1、2014 年下半年 大学英语四 第三次作业 问题 1 得 10 分，满分 10 分Passage 1By definition, heroes and heroines are men and women distinguished by uncommon courage, achievements, and self-sacrifice made most for the benefits of others-they are people against whom we measure others. They are men and women recognized for shapin
2、g our nations consciousness and development as well as the lives of those who admire them. Yet, some people say that ours is an age where true heroes and heroines are hard to come by, where the very idea of heroism is something beyond us-an artifact of the past. Some main-tain, that because the Cold
3、 War is over and because America is at peace, our age is essentially an unheroic one. Furthermore, the overall crime rate is down, poverty has been eased by a strong and growing economy, and advances continue to be made in medical science.Cultural icons are hard to define, but we know them when we s
4、ee them. They are people who manage to go beyond celebrity (明星) , who are legendary, who somehow manage to become mythic. But what makes some figures icons and others mere celebrities? Thats hard to answer. In part, their lives have the quality of a story to tell. For instance, the beautiful young D
5、iana Spencer who at 19 married a prince, renounced marriage and the throne, and died at the moment she found true love. Good looks certainly help. So does a special indefinable charm, with the help of the media. But nothing confirms an icon more than a tragic death-such as Martin Luther King, Jr., J
6、ohn F. Kennedy, and Princess Diana. (258 words)1. The passage mainly deals with 1 .A. life and death B. heroes and heroinesC. heroes and icons D. icons and celebrities2. Heroes and heroines are usually 2 .A. courageous B. good examples to followC. self-sacrificing D. all of the above3. Which of the
7、following statements is wrong? 3 A. Poverty in America has been eased with the economic growth.B. Superstars are famous for being famous.C. Ones look can contribute to being famous.D. Heroes and heroines can only emerge in war times.4. Beautiful young Diana Spencer found her genuine love 4 .A. when
8、she was 19 B. when she became a princessC. just before her death D. after she gave birth to a prince5. What is more likely to set an icons status? 5 A. Good looks. B. Tragic and early death.C. Personal attraction. D. The quality of ones story.所选答案：Passage 1By definition, heroes and heroines are men
9、and women distinguished by uncommon courage, achievements, and self-sacrifice made most for the benefits of others-they are people against whom we measure others. They are men and women recognized for shaping our nations consciousness and development as well as the lives of those who admire them. Ye
10、t, some people say that ours is an age where true heroes and heroines are hard to come by, where the very idea of heroism is something beyond us-an artifact of the past. Some maintain, that because the Cold War is over and because America is at peace, our age is essentially an unheroic one. Furtherm
11、ore, the overall crime rate is down, poverty has been eased by a strong and growing economy, and advances continue to be made in medical science.Cultural icons are hard to define, but we know them when we see them. They are people who manage to go beyond celebrity (明星) , who are legendary, who someh
12、ow manage to become mythic. But what makes some figures icons and others mere celebrities? Thats hard to answer. In part, their lives have the quality of a story to tell. For instance, the beautiful young Diana Spencer who at 19 married a prince, renounced marriage and the throne, and died at the mo
13、ment she found true love. Good looks certainly help. So does a special indefinable charm, with the help of the media. But nothing confirms an icon more than a tragic death-such as Martin Luther King, Jr., John F. Kennedy, and Princess Diana. (258 words)1. The passage mainly deals with C .A. life and
14、 death B. heroes and heroinesC. heroes and icons D. icons and celebrities2. Heroes and heroines are usually D .A. courageous B. good examples to followC. self-sacrificing D. all of the above3. Which of the following statements is wrong? D A. Poverty in America has been eased with the economic growth
15、.B. Superstars are famous for being famous.C. Ones look can contribute to being famous.D. Heroes and heroines can only emerge in war times.4. Beautiful young Diana Spencer found her genuine love C .A. when she was 19 B. when she became a princessC. just before her death D. after she gave birth to a
16、prince5. What is more likely to set an icons status? B A. Good looks. B. Tragic and early death.C. Personal attraction. D. The quality of ones story.问题 2 得 10 分，满分 10 分Passage 2Dieting to lose weight has become very popular in recent years. People have become more health conscious and try to take be
17、tter care of their bodies by eating more nutritiously（有营养） and exercising more regularly to lose any unnecessary fat that they may have.Not only are people being more careful about what they eat, they are also concerned with how they eat and how their meals are prepared. People are taking more time
18、for each meal. Many avoid the so-called “ plastic “ fast-food hamburgers and choose to eat a salad or a sandwich of more healthful ingredients（成分） in a quiet restaurant with a more leisurely atmosphere. At home, they also try to take enough time to eat a relaxed dinner without phone or TV interrupti
19、ons.While dieting may be viewed as beneficial, it has also become a serious problem for Americans, particularly for young women. Dieting for them has actually become a psychological addiction（依赖） . They eat so little that they can lose as much as fifty percent of their total body weight, and althoug
20、h they look like skeletons, they still insist that they are fat.The current wave of exercising, dieting and the problems produced have caused many organizations to begin educating the public. Many schools, hospitals, health organizations, newspapers and magazines, for example, are offering classes,
21、printing booklet articles, etc. to inform the public of the way to exercise and diet, of the dangers of dieting too rapidly, and of the places people can go for medical help if they find themselves on the road to “diet addiction“.1、These days people are dieting more because they have become more hea
22、lth conscious. 1 A：T B：F2、They are taking less time for each meal now. 2 A：T B：F3、“ They look like skeletons“ in the third paragraph most probably means they are too thin. 3 A：T B：F4、The main idea of the last paragraph is about what kind of media can be used to educate the public. 4 A：T B：F5、Accordi
23、ng to this passage the atmosphere of eating has something to do with health. 5 A：T B：F所选答案：Passage 2Dieting to lose weight has become very popular in recent years. People have become more health conscious and try to take better care of their bodies by eating more nutritiously（有营养） and exercising mor
24、e regularly to lose any unnecessary fat that they may have.Not only are people being more careful about what they eat, they are also concerned with how they eat and how their meals are prepared. People are taking more time for each meal. Many avoid the so-called “ plastic “ fast-food hamburgers and
25、choose to eat a salad or a sandwich of more healthful ingredients（成分） in a quiet restaurant with a more leisurely atmosphere. At home, they also try to take enough time to eat a relaxed dinner without phone or TV interruptions.While dieting may be viewed as beneficial, it has also become a serious p
26、roblem for Americans, particularly for young women. Dieting for them has actually become a psychological addiction（依赖）. They eat so little that they can lose as much as fifty percent of their total body weight, and although they look like skeletons, they still insist that they are fat.The current wa
27、ve of exercising, dieting and the problems produced have caused many organizations to begin educating the public. Many schools, hospitals, health organizations, newspapers and magazines, for example, are offering classes, printing booklet articles, etc. to inform the public of the way to exercise an
28、d diet, of the dangers of dieting too rapidly, and of the places people can go for medical help if they find themselves on the road to “diet addiction“.1、These days people are dieting more because they have become more health conscious. A A：T B：F2、They are taking less time for each meal now. B A：T B
29、：F3、“ They look like skeletons“ in the third paragraph most probably means they are too thin. A A：T B：F4、The main idea of the last paragraph is about what kind of media can be used to educate the public. B A：T B：F5、According to this passage the atmosphere of eating has something to do with health. A
30、 A：T B：F问题 3 得 10 分，满分 10 分Passage 3What makes one person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool? Are people born intelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live? These are very old q
31、uestions and the answers to them are still not clear.We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. It needs exercise. Mental exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists (心理学家) think th
32、at parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent. If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.Pare
33、nts should also be careful with what they say to young children. According to some psychologists, if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positiv
34、e things to their children, such as “That was a very clever thing you did.“ or “You are such a smart child.“ 1、The word “intelligent“ in the 1st paragraph probably mean bright. 1 A：T B：F2、According to the context we can guess that a genius is a normal person while an idiot is a funny person. 2 A：T B
35、：F3、A person born with a good brain and putting it into active use is more likely to become a genius. 3 A：T B：F4、It is better for parents to praise and encourage their children more often. 4 A：T B：F5、Intelligence is obviously the result of where and how you live. 5 A：T B：F所选答案：Passage 3What makes on
36、e person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool? Are people born intelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live? These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not cl
37、ear.We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. It needs exercise. Mental exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists (心理学家) think that parents should play with their children more o
38、ften and give them problems to think about. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent. If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.Parents should also be careful with what they say to
39、young children. According to some psychologists, if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positive things to their children, such as “That was a v
40、ery clever thing you did.“ or “You are such a smart child.“ 1、The word “intelligent“ in the 1st paragraph probably mean bright. A A：T B：F2、According to the context we can guess that a genius is a normal person while an idiot is a funny person. B A：T B：F3、A person born with a good brain and putting i
41、t into active use is more likely to become a genius. A A：T B：F4、It is better for parents to praise and encourage their children more often. A A：T B：F5、Intelligence is obviously the result of where and how you live. B A：T B：F问题 4 得 10 分，满分 10 分Passage 4 Global WarmingGlobal warming may or may not be
42、the great environmental crisis of the 21st century, but regardless of whether it is or isnt we wont do much about it. We will argue over it and may even, as a nation, make some fairly solemn- sounding commitments to avoid it. But the more dramatic and meaningful these commitments seem, the less like
43、ly they are to be observed.A1 Gore calls global warming an “inconvenient truth”, as if merely recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution. But the real truth is that we dont know enough to relieve global warming, and without major technological breakthroughs we cant do much about it.From 200
44、3 to 2050, the worlds population is predicted to grow from 6.4 billion to 9.1 billion, a 42% increase. If energy use per person and technology remain the same, total energy use and greenhouse gas emissions (mainly, CO2) will be 42% higher in 2050.But thats too low, because societies that grow richer
45、 use more energy. We need economic growth unless we leave the worlds poor to their present poverty and freeze everyone elses living standards. With modest growth, energy use and greenhouse emissions will more than double by 2050.No government will adopt strict restrictions on economic growth and per
46、sonal freedom (limits on electricity usage, driving and travel) that might cut back global warming. Still, politicians want to show theyre “doing something” Consider the Kyoto Protocol. It allowed countries that joined to punish those that didnt. But it hasnt reduced CO2 emissions (up about 25% sinc
47、e 1990), and many signatories didnt adopt tough enough policies to hit their 2008-2012 targets.The practical conclusion is that if global warming is a potential disaster, the only solution is new technology. Only an aggressive research and development program might find ways of breaking our dependen
48、ce on fossil fuels or dealing with it.The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem when its really an engineering one. The inconvenient truth is that if we dont solve the engineering problem, were helpless.1What is said about global warming in the first paragraph? 1 AIt may not prove an environmental crisis at all.BIt is an issue requiring worldwide commitments.CSerious steps have been taken to av
