1、Unit 4 Pygmalion Period 2 Learning about Language howC to do with; how Dto do with ：what解析 考查动词。 句意：有大多的困难让我们处理，我们真的不知道该做些什么。处理困难要用 deal with；而第二个空后面的 do 缺少宾语，应该用what。答案 A9The sound of the train_in the distance. Which of the following is WRONG?Afaded out Bfaded away Cdied away Ddied out解析 句意：火车的声音渐渐
2、消失在远方。fade out，fade away，die away都可指声音渐渐消失。die out“灭绝，灭亡，绝种 ”。答案 D10Many personnel managers say it is getting harder and harder to_honest applicants from the growing number of dishonest ones.Adistinguish BdisguiseC dissolve Ddiscount解析 句意：许多人事经理声称由于不诚实应征者人数上升，越来越难和诚实的应征者加以区分了。distinguish 辨别；disguise
3、 掩饰，假装，假扮；dissolve 溶解，消除；discount 折扣。答案 A11Bob and I see each other_but not as often as we used to.Aonce more Bonce in a whileC in the end Dmore or less解析 句意：鲍勃与我偶尔会见面，但不像以前那么经常了。once in a while“间或，偶尔”符合句意。once more 再次； in the end 最后；more or less 或多或少。答案 B12Many youth dont know what to_at university
4、; they cant make up their minds about the future. Atake away Btake upC take over Dtake after解析 考查动词短语。句意：许多年轻人不知道在大学里应该学习什么，他们对自己的未来拿不定主意。take away 带走，解除，消除； take up 开始从事，占据；take over 接收，接管；take after( 面貌、言行等 )像。答案 B13Jack，you seem in high spirits._We won the match 40.AGuess what? BSo what?C No wond
5、er. DNo doubt.解析 考查情景交际。句意：杰克，看起来精神不错呀。你猜猜怎么了？我们以四比零赢得了比赛。Guess what？“猜猜怎么了？”So what“那又怎么样呢？ ”No wonder.“难怪；怪不得” ；No doubt.“毫无疑问” 。根据句意选 A 项。答案 A14Human behaviour is mostly a product of learning，_the behavior of an animal depends mainly on instinct.Aotherwise BwhereasC unless Dnevertheless解析 句意：人类的行
6、为大多是学习的产物，而动物的行为则主要依靠本能。whereas 意为“然而，却 ”，引导对立的从句；otherwise 意为“否则” ；unless 意为“除非” ；nevertheless 意为“然而” ，不引导从句。答案 B15Before you decide to leave your job，_the effect it will have on your family.Aconsider BconsideringC to consider Dconsidered解析 before 引导的是时间状语从句， 填空句为主句， 而此主句为祈使句，故动词用原形。其中 it will have
7、.为修饰名词 the effect 的宾语从句。答案 A.阅读理解AIf youre out for a walk and a bird in a tree says to you “Hello there”， dont worry, youre not going mad.Naturalists have reported a growing phenomenon of pet parrots that have been taught to repeat phrases by their owners before escaping from their cages and then pa
8、ssing on the technique to the wild flocks they join. “Hello there！” ， “Hello darling！”and “Whats happening？”are among the chorus of comments that flocks of wild birds have been repeating after picking up words and sentences from other birds that were once household pets.Naturalist Martyn Robinson sa
9、id：“Weve had people calling us thinking theyve had something put into their drink because theyve gone out to look at the flock of birds in their back yard and all the birds have been saying something like Whos a pretty boy, then？”Mr.Robinson, who is based at the Australian Museum in Sydney, said the
10、 usual sequence of events saw a caged parrot of some kind which had been taught phrases but had then made its escape. It would then join a wild flock and chatter away in the trees，its words being learned by younger birds in the flock.The older ones would be unlikely to start learning. When chicks ar
11、e born, they hear the words being spoken by the older birds and grow up repeating the phrases.And so it continues, generation after generation.Mr.Robinson said that because of a drought in the western regions of New South Wales, flocks of wild birds“speakers”among themhave been flying to Sydney, whe
12、re more food is available, and have been hanging around suburban gardens. From the tree tops in gardens, from chimney pots and lamp posts, the flocks have been talking away, leaving many people wondering if their minds were playing tricks on them.“These birds are very smart and very social, meaning
13、that communication and contact is important between them， ” said Mr.Robinson.“I just hope a pet bird thats been taught dirty words doesnt join a flock because we dont want to hear that kind of thing going around the back gardens.”【语篇解读】 很多悉尼居民可以在自家的花园中听到一群野生鹦鹉在树梢上对他们说， “你好” “出什么事了” ，这是为什么呢？1When peo
14、ple heard a flock of birds say “Hello there！” , they felt_.Athere was something wrong with their mindsB they had drunk some wineC they were in a world of parrotsDthey heard people speaking解析 细节理解题。根据文章第一段、第三段以及倒数第二段的信息可知，人们在听到野生鹦鹉说话时感到很诧异，以为自己的大脑出了什么问题。答案 A2Flocks of wild bird “speakers” have been f
15、lying to Sydney because_.Athey are following some escaped pet parrotsB it is easy for them to find food in SydneyC there are fewer birds left in New South WalesDthey are on their way of migration解析 细节理解题。从文章倒数第三段可知，这些会说话的野生鹦鹉从新南威尔士州飞到了悉尼，原因是新南威尔土州大旱，缺少食物，而悉尼有很多食物。答案 B3Which of the following gives th
16、e correct order of events given in the passage?aPeople hear a bird in a tree say“Hello there！” bThe pet parrot escaped from its cage.cA flock of wild parrots learned to speak from the escaped“speaker”dA pet parrot picked up some sentences from its owner.eThe pet parrot joined a flock of wild birds.A
17、h, c, d, a, e Be, a, c, d, bC d, b, e, c, a De, b, c, a, d解析 细节理解题。根据第二段和第四段的信息可知，C 项符合文章所陈述的事实的顺序。答案 C4We can learn from the passage that_.Aparrots like to learn to speak human languageB younger birds are most likely to learn the language from the escaped parrotsC parrots can learn to speak from ea
18、ch other, whether old or youngDparrots flock together because they speak the same language解析 细节理解题。从文章第四段的第二、三、四句可知，幼鸟更有可能跟逃 出来的会说话的宠物鹦鹉学习人类的习惯用语。答案 BBIn 1890 William James, the American philosopher and physician and one of the founders of modern psychology, defined psychology as “the science of men
19、tal life” and this definition provides a good starting point for our understanding even today. We all have a mental life and therefore have some idea about what this means, even though it can be studied in rats or monkeys as well as in people and the concept remains difficult to understand.Like most
20、 psychologists, William James was particularly interested in human psychology, which he thought consisted of certain basic elements: thoughts and feelings, a physical world which exists in time and space, and a way of knowing about these things. For each of us, this knowledge is primarily personal a
21、nd private. It comes from our own thoughts, feelings and experience of the world, and may or may not be influenced by scientific facts about things. For this reason, it is easy for us to make judgments about psycho1ogical matters using our own experience as a standard. We behave as amateur psycholog
22、ists when we offer opinions on complex psychological phenomena. However, problems arise when two people understand these things differently. Formal psychology attempts to provide methods for deciding which explanations are most likely to be correct, or for determining the circumstances under which e
23、ach applies. The work of psychologists helps us distinguish between inside information, which is subjective, and may be prejudiced and unreliable, and the facts: between our predictions and what is “true” in scientific terms.Psychology, as defined by William James, is about the mind or brain, but al
24、though psychologists do study the brain, we do not understand nearly enough about its workings to he able to comprehend the part that it plays in the experience and expression of our hopes, fears, and wishes, or in our behavior during experiences as varied as giving birth or watching a football matc
25、h. Indeed, it is rarely possible to study the brain directly. So, psychologists have discovered more by studying our behavior, and by using their observations to obtain hypotheses (假设) about what is going on inside us.【语篇解读】 虽然被誉为“美国现代心理学之父 ”的威廉詹姆斯给出了心理学的定义，但是这种抽象的理论研究仍然存在许多难以洞察的现象。5The first paragr
26、aph is mainly about_.Athe founder of modem psychologyB the definition of psychologyC the complexity of psychologyDthe influence of psychology解析 主旨大意题。本段第一句开门见山地交代了中心话题，后面进行了深入分析，所以本段的大意是”心理学的定义” 。答案 B6From Paragraph 2，we can know that problems arise because_.Aof the difference between inside informa
27、tion and the factsB of different thoughts and feelings about psychologyC people usually make judgments based on their own ideasDamateur psychologists cannot use scientific terms解析 推理判断题。根据第二段的“For this reason，it is easy for us to make judgements.However, problems arise when two eople understand thes
28、e things differently.”可推断之所以出现问题是因为人们通常用自己的观点作出判断。答案 C7According to the passage, psychologists study the brain mainly_.Ain a direct wayB with their own experienceC by observing how it worksDby watching peoples behavior解析 细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句可知心理学家主要是通过观察人们的行为对大脑进行研究。答案 D8Which of the following can be th
29、e first sentence in the fourth paragraph?APsychology is also about the ways people use their mental abilities to operate in the world around them.B William James is considered to be the greatest psychologist in the 1890s.C Psychology suggests that living beings adapt to a changing environment so that they can survive.DIt is important for psychologists, as well as ordinary people, to be, aware of the reasons.解析 推理判断题。第四段应该承接的是第三段的内容，根据第三段第一句前半部分中的内容可推测 A 项与文章结构最吻合。答案 A
