1、economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济capitalist economy 资本主义经济 collective economy 集体经济 planned economy 计划经济 controlled economy 管制经济 rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 自由经济 mixed economy 混合经济political economy 政治经济学 protectionism 保护主义 autarchy 闭关自守 primary sector 初级成分private sector 私营成分,私营部门 publi
2、c sector 公共部门,公共成分 economic channels 经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡 economic fluctuation 经济波动 economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定 economic policy 经济政策 economic recovery 经济复原understanding 约定 concentration 集中 holding company 控股公司 trust 托拉斯cartel 卡特尔 rate of growth 增长 economic trend 经济趋势 economi
3、c situation 经济形势infrastructure 基本建设 standard of living 生活标准,生活水平 purchasing power, buying power 购买力scarcity 短缺 stagnation 停滞,萧条 ,不景气 underdevelopment 不发达 underdeveloped 不发达的developing 发展中的 initial capital 创办资本 frozen capital 冻结资金 frozen assets 冻结资产fixed assets 固定资产 real estate 不动产,房地产 circulating ca
4、pital, working capital 流动资本available capital 可用资产 capital goods 资本货物 reserve 准备金,储备金 calling up of capital 催缴资本allocation of funds 资金分配 contribution of funds 资金捐献 working capital fund 周转基金revolving fund 循环基金 ,周转性基金 contingency fund 意外开支,准备金 reserve fund 准备金buffer fund 缓冲基金,平准基金 sinking fund 偿债基金 inv
5、estment 投资,资产 investor 投资人self-financing 自筹经费 ,经费自给 bank 银行 current account 经常帐户 （美作:checking account）current-account holder 支票帐户 （美作:checking-account holder ） cheque 支票 （美作:check）bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer 无记名支票,来人支票 crossed cheque 划线支票travellers cheque 旅行支票 chequebook 支票簿,支票本 （美作:chec
6、kbook）endorsement 背书transfer 转让,转帐,过户 money 货币 issue 发行 ready money 现钱cash 现金 ready money business, no credit given 现金交易,概不赊欠 change 零钱banknote, note 钞票,纸币 （美作:bill）to pay （in） cash 付现金 domestic currency, local currency 本国货币 convertibility 可兑换性 convertible currencies 可兑换货币 exchange rate 汇率,兑换率 forei
7、gn exchange 外汇 floating exchange rate 浮动汇率 free exchange rates 汇兑市场 foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券hard currency 硬通货 speculation 投机 saving 储装,存款 depreciation 减价,贬值 devaluation （货币）贬值revaluation 重估价 runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀 deflation 通货紧缩 capital flight 资本外逃securities business 证券市场 stock exchan
8、ge 贡市场 stock exchange corporation 证券交易所stock exchange 证券交易所 ,贡交易所 quotation 报价,牌价 share 股份,贡shareholder, stockholder 贡持有人 ,股东 dividend 股息,红利 cash dividend 现金配股stock investment 贡投资 investment trust 投资信托 stock-jobber 贡经纪人stock company, stock brokerage firm 证券公司 securities 有价证券 share, common stock 普通股p
9、reference stock 优先股 income gain 股利收入 issue 发行贡 par value 股面价格, 票面价格bull 买手, 多头 bear 卖手, 空头 assigned 过户 opening price 开盘 closing price 收盘hard times 低潮 business recession 景气衰退 doldrums 景气停滞 dull 盘整ease 松弛 raising limit 涨停板 break 暴跌 bond, debenture 债券 Wall Street 华尔街short term loan 短期贷款 long term loan
10、长期贷款 medium term loan 中期贷款 lender 债权人creditor 债权人 debtor 债务人,借方 borrower 借方,借款人 borrowing 借款 interest 利息rate of interest 利率 discount 贴现,折扣 rediscount 再贴现 annuity 年金 maturity 到期日,偿还日amortization 摊销,摊还,分期偿付 redemption 偿还 insurance 保险 insurance 保险 insurance 保险insurance 保险 mortgage 抵押 allotment 拨款 short
11、 term credit 短期信贷 consolidated debt 合并债务funded debt 固定债务,长期债务 floating debt 流动债务 drawing 提款 ,提存 aid 援助allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴,补助金,津贴 short term loan 短期贷款 long term loan 长期贷款medium term loan 中期贷款 lender 债权人 creditor 债权人 debtor 债务人 ,借方 borrower 借方,借款人borrowing 借款 interest 利息 rate of interest 利率 d
12、iscount 贴现,折扣 rediscount 再贴现 annuity 年金maturity 到期日,偿还日 amortization 摊销,摊还,分期偿付 redemption 偿还 insurance 保险mortgage 抵押allotment 拨款 short term credit 短期信贷 consolidated debt 合并债务 funded debt 固定债务,长期债务floating debt 流动债务 drawing 提款,提存 aid 援助 allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴,补助金,津贴cost 成本,费用 expenditure, outg
13、oings 开支,支出 fixed costs 固定成本 overhead costs 营业间接成本overheads 杂项开支,间接成本 operating costs 生产费用,营业成本 operating expenses 营业费用running expenses 日常费用,经营费用 miscellaneous costs 杂项费用 overhead expenses 间接费用,管理费用 upkeep costs, maintenance costs 维修费用,养护费用transport costs 运输费用 social charges 社会负担费用 contingent expens
14、es, contingencies 或有费用apportionment of expenses 分摊费用 income 收入,收益 earnings 利润,收益 gross income, gross earnings 总收入,总收益gross profit, gross benefit 毛利,总利润,利益毛额 net income 纯收益,净收入,收益净额average income 平均收入 national income 国收入 profitability, profit earning capacity 利润率,赢利率 yield 产量收益,收益率 increase in value,
15、 appreciation 增值,升值 duty 税 taxation system 税制 taxation 征税,纳税fiscal charges 财务税收 progressive taxation 累进税制 graduated tax 累进税 value added tax 增值税income tax 所得税 land tax 地租,地价税 excise tax 特许权税 basis of assessment 估税标准taxable income 须纳税的收入 fiscality 检查 tax-free 免税的 tax exemption 免税 taxpayer 纳税人tax colle
16、ctor 收税员China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, C.C.P.I.T. 中国国际贸易促进委员会National Council for US-China Trade 美中贸易全国理事会Japan-China Economic Association 日中经济协会Association for the Promotion of International Trade,Japan 日本国际贸易促进会British Council for the Promotion of International Trade 英国国际贸
17、易促进委员会International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会International Union of Marine Insurance 国际海洋运输保险协会International Alumina Association 国际铝矾土协会Universal Postal Union, UPU 万国邮政联盟Customs Co-operation Council, CCC 关税合作理事会United Nations Trade and Development Board 联合国贸易与发展理事会Organization for Economic cooperatio
18、n and Development, DECD 经济合作与开发组织European Economic Community, EEC, European Common Market 欧洲经济共同体European Free Trade Association, EFTA 欧洲贸易联盟European Free Trade Area, EFTA 欧洲贸易区Council for Mutual Economic Aid, CMEA 经济互助委员会Eurogroup 欧洲集团 Group of Ten 十国集团 Committee of Twenty（Paris Club） 二十国委员会Coordin
19、ating Committee, COCOM 巴黎统筹委员会Caribbean Common Market, CCM, Caribbean Free-Trade Association, CARIFTA 加勒比共同市场（加勒比贸易同盟）Andeans Common Market, ACM, Andeans Treaty Organization, ATO 安第斯共同市场Latin American Free Trade Association, LAFTA 拉丁美洲贸易联盟Central American Common Market, CACM 中美洲共同市场African and Malag
20、asy Common Organization, OCAM 非洲与马尔加什共同组织East African Common Market, EACM 东非共同市场Central African Customs and Economic Union, CEUCA 中非关税经济同盟West African Economic Community, WAEC 西非经济共同体Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, OPEC 石油输出国组织Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, OA
21、PEC 阿拉伯石油输出国组织Commonwealth Preference Area 英联邦特惠区Centre National du Commerce Exterieur, National Center of External Trade 法国对外贸易中心Peoples Bank of China 中国人银行Bank of China 中国银行International Bank for Reconstruction and development, IBRD 国际复兴开发银行World Bank 世界银行 International Development association, ID
22、A 国际开发协会International Monetary Found Agreement 国际货币基金协定International Monetary Found, IMF 国际货币基金组织European Economic and Monetary Union 欧洲经济与货币同盟European Monetary Cooperation Fund 欧洲货币合作基金Bank for International Settlements, BIS 国际结算银行African Development Bank, AFDB 非洲开发银行 Export-Import Bank of Washingt
23、on 美国进出口银行National city Bank of New York 花旗银行 American Oriental Banking Corporation 美丰银行American Express Co. Inc. 美国万国宝通银行 The Chase Bank 大通银行Inter-American Development Bank, IDB 泛美开发银行European Investment Bank, EIB 欧洲投资银行 Midland Bank,Ltd. 米兰银行United Bank of Switzerland 瑞士联合银行 Dresden Bank A.G. 德累斯敦
24、银行Bank of Tokyo,Ltd. 东京银行 Hongkong and Shanghai Corporation 香港汇丰银行International Finance Corporation, IFC 国际金融公司La Communaute Financieve Africane 非洲金融共同体Economic and Social Council, ECOSOC 联合国经济及社会理事会United Nations Development Program, NUDP 联合国开发计划署United Nations Capital Development Fund, UNCDF 联合国资本
25、开发基金United Nations Industrial Development Organization, UNIDO 联合国工业发展组织United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, UNCTAD 联合国贸易与发展会议Food and Agricultural Organization, FAO 粮食与农业组织, 粮农组织Economic Commission for Europe, ECE 欧洲经济委员会Economic Commission for Latin America, ECLA 拉丁美洲经济委员会Economic Co
26、mmission for Asia and Far East, ECAFE 亚洲及远东经济委员会Economic Commission for Western Asia, ECWA 西亚经济委员会Economic Commission for Africa, ECA 非洲经济委员会Overseas Chinese Investment Company 华侨投资公司 New York Stock Exchange, NYSE 纽约证券交易所London Stock Market 伦敦贡市场Baltic Mercantile and Shipping Exchange 波罗的海商业和航运交易所in
27、struction, education 教育 culture 文化 primary education 初等教育 secondary education 中等教育higher education 高等教育 the three Rs 读、写、算school year 学年 term, trimester 学季 semester 学期 school day 教学日 school holidays 假期curriculum 课程 subject 学科 discipline 纪律 timetable 课程表 class, lesson 课homework 家庭作业 exercise 练习 dicta
28、tion 听写 spelling mistake 拼写错误（short） course 短训班 seminar 研讨班 playtime, break 课间,休息to play truant, to play hooky 逃学,旷课 course （of study） 学业 student body 学生（总称）classmate, schoolmate 同学 pupil 小学生 student 大学生 schoolboy 男生schoolgirl 女生 auditor 旁听生 swot, grind 用的学生 old boy 老生 grant, scholarship, fellowship
29、 奖学金holder of a grant, scholar, fellow 奖学金获得者 school uniform 校服 teaching staff 教育工作者（总称）teachers 教师（总称） primary school teacher 小学老师 teacher lecturer 大学老师 professor 教授schooling 教授,授课 assistant 助教 headmaster 校长 （女性为:headmistress）deputy headmaster, deputy head 副校长 rector 校长 dean 教务长laboratory assistant
30、, lab assistant 实验员 beadle, porter 门房,学校工友games master, gym teacher, gym instructor 体育教师 private tutor 私人教师,家庭教师pedagogue 文学教师（蔑称）of school age 教龄 beginning of term 开学matriculation 注册 to enroll, to enroll 予以注册 to take lessons （学生）上课 to learn by heart 记住,掌握to revise, to go over 复习 test 考试to take an e
31、xamination, to sit an examination, to do an examination 参加考试convocation notice 考试通知 examiner 考试者 board of examiners 考试团examination oral, written examination 口试,笔试 question 问题 question paper 试卷crib 夹带 （美作 :trot）to pass an examination （或 exam）, 通过考试pass, passing grade 升级 prizegiving 分配奖品 to fall an ex
32、amination 未通过考试failure 未考好 to repeat a year 留级 degree 学位 graduate 毕业生 to graduate 毕业project, thesis 毕业论文 General Certificate of Education 中学毕业证书 （美作:high school diploma）holder of the General Certificate of Education 中学毕业生 （美作 :holder of a high school diploma）doctorate 博士学位 doctor 博士 competitive exam
33、ination 答辩考试mathematics 数学 science 理科 gymnastics 体育 algebra 代数 geometry 几何geography 地理 biology 生物 chemistry 化学 physics 物理 physical geography 地球物理sociology 社会学 psycology 心理学 philosophy 哲学 engineering 工程学mechanical engineering 机械工程学 civil engineering 土木工程 architecture 建筑学chemical, engineering 化学工程 acc
34、ounting and statisics 会计统计 business administration 工商管理library 图书馆学 diplomacy 外交 foreign language 外文 botany 植物 major 主修minor 辅修 kindergarten 幼儿园 infant school 幼儿学校 primary school, junior school 小学secondary school 中学 high school, secondary school 专科学校 business school 商业学校technical school 工业学校 technical college 专科学校（university） campus 大学university 大学 boarding school 供膳宿的学校 day school 日校,无宿舍学校,走读学校day student who has lunch at school 提供午餐的走读学生 academy 专科学院
