1、例题讲解例 1 Dont forget your homework with you when you come here tomorrow. (2003 年黄冈市中考题)Ato bring B. to take C. bringing D. taking 精析 forget to do sth. 意为“忘记去做某事” ,forget doing sth. 意为“忘记做过某事” 。根据句义应选择 forget to do sth. 这一结构;又因为 take 表示“拿走” ,bring 表示“带来” ,因而确定用 forget to bring.答案:A。方法解密:(1) 区分 forget
2、to do sht. 和 forget doing sth.的不同含义。(2) 区分 bring 和 take 的意义。例 2 Did you see anybody pen?(2002 年黄冈市竞赛题)Aelse B. other C. others D. else, s 精析 else 和 other 都可以表示“别的,其他的” 。Else 修饰不定代词(something, anything, somebody, anybody)和疑问词(what, who, where, when)时需要后置,而 other 修饰名词时放在名词之前;else 的所有格为 else, s。答案:D。方法
3、解密:(1) else 修饰不定代词和疑问词作后置定语。(2) other 修饰名词作前置定语。(3) else 的所有格为 else, s例 3 May I borrow your ruler?.(2003 年泉州市中考题)Ahere are you B. here it is C. here they are D. here we are 精析 “here you are”“here it is”和“here they are”都可以表达“给你” 。当所给的物为单数时,既可用“here you are”,又可用“here it is”;当所给的物为复数时,常用 “here you are”
4、或者“here they are”。答案:B技巧解密:从信息词 your ruler 可知所给的物为单数。例 4 He goes to school at 7 o, clock every day. (改为一般疑问句 )He to school at 7 o, clock every day?精析行为动词第三人称单数一般疑问句的构成为:does+主语+ 行为动词原形+其他?答案:does go 技巧解密:一加(加助动词 does), 二改(goes 改为原形) ,三问号。例 5 When I finish my homework, I often watch TV.A. do B. doing
5、 C. to do D. does 精析用 finish 表示“做完某事 ”,其搭配为 finish sth. 或 finish doing sth.答案:B 。方法解密:Finish 后接动词时,只能用动名词作宾语。例 6改错:This room is enough big for all of us to live in 精析 enough 作副词,修饰形容词或副词时,应位于所修饰的形容词或副词之后。但enough 作形容词修饰名词时,既可在名词前,也可在名词后。答案:A。enough bigbig enough.方法解密:(1) 掌握 enough 的基本用法。(2) 判断 big 在句
6、中为形容词例 7Thank you for to see me. (2003 年广州市中考题)Acome B. came C. to come D. coming 精析thank 的常用结构“thank you for”表示“因而感谢你” 。答案:D。技巧解密:介词后接动词作宾语时,只能用动名词形式。例 8 It, s five o, clock now. it, s time .(2004 年武汉市中考题 )Afor go home B. to go home C. for go to school D. to go to there精析表示“该做某事”有两种结构:“it , s time
7、for +名词 ”, “it, s time to +动词原形” ;表示“去某地”也有两种结构:“go+地点副词(there, home) ”, “go to +地点名词”答案: B。 技巧解密:(1) home 不加限定词时常作副词,如限定词时作名词。(2) go 为动词原形,故用句型“it , s time to”。例 9 Because she is ill, mary doesnt come to school today.(2003 年西安市中考题)Aso B. and C. but D. 不填精析汉语习惯上用“因为所以”来表示因果关系,但在英语中,用了 “因为(because) ”
8、就不用“所以(so) ”,或用了“所以(so) ”就不用“因为(because) ”答案: D技巧解密:英语中表示因果关系时,because 和 so 不能同时在一个句子里使用。例 10 We are looking forward to you soon.(2003 年河北省中考题)Ameet B. meeting C. meets D. is meeting精析句型 look forward to 意为“盼望,期望” ,to 是介词,后面只能跟名词或动名词,不能跟不定式。答案。B 。方法解密:熟记 look forward to 中的 to 为介词,而不是动词不定式中的不定式符号 to .
9、例 11 Jim, s mother went to the great wall yesterday.A. too B. also C. either D. so 精析 上述四个词 too, also, either, so 都可以表示“也” 。Too 用于肯定句,常位于句尾;also 用于肯定句,常位于助动词、be 动词、情态动词之后、行为动词之前;either 用于否定句,常位于句尾;so 用于倒装的肯定句,常位于句首。答案:B 。技巧解密:(1) 记忆区分 too, also, either 和 so 的用法差异。(2) 判断确定句义和句式。例 12 May I take here ?
10、 A. yes, please B. yes, it is C. yes, you can D. no, you may精析“may I ”表示“请求允许” ,may 和 can 可以互换,其肯定回答为“yes, you may/can”,也可以不用情态动词,如: yes,please./of course. /certainly. /sure. 其否定回答为:please dont / I, m afraid not.或 no, you mustnt /. No, you cant./ No , you may not. 答案:A。方法解密:(1) 熟记句型“may I” 的肯定和否定回答的
11、种类和方式 。(2) 判断句型“may I” 的句义。例 13 Who thanksgiving?(2004 年南宁市中考题)Acelebrate B. celebrates C. celebrating D. to celebrate精析who 用于句首作主语时,一般看做第三人称单数。答案:B 。方法解密:句中的谓语应和句子的主语保持一致。例 14 is on the 31st of October.A. thanksgiving B. Halloween C. easter D. Christmas.精析根据文化常识,万圣节 Halloween 是在 10 月 31 日。答案:B 。方法解
12、密:熟记各个节日在哪一天。例 15The famous football team Liverpool is from England. (2003 年长沙市中考题)A called B. calling C. name D. is called 精析表示“这支著名的足球队被称为利物浦”应用过去分词 called,不应用现在分词calling.答案: A。技巧解密:(1) be called 在句中作谓语(2) called=named 在句中作定语。例 16 Could I have apples?A. some B. any C. much D. an 精析much(许多)修饰不可数名词,
13、an 不能和复数名词连用,some 用于肯定句,any 用于疑问句和否定句中,但表示向别人提出请求,希望得到肯定回答时要用 some.答案:A。方法解密:(1) 掌握 some, any, much 和 an 的用法。(2) 判断问句是否为表示请求、希望得到肯定回答的问句。例 17Thanks for (2002 年宁波市中考题)A. help me B. helping me C. help I D. helping I 精析thanks=thank sb, thank 作名词时常用复数形式,介词 for 意为“因为” ,其后接名词、代词或动名词,不能接动词原形,也不能接不定式。答案:B 。
14、方法解密:(1) for 后接动词时,要用动名词。(2) 动词 help 后要用宾格代词。例 18What do you often do Sunday morning?A. on B. in C. at D. for 精析表示“在上午/下午/晚上”一般用介词 in,如:in the morning /afternoon/evening;若表示“在哪一天的早上/下午/晚上”则用介词 on.答案: A。 方法解密:At 用于点, on 用于天,in 用于月、季、年。午和晚上 in 常用。限定之时 in 要变。例 19 When she heard the news, she was (激动) (
15、2002 年福州市中考题)精析excited 意为“感到激动 ”;exciting 意为“令人激动 ”答案:excited.技巧解密:(1) exciting 常指畅。(2) excited 常指人。例 20 I have breakfast at 7:00. but it, s 7:20. I, m having my breakfast.A. usually; often B. often; usually C. sometimes; often D. usually; now 精析usually(通常),often(经常),sometimes(有时)通常用于一般现在时中,now 则一般用
16、于现在进行时中。根据题意得知,前句为一般现在时,后句为现在进行时,因此选择D。 答案:D技巧解密:熟记哪些时间状语常和一般现在时连用,哪些常和现在进行时连用。例 21 tom looks like jim .(改为同义句) 。Tom and jim 精析 look like 意为“看起来像 ”,从上句可知“汤姆看起来像吉姆” ,从而可知“汤姆和吉姆看起来一样” 。答案:look the same.方法解密:Look like 常和 look the same 进行同义句转换。例 22He put in the coffee and ate .A. many sugars; much bread
17、B. lots of sugar; many breadsC. lots of sugar; much breadD. many sugars; many breads精析sugar 和 bread 都是不可数名词。Lots of 和 a lot of 可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。答案:C 。方法解密:先分清 sugar 和 bread 均为不可数名词,再选择不可数名词的修饰词。例 23Linda, I, ve bought many. Now let, s make the birthday cake.A. fresh eggs B. chocolate milk C. frozen
18、 food D. dumplings精析 从该题题干可知, many 后应与可数名词连用,而 B、C 项中 milk 和 food 属不可数名词,故不能选。另外,要做生日蛋糕应该用 eggs 而不用 dumplings.答案:A。 技巧解密:不可数名词没有单、复数变化,也不常与冠词连用。但可与 a little , little, some, any, a great deal of , a piece of , a bottle of, 以及 how much 连用。例 24You should do more . dont always sit at the desk busy doing
19、 your .A. exercise; exercises B. exercise; exercise C. exercises; exerciseD. exercises; exercises精析do more exercise 意为“多运动” ,exercise 是不可数的;do ones exercise 意为“做练习” ,exercise 是可数名词。答案:A。 方法解密:英语中有些名词作一种意义讲是可数名词,作另一种意义讲是不可数名词。平时学习中要注意总结归纳这类名词。例 25 Would you like orange juice?A. any B. some C. many D.
20、 /精析在表示建议、请求的句子中,一般用 some 来修饰。此题中 orange juice 为不可数名词,不可以用 many 修饰,would like 是典型的提建议的句型,应选择 some.答案:B技巧解密:判断句子功能是答好此题的关键。Would like 是典型的提建议句。例 26 句型转换,每空一词。(1)he walks to school every day.He 、 school 、 every day.(2)my favourite colour is green.I green .精析(1) walk 相当于 go toon foot,即“步行去”;(2) favouri
21、te 在句中作形容词修饰名词 colour,相当于 likebest.答案:(1)goes to on foot (2) like best 方法解密:(1)对动词 walk 进行释义,该题属释义型句子转换;(2)句子结构转换时句子主语和谓语动词均发生变化。例 27Look at icture. its picture of our school.A. a; the B. a; a C. the; the D. the ; a 精析第一句中的 picture 是特指“那一幅画” ,其前应用 the,第二句中 picture 则构成短语 a picture of (一幅的画) 。答案:D。技巧解
22、密:定冠词 the 用在名词前,表示特定的人或物,以区别同类的其他人或物。例 28对画线部分提问,每空一词。(1)I watch TV every day. do you watch TV?(2)she writes to me once a week. does she write to me?精析两题中的画线部分均表示频率,故都用 how often 提问。答案(1)how often (2)how often方法解密:how often 就动作频率提问,而 how long 则就延续的一段时间提问。如:-how long are you bere?你在这儿多长时间了?-Im here f
23、or an hour. 我呆了一个小时。例 29San is a student . his sister is a student. A. too B. also C. either D. as well 精析表示“也”且用于句中常用副词 also.答案B。技巧解密:正确区分几个表示“也”的副词在句中的位置是答题关键。例 30 do you know about English?-only a little.A. how many B. how much C. how often D. how long精析表示“语言”的多少常用 how much.答案: B。 方法解密:English 指语
24、言时为不可数名词,答句中 a little 常用来修饰不可数名词。例 31 用动词的正确形式填空(1)we want (raise) some money for him. (2) its hot today. Lets go (swim)(3)there (be) a girl and two boys in the room.精析(1)want 后常接动词不定式作宾语,即 want to do; (2)go 后接动名词,构成固定搭配;(3)there be 句型中 be 与靠近的一个主语保持一致。答案(1)to raise (2)swimming (3)is方法解密:判断一个动词之后的动词
25、形式要依据该动词的特点来定。如(1) 、 (2)题;题(3)中 be动词形式采用“邻近原则” 。例 32My father likes fishing, but he doesnt like fishing today, because its too hot.A. going; going B. to go; to go C. to go; going D. going; to go精析动词 like 后面可接 to do 或 doing,有时可不区别使用。但像在本题这种语境中,表经常性和一惯性的“喜欢 ”,多用 like+doing,表偶然性和一次性 “喜好” ,多用 like+to do
26、 .答案:D。技巧解密:like 后有多种动词形式,此题应根据句意来确定其后的动词形式。例 33改错。We dont have a lot of homework to do this week.精析a lot of (或 lots of )意思是“许多” 。这两个短语即可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词,但一般只用在肯定句中。如果是否定句或疑问句,则用 many 或 much 代替。答案将 a lot of 改为 much.技巧解密:注意 a lot of 或 lots of 使用的句子类型。例 34This is marys photo. please. A. show me it B.
27、show it to me C. show it me D. show me to it 精析 当 show 后双宾语均为代词时,只能用 show sth. To sb. 结构。答案B。 方法解密:注意 show sb. sth 结构中 sb.和 sth。均为代词时的一种特殊用法。例 35选词填空a look, a rest, a walk(1) Mr green usually takes after supper.(2) If youre tired, please take .(3) let me take at your new pen. 精析由句意可知答案。答案(1)a walk (
28、2)a rest (3)a look 技巧解密:此题考查 take 的有关动词短语,答题时依句意来确定该选哪一动词短语。例 36用 different, difference 填空。(1)there are five between the pictures.(2)English names are from Chinese names.精析(1)用可数名词的复数,应为 differences. (2).固定搭配 be different from.故填形容词形式。答案(1)differences (2)different 技巧解密:difference 对应的形容词形式是 different
29、.例 37 Id like to invite you to my party tomorrow evening, jane.A. I dont like any parties B. not at all C. thanks for asking meD. thats right.精析有人邀请你参加聚会,你回答“I dont like any parties”显得没有礼貌。即便你确实不喜欢,也要先感谢别人的邀请,然后再说明不能应邀的理由。这是交际的一般礼仪。至于B、D 两项,完全答非所问。前者意为“别客气” ,后者意为“不错,正确” 。答案:C 。方法解密:此题考查情景会话,答题时注意西方礼
30、仪的特点。例 38 I like watching the dolphin and jump.A. swim B. to swim C. swimming D. swims精析 hear, see, watch 等动词都可用于“动词+sb./ sth.+ doing sth.”的结构,表示“听见或看见某人(某物)正在做某事。 ”答案:A。技巧解密:“动词+sb./sth.+do sth.”.其中,do 的前面不能加 to。语法上这叫做不带 to 的不定式。能用于这种结构的动词有 hear, see, watch 等。它的意思是“听见或看见某人(某物)要做某事或做了某事。 ”例 39用括号内所给
31、动词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词。Look! It (rain) heavily. It often (rain) in changsha in summer?精析句中“look”决定了第一句要用现在进行时 be doing sth. 类似的还有“listen”.第二句中的 often 确定这句要用一般现在时,疑问句要用助动词 do/does,主语是第三人称单数,所以助动词用 does.答案:is raining; does , rain 方法解密:此题考查动词时态。遇到此类型题目要注意看时间和关键词,从而决定时态。例 40 句型转换。把下面句子变成否定句、一般疑问句并做肯定和否定回答,然
32、后对画线部分提问(变成特殊疑问句) 。There are some flowers in the picture.精析在变否定句和疑问句的时候,通常须将 some(一些)改为 any(任何) 。在对表数的定语提问时,一般采用以下结构:how many+名词复数+are there +地点状语?例如:there are three people in my family.how many people are there in your family?there are two birds in the cage(鸟笼)。how many birds are there in the cage?
33、答案 there arent any flowers in the picture.Are there any flowers in the picture?yes, there are (some)No, there arent (any)how many flowers are there in the picture?方法解密:There be 句型的否定句和疑问句的变化本身并不复杂,按照已掌握的 be 动词的变化规律变化即可(在 be 动词后加 not 构成否定句,将 be 动词提前构成疑问句,回答还是使用 there be 句型) 。例 41 选择正确答案填空。Look! Tom b
34、asketball. He a new sweater.A. is playing; wears B. plays; wears C. is playing; is putting onD. plays; puts on精析因为“look”这样的词后,一般接现在进行时,从而排除 B、D 。put on 表示具体动作,而 tom 正在打篮球,他不可能一边打一边穿衣服,因此这里用 wear 表示他“正穿着”毛衣打篮球,强调的是状态,而不是动作。答案A。方法解密:根据动词“look”来判断时态。例 42 改正下列句中的错误He is listening to me. 精析listen 的现在分词是
35、listening,不需要双写末尾的 n.因为在现在分词的变化规律中,是否双写末尾的辅音字母,有以下几个条件:(1) 末尾的最后一个音节必须是重读闭音节。(2) 必须判断最后一个音节的读音,而不是字母构成。(3) 最后一个音节的读音构成从后往前依次为:一个辅音加一个单元音,再加一个辅音。简单地记为“辅元辅” 。Listen/不难看出,重音在第一个音节,而不是最后一个,所以不能双写“n” 。答案he is listening to me.方法解密:注意动词加 ing 时的双写规律。需双写的词有:swim, begin , stop, plan, shop, drop. Get, put, cut
36、, sit, run, elc. 例 43选择填空。I often my homework after supper. But yesterday evening I TVA. do; watch B. did; watched C. did; watch D. do; watched 精析often 是指经常性发生的动作,应用一般现在时 do,而 yesterday evening 是具体的过去时间,故用一般过去时 watched.答案 D。方法解密:此题考查一般现在时和一般过去时的区别。分清句中时间副词是答题的关键。例 44用所给动词的正确时态填空。He (put) on his coat
37、 and went out.精析此题考查一般过去时,went 是 go 的过去时,put 和 went 应是并列的两个谓语动词,故 put 应用一般过去时。动词的过去时态没有人称的变化,不需加第三人称单数,故此题应填 put.答案put技巧解密:观察并列成分的谓语动词形式也是判断动词时态的一种方法。例 45 根据 A 句完成 B 句,要求句意不变,每空一词。A the children played happily in the zoo yesterday.B The children 、 in the zoo yesterday.精析此题既考查 played happily 的同义词组,又考
38、查谓语动词的一般过去时。 “玩得痛快”的同义词组是 enjoy oneself,谓语动词应与原句一致,用一般过去时,并且 children 是复数形式。答案enjoyed themselves 方法解密:考查同义表达时,要注意人称和数保持前后一致。例 46 max 刚到北京,下图自左至右是他要做的事,请将下列句子的序号写在正确的图画旁。A. finally, he got to his room in hotel.B. First, he took a taxi.C. Afterwards, he wanted to find a hotel.D. Next, he found a recep
39、tion.E. Then he went to a concert.精析此题考查事情发生先后次序的表达。答案c. e. d. b. a .方法解密:表达先后次序的副词排列方式为:firstthennextafter-wardsfinally. 注意理解时,图句相结合。例 47单项选择题(1)my father ill yesterday.A. isnt B. arent C. was D. were (2) the twins in dalian last year. They here now.A. are; were B. were; are C. was; are D. were; wa
40、s 精析(1)由 yesterday 这一时间状语知该句为一般过去时,主语为单数,故选答案 C; (2)前句中由 last year 知为一般过去时,后句由 now 知用一般现在时,主语均为复数,故选 B。答案(1)C 。 (2)B。方法解密:由时间状语判断时态的运用是这两个题的共同特点。另外还要注意主语在单复数上与谓语动词保持一致。例 48 将下列句子变为否定句和疑问句,并做回答。(1)my father was at home last night. (2)they were over there a moment ago. 精析含有 be 动词一般过去时态的句子变成否定句,只需在 be
41、后加 not,变为一般疑问句则将 be 动词提到句首。答语应先说“yes/no” ,并且前后保持一致。答案(1)my father wasnt at home last night.Was your father at home last night?Yes, he was. / no, he wasnt .(2)they were not over there a moment ago.Were they over there a moment ago?Yes, they were. / no, they werent. 技巧解密:解此类句型转换题,只需在 was/were 上做文章,注意
42、was/were 位置的变化及与 not连用时形式的变化。例 49 阅读理解,根据对话所述,将下列几幅图按时间顺序排列。A:hi, Mary! Did you have a good day today?B: No, I didnt . I had a terrible time.A: what happened?B: I had a bad headache(头痛)all afternoon.A: why did you have a headache?B: because my boss shouted at me .A: why did your boss shout at you?B:
43、 because I arrived late for work.A: why did you arrive late for work. B: because I had to walk to the office.A: why did you have to walk to the office?B: because I missed (错过) the bus.A: why did you miss the bus?B: because I got up late today. A: why did you get up late today?B: because I went to a party last night. 精析此题考查一般过去时的用法,按对话先后顺序判断图画的排列。答案: B、 G、F、A、C、E、D 。