1、皮内注射法 （intradermal injection,ID),intradermal injection,ID,【 objective 】 1、说出皮内注射法（ID）的定义、部位、目的 2、学会皮内注射法的操作方法 3、操作中严格执行查对制度和无菌原则，体现爱伤观念,intradermal injection,ID,【 Definition 】 将小量药液或生物制品注射于表皮和真皮之间的方法。 An intradermal injection is inject minute amounts of drug into the outer layers of the skin (betwee
2、n epidermis and dermis).,intradermal injection,ID,【purpose】 1、To use for diagnostic skin tests and medication allergy tests进行药物过敏试验，以观察有无过敏反应。 2、 To inject vaccines预防接种。 3、 A prior step to local anesthesia局部麻醉的起始步骤。,Procedure,【planning】 1、 Medication tray: 70% alcohol Sterile swab 1ml syringe 41/2ne
3、edle MAR(medication administration record) Medication Kidney basin 2、如为药物过敏试验，另备0.1%盐酸肾上腺素。,Procedure,洗手、戴口罩查对 抽吸药液 查对、解释 选择注射部位 70%乙醇消毒皮肤 排尽空气 左手绷紧皮肤 右手进针（针尖斜面向上、50角） 固定 注药0.1ml 拔针 再次查对 清理用物 1520min观察局部反应 记录,wash hands ,wear mask check withdraw medication Identify the client. Explain the procedure
4、Select appropriate site Sterilize the skin with an alcohol swab Check again, eject air in syringe thoroughly Use the left hand to spread the skin taut Insert the needle into the skin until the bevel inserts into the skin completely（at 5-degree angle ） Firm the hub with thumb Slowly inject the medica
5、tion about 0.1ml for a small wheal to appear Withdraw the needle quickly Check again. Wash hands Observe response of the client.(1520min) Make judgment and record the outcomes,【procedure】,Evaluation,1. Whether the nurse has followed the principle of the three checks and seven rights and the sterile
6、techniques. Observe the size of the wheal in the site of injection. Whether there is bleeding, infiltrstion or discomfort in the injection site 2. The clients systermatic reactions to the medications 3. The clients knowledge about medication and methods of administration,注意事项,1、严格遵守无菌操作原则及查对制度 2、皮肤消毒时勿用碘类消毒剂，勿用力反复涂擦，并嘱患者不能用手揉擦注射局部，以免影响局部反应的观察 3、如对结果有怀疑，应在另一前臂内注入O.1ml的等渗无菌盐水作对照试验。 4、 皮试前详细询问有无过敏史，如对所需注射药物有过敏者不可做过敏试验。 5、 皮试后观察时间不能少于20分钟，阳性者禁用，并在医嘱单或门诊病历上注明过敏。,
