑他的诚意。I doubt if/whether they will come on time.我怀疑他们是否能按时来。I doubt whether they will attend the meeting.我怀疑他们是否参加会议。Do you doubt that he will be successful?你怀疑他会成功吗？We dont doubt that he can deal with the accident.我们相信他能处理这个事故。*n. 怀疑，疑惑，不确信常见的搭配： in doubt 不肯定的without
21、doubt 无疑地，确实地no doubt 无疑地，很可能beyond all (possible) doubt 无疑地There is no doubt about 对毫不怀疑There is no doubt that 对毫不怀疑clear up all doubts 消除一切疑虑have doubt about 对有疑问He is without doubt the cleverest student Ive taught.他确实是我所教过的学生中最聪明的。No doubt he means to help, but in fact he just gets in the way.他确实
22、是想帮忙，然而事实上他只是帮倒忙。Their acceptance of the contract is still in doubt.他们是否接受那合同还说不准。She was beyond all doubt the finest ballerina of her day.她无疑是她那个时代最优秀的芭蕾舞演员。There is no doubt about the fact.关于这个事实毫不怀疑。There is no doubt that he is hard to deal with.毫无置疑他很难对付。考题链接：There can be no doubt _ the woman is
23、 fit for the work.A. that B. if C. what D. because分析：doubt 用于否定句、疑问句中接 that 从句。答案：A6.experiment* n. “实验，试验” do/perform/carry out/conduct an experiment 进行实验learn by experiment 通过实验学习experiment 还常与 on/upon 搭配eg.The researchers are repeating the experiment on rats.研究人员用老鼠反复做该实验。* vi. “实验，试验” experiment
24、 on/upon sb./sth. 对进行实验eg.We experimented until we succeeded in mixing the right colour.我们不断实验直至将所需要颜色调配成功。They experimented on/upon frogs.他们用青蛙做实验。*experimenter n. 实验者,试验者experimentalism n. 实验主义，经验论experimental adj. 实验的，用实验的an experimental farm 实验农场an experimental physicist 实验物理学家eg.The technique i
25、s still at the experimental stage. It hasnt been fully developed yet.这项技术仍处于实验阶段，尚未完全成熟。7.tear *v. 撕扯，撕裂；飞奔，飞跑；强行使某人离开tear in two 把撕成两半tearinto pieces 把撕成碎片tearopen 把撕开tear ones hair （out） 表示极大的悲伤、愤怒tear oneself away（from sb./sth） 舍不得离开某人/某事物tear down 拆除tear sth. up 撕毁（文件等）He tore the parcel open.他把
26、包裹撕开。Can you tear a sheet of paper in two?你能把一张纸撕成两半吗？The baby likes tearing paper into pieces.婴儿喜欢把纸撕成碎片。This cloth tears easily.这布料容易撕破。Her heart was torn by grief.她肝肠寸断。My boss is tearing his hair out about the delay in the schedule.我们老板因进度拖延而气得七窍生烟。Do tear yourself away from the television and c
27、ome out for a walk.你别舍不得离开电视了，出去散散步吧。The book was so interesting that I couldnt tear myself away from it.这本书如此有意思以至于我爱不释手。They are tearing down the old houses.他们正在拆除旧房屋。She tore up all the letters he had sent her.她把他写来的信都撕了。She tore downstairs , shouting “Fire！”她奔下楼梯，高喊着火了。* n. 泪水（常用复数）be wet with t
28、ears 眼泪汪汪burst into tears 放声大哭in tears（表示状态） 哭泣crocodile tears 鳄鱼的眼泪（假悲伤）Her eyes filled with tears.她眼泪汪汪的。The story moved us to tears.这个故事感动得我们流泪。Hearing his voice, she burst into tears.听到他的声音，她放生大哭起来。We found her in tears.我们发现她在哭。She shed crocodile tears when she dismissed him from his job.她把他解雇时，
29、流出了鳄鱼的眼泪（假装难过）。*tearful adj. 哭泣的eg. a crowd of tearful mourners 一群哭泣着的送葬者8.promise * n. 允诺，答应 后面可接 of + n. ; to do sth.; that 同位语从句等eg.His parents gave him promise of support.他父母答应支持他。Dont forget your promise to write to me every month.别忘了你答应要每个月给我写信。He made a promise that he would write to me every
30、 month.他允诺要每个月给我写信。常用搭配：make a promise 许诺make a promise to do sth. 许诺做某事break ones promise 违背诺言keep ones promise 遵守诺言give a promise 许下诺言make a promise that 许诺做某事carry out ones promise 履行诺言* n. 可指望出现或发生某事物的迹象，希望eg.There is a promise of better weather tomorrow.明天天气可能更好。There seems little promise of su
31、ccess for the expedition.看来这次探险的成功希望不大。The crops are full of promise.庄稼丰收在望。* vt./vi. 允诺，答应；使（某事物）很有可能常用于：promise sb. sth. 答应某人某（事）物promise sb. to do sth. 答应某人做某事promise to do sth. 答应做某事promise + n. 答应promise （ sb.） that 答应（某人）I promise you 口语中表示我向你保证promise well 大有希望，可能产生良好的结果I have promised him to
32、 return the book by next Monday.我已答应他要在下周一前还书。The firm promised the workers a wage increase.公司答应给工人加工资。She promised me that she would be punctual.她向我保证一定准时。No one in the office promised a quick answer to the matter.办公室没人答应对此事从速作答。The clouds promise rain.阴云预示有雨。The new sales policy promises well.新的销售
33、办法可望取得良好效果。You wont regret it, I promise you.我包你满意。* promising adj. 有前途的，有希望的He is a promising young pianist.他是一个有前途的青年钢琴家。The results of the first experiments are very promising.第一次实验的结果充满了希望。考题链接：He has _ to come tonight, and he is sure to come.A.allowed B. proved C. promised D. nodded分析：allow 后面不
34、能直接跟不定式， promise to do 表示答应要做某事。答案；C9. go doing 结构表示“去干某事”，大多跟体育、娱乐活动有关eg.Its too wet to go walking around London.地上太湿，不能逛伦敦。Would you like to go shopping this afternoon?你想今天下午去购物吗？属于这一类的常见结构有：go camping 宿营go boating 去划船go hunting 去打猎go dancing 去跳舞go fishing 去钓鱼go climbing 去爬山go sailing 去航海go swimmi
35、ng 去游泳go shooting 去射击go cycling 去骑车go outing 去郊游go skating 去滑冰go riding 去骑马10. What /How about sth./doing sth.?“怎么样” ，常用来征求对方意见eg.What about a cup of coffee?来杯咖啡如何？-Staying at home is dull. 呆在家里真闷。-How about going to see a movie? 去看场电影怎么样？高考题链接：-What about having a drink?-_.（NMET2000 ）A. Good idea B
36、. Help yourself C. Go ahead, please D. Me, too分析：What about doing sth?是征求对方意见的日常交际用语。用Good idea能表达自己对喝咖啡 这个提议的看法 ，而 Help yourself是随便喝吧的意思，Go ahead, please是你去喝吧， Me, too不符合这里的语境。答案：A11.be of + 抽象名词（如：value/importance/use/interest/benefit ）.=be +抽象名词的形容词用来描述某人/某物的特征,抽象名词的前面还可加上修饰词，如：great/no/little/mu
37、ch/some/any。eg.His advice is of value to us. = His advice is valuable to us.他的建议对我们来说有价值。Sports and games are of great importance. = Sports and games are very important.体育运动很重要。This medicine is of no use. = This medicine is useless.这药没效果。The dictionary is of not much help to us. =The dictionary is n
38、ot very helpful to us.这词典对我们没有多大帮助。* be of + a/an + n.（如：age/colour/kind/type/size/height） 表示主语的特征或性质这些名词没有相应的形容词形式，因此不能用be + 形容词 来替换。 eg.We are both of an age. = We are of the same age.我们两个人年龄相同。The two boys are almost of a height.= The two boys are almost of the same height.这两个男孩几乎一样高。They are of
39、different colors. 他们颜色各异。The two coats are of a size. =The two coats are of the same size.这两件外套一样大。考题链接：Our factory has turned out 2,000 cars this year, all of which _ quality.A. is good B. are good C. is of high D. are of high分析：题意为我们工厂今年生产汽车 2000 辆，而且都是高质量的 be of +名词 表示事物（汽车）的属性或特征。答案：D12. find on
40、eself + 介词/现在分词 /过去分词发现自己（处于某状态）；不知不觉地来到When he came to, he found himself in hospital.当他醒来时发现自己躺在医院里。I found myself at the waters edge.我不知不觉中来到了河边。He found himself lying on the grass.他发现自己躺在草地上。I found myself walking in the direction of the zoo.我发现自己不知不觉中朝着动物园的方向走去。We found her in poor health.我们发现她身
41、体健康状况欠佳。He found himself surrounded by a group of boys.他发觉自己被一群男孩围着。*含有 oneself 的搭配有：enjoying oneself 过得愉快come to oneself 苏醒过来dress oneself 穿衣服help oneself to 自取，随便吃feel like oneself 觉得身体情况正常，沉着teach oneself 自学smile to oneself 暗自笑say to oneself 自言自语，暗想wash oneself 洗澡lose oneself in thought 沉思13. mak
42、e up 组成be made up of 由组成be made of 由制造的（在产品中可以看出原材料）be made from 由制造的（在产品中看不出原材料）be made in 在某地制造的be made into 被制成eg.The novel is made up of ten chapters. = Ten chapters make up the novel. 这本小说是由十个章节组成的。Our class is made up of sixty students. 我们班是由六十名同学组成的。Animals bodies are made up of cells. 动物的身体是
43、由细胞组成的。Society is made up of people of widely differing abilities.社会是由能力迥异的人组成的。 Paper is made from wood. 纸张是用木料制成的。The bridge is made of steel. 这座桥是用钢材造成的。Glass is made into bottles. 玻璃制成了瓶子。This bicycle was made in Shanghai. 这辆自行车是上海制造的。*make up 的其他含义：化妆，铺床，虚构，补足，补齐对比：make up for 弥补，赔偿eg.She spent
44、 an hour making herself up before the party.她在聚会前化妆花了一小时。She is always heavily made up. 她总是浓妆艳抹的。We made up the bed in the spare room for our guest.我们在空着的房间里为客人铺好床。I couldnt remember a story to tell the children, so I made one up as I went along.我想不出有什么故事可给孩子讲了，只好现编故事。We still need 100 to make up th
45、e sum required.我们还需要 100 美元才能达到所需的数目。Hard work can make up for a lack of intelligence.勤能补拙。高考链接：Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and_ jokes.（2005 江苏高考）A. turning up B. putting up C. making up D. showing up分析：句意为：杰克擅长讲笑话编笑话，所以村里的每个人都喜欢他。make up 有编造的意思。答案：C14.表示身体姿势的常见
46、短语：stand on ones foot 单足站立jump to ones feet 跳起来stand on ones head 倒立rise to ones feet 站起来struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来lie on ones back 仰卧lie on ones stomach 俯卧lie on ones side 侧卧stand on ones leg like a cock 金鸡独立eg.He couldnt stand on his right leg.他的右腿站不起来了。I jumped to my feet and rushed out of the room.我跳了起来，冲出了房间。He stood on his head to make the baby laugh.他倒立着使婴儿发笑。Do you like sleeping on your side?你喜欢侧着身子睡觉吗？15.表示方位、位置的介词：in the west/south/north/east of在之西/南/北/东（表示在另一个地点的里面）on the west/south/north/east of在的西面/南面/北面/东面（表示两地接壤）to the west/south/nort
