1、Words and Associative Meaning,Words and connotative meaning Examples: Dog, Peasant?, Revolution, Individualism, Propaganda. Words and social meaning Examples: American English vs. British English. After the Norman Conquest, the French language was brought to England.,At that time, since France was c
2、ulturally more advanced than England, it was natural that French words were regarded as more elegant than English words and thus used more in formal and literary contexts. Rest-repose, room-chamber, bear-endure, love-affection, house-mansion, king-sovereign, etc. Words borrowed from Latin are usded
3、mainly in academic writings or legal, religious or official documents. (P.71),Black Tea vs 红茶 Business card vs 名片 Wall clock vs 挂钟,Words and reflected meaning,Words and Collocative Meaning,Vice Associate DeputyLieutenant Under,Grammar and Culture,Grammatical explicitness in English Grammatical impli
4、citness in Chinese Examples： 1. We are students. vs. 我们都是学生。 2. He came to Beijing in 1978.vs. 他1978年到北京。,Passive Meaning,1. History is made by the people. 2.You are warmly welcome to the party. 3. The door locks easily. 1.困难被我们克服了。 2，道路加宽了。,Conclusion,Though English and Chinese can be used to conve
5、y the intended meanings equally well, the obligatory explicit grammatical markers are larger in number in English than in Chinese and they are used more frequently in English than in Chinese too.,Probable Cultural Interpretation,A long history of law-making and abiding can be found in western countries, which are heirs to Creek-Roman civilization. Even though legalism can be traced back to the Warring States periods, law in feudal society had seldom, if ever dominated the social affairs. In a sense, “simplicity” is important for Chinese people.,
