1、1Vocabulary Study and Use of English Dictionaries张坤，周虹您将听到以下信息：一、利用“小词”和“常用词”解决大问题二、重视一词多义现象。三、重视固定搭配的学习四、重视单词的语法意义五、在词组或句型的层面来学习单词六、模仿例句造句 学会使用单词的好方法 七、利用构词法扩展、记忆单词八、学习一些日常生活中口语表达九、重视单词发音十、给出国部学员的词汇学习建议十一、介绍一些您可能没用过的词典推荐词典：郎文当代高级英语辞典、 牛津高阶英语辞典、 牛津英语搭配词典。一、利用“小词”和“常用词”解决大问题练习 1：用 do, make, have, tak
2、e, get, run, set 造句做决定午饭想吃点什么？2我想洗个澡。我每天坐公交上班。我犯了一个低级的错误。竞选州长闹钟响了吗？闹钟上了吗？“懂了吗？”练习 2：中翻英1, 我们要发展经济。2, 我们需要进一步提高阅读能力。We need to further 3, 该组织旨在促进各国之间的友谊。This organization works to 4, 开发商5, 争论(argument)最后变成了激烈的争吵 (bitter quarrel)6, 几年后，该地区的所有人都得上了癌症。A few years later, all the residents of the area 小结：
3、如何学习小词和常用词1，利用字典的“小词学习专页”2，利用字典的词频统计信息3，利用单词表：（1）Vocabulary for College English Test (Band 4/6)（2）General Service List （3）Academic Word List注：词表 2 和 3 都可以在邮箱 (密码：blcublcu) 中下载。推荐词典：郎文当代高级英语辞典 、 牛津高阶英语辞典 、 牛津英语搭配词典。二、重视一词多义现象。练习 1：英翻中 Board noun/verb1, A blackboard2, A bulletin board3, A notice boar
4、d4, board games5, the Board of Shareholders6, a board meeting7, The student pays $60 a week for board and lodging.8, a boarding school39, a boarding pass10, Flight UA986 for Chicago is now boarding at Gate 35.练习 2：英翻中 Maintain, verb1, to maintain a car2, We need food and water to maintain our energy
5、.3, Maintain your speed at 60m/h.4, Oprah Winfrey has since maintained that several male family members sexually abused her during this time.提示：字典释义的第一项一般是该词最基本的意义。字典的各项释义会有一定的关联maintain; verb, 1 cause sth to continue; keep sth in existence at the same level, standard, etc 保持或维持某事物2 support (sb) fin
6、ancially 在财务上支持某人；赡养；抚养3 keep (sth) in good condition 保养，维修4 assert (sth) as true 断言（某事）属实；坚持推荐词典：郎文当代高级英语辞典 、 牛津高阶英语辞典 、 牛津英语搭配词典。三、重视固定搭配的学习4.1 动词与名词的搭配 Example 1: form (noun) 表,表格。 如何表达“填表？”fill in a form (British English)fill out a form (American English)complete a formExample 2: mortgage (noun)
7、 购房按揭贷款。和“mortgage”搭配的动词有哪些？to apply for/take out/pay off a mortgage 申请/取得/付清按揭贷款4.2 形容词与名词搭配Example: 如何表达下面的概念：(1) 软饮料：(2) 很重的口音：(3 )繁忙的交通：(4) 很大的雨：答案：4(1) soft drink(2) a strong accent (3) heavy traffic(4) heavy rain4.3 副词与形容词的搭配Example: 在空格处填上适当的副词：(1) 听到这个消息我感到 很遗憾。I was _ sorry to hear about th
8、e news.(2) 他完全/非常 明白这个问题。 He is _ aware of the problem.(3) 球迷对比赛结果 非常失望。The soccer fans were _ disappointed at the result of the game.(4) 收入最高的那些人只比普通人高兴一点点。Those whose incomes are among the top brackets are only _ happier than the people on average incomes.答案：very/terribly/reallyfullyvery/bitterlys
9、lightly/marginally提示：固定搭配在字典中用粗体标出推荐词典：郎文当代高级英语辞典 、 牛津高阶英语辞典 、 牛津英语搭配词典。四、重视单词的语法意义练习：更正划线部分Example # 1: Sending children to study abroad will spend parents a large sum of money.Example # 2: The computer cannot instead of the teacher in a classroom.Example # 3: Most companies need employees who have
10、 some work experience; however, college graduates just lack of it. 5答案：1，cost; 2, replace; 3, lack it五、在词组或句型的层面来学习单词Example 1: chorechore household chores My father usually doesnt do any household chores at home.单词 词组 句子Example 2: keykey a key to sth Hard work is a key to success in foreign languag
11、e study.六、模仿例句造句 学会使用单词的好方法 Example 1:From Textbook: In fact, Americans may devote a great deal of their leisure time to projects around the home.You want to learn: devote time to sthDictionary sentence: Im devoting all my time and energy to being a mom right now.Kuns sentence: I devote a lot of tim
12、e to thinking about teaching English. 联想 I spend a lot of time thinking about teaching English.Example 2:6From Textbook: These women are engineers, politicians, doctors, lawyers, and scientists, and a few have begun to occupy executive positions in business, government, and banking, break through th
13、e so-called glass ceiling. You want to learn: Glass ceilingDictionary Explanation: an imaginary limit that prevents women from being successful, even though there are no actual laws or rules to stop them, 玻璃屋顶Kuns sentence: I think there are glass ceilings in China. But some women have broken throug
14、h it. For example, Example 3: suppressShih Huang Ti therefore decided to suppress Confucian teachings and he ordered the burning of all copies of Confucius works.You want to learn: suppressYour own sentence: 提示：联系自我原则：与自己联系越紧密地，越有用推荐词典：郎文当代高级英语辞典 、 牛津高阶英语辞典 、 牛津英语搭配词典。七、利用构词法扩展、记忆单词Example 1: Telepi
15、zza outsells its three biggest rivals in Spain Dominos, Pizza Hut and Pizza World combined.Out-: 前缀，与动词或名词结合构成及物动词 to a greater extent; surpassing 极大地；超过: outlive/outgrow/outnumber/outwit Oxford Advanced Learners English-Chinese Dictionary, 4th editionoutnumber: The demonstrators were outnumbered by
16、 the policeoutlive: He outlived his wife by ten years.outdo: He outdid his classmates in the exam.outrun: Liu Xiang outran his rivals in the game.Example 2: Some say Spains growing appetite for fast food is undermining the countrys healthy diet.to undermine: verb, to weaken, 损害提示：牛津或朗文词典都有很好构词法内容。推荐
17、词典：郎文当代高级英语辞典 、 牛津高阶英语辞典 、 牛津英语搭配词典。7八、学习一些日常生活中口语表达我们经常发现最最常用的生活用语竟然不会说。推荐即学即用英语会话词典 （外语教学与研究出版社） ，此书配六张光盘。每一个表达，都先用中文念出，然后读两遍英语，第一遍快，第二遍慢速（可以让我们跟读） 。九、利用字典的注音，学习单词发音请读出这三个单词，注意元音和重音：psychologypsychologicalpsychologist规律：元音（a, e, i, o, u）在非重读音节中一般发成短促的 婀音或 /i/音。提示：学会了发音，才能把词汇运用在听力和口语中十、给出国部学员的建议：1，
18、立足课堂，吃透课本2，每课都做词汇笔记，不断积累，反复复习3，对待练习：重视过程，轻视结果4，已精读/听为主，泛读/听为辅5，勤用字典6，注意听老师/同学的语言7，多听磁带，多朗读、跟读十一、介绍一些您可能没用过的词典推荐词典：郎文当代高级英语辞典 、 牛津高阶英语辞典 、 牛津英语搭配词典。1， 牛津英语用法词典2，Word Finder , 一本搭配词典，类似 牛津英语搭配词典3， 郎文多功能分类词典 ，分类词汇，按主体划分4，Thesaurus , 近义、同义词词典5，Use the right word a modern guide to synonyms86，The Penguin Dictionary of troublesome words, 辨析词汇7，Kind Words, 委婉语词典8，Oxford Australian English dictionary9， 郎文汉英中国文化图解词典10， 20 世纪新词语词典 ，如 70 年代的 pop festival11， 高级英汉百科图解词典End of the Lecture Notes
